Yeşilırmak deltası Terme sulak alanlarında etnobotanik ve tıbbi potansiyele sahip yaygın makrofitler

Halim Topaldemir; Beyhan Taş

doi:10.3153/AR24006

Research Article

Yeşilırmak deltası Terme sulak alanlarında etnobotanik ve tıbbi potansiyele sahip yaygın makrofitler

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 51 - 73, 02.04.2024

Halim Topaldemir Beyhan Taş

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR24006

Abstract

Mevcut araştırma, Türkiye’nin kuzeyinde Yeşilırmak Deltası’ndaki Terme sulak alanlarında yaygın bulunan etnobotanik ve tıbbi açıdan önemli sucul/yarı-sucul makrofitlerin belgelenmesi için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sucul bitkilerin etno-medical potansiyelini belirlemek için yöre halkının etnobotanik bilgisi kullanılmamış, konuyla ilgili yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Yeşilırmak Deltası’nda farklı özellik, derinlik ve büyüklüklerde zengin lentik ve lotik sistemler bulunmaktadır. Çeşitli rahatsızlıkların tedavisinde kullanılan ve literatürlerde biyoaktif özellikleri belirtilen makrofitler beş yıl süren (2017-2022) saha araştırmaları ile toplanmış ve tanımlanmıştır. Yapılan incelemelerde Terme sulak alanlarının makrofit çeşitliliği bakımından oldukça zengin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Alanda etno-tıbbi potansiyeli olan 14 familyaya bağlı 18 cins ve 22 makrofit taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Bitkiler sucul/yarı-sucul habitatlarda emers, submers, yüzen yapraklı ve serbest yüzen yapraklı türlerden oluşmaktadır. Farklı mevsimlerde bazı makrofitlerin (Azolla filiculoides Lam., Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm., Salvinia natans (L.) All., Ceratophyllum demersum L., Ranunculus sphaerospermus Boiss. & Blanche, R. trichophyllus Chaix) aşırı çoğaldıkları gözlenmiştir. Literatür araştırmalarında, mevcut su bitkilerinin biyoaktif bileşenlerce zengin olduğu, antimikrobiyal, antioksidan, antienflamatuvar vb. etkilerinin yanı sıra endüstrinin farklı alanlarında kullanım potansiyelinin de olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma bulguları Yeşilırmak Deltası’nın etnobotanik sucul bitki zenginliği bakımından önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Türkiye’de tıbbi bitki olarak su bitkileri göz ardı edilmiştir. Oysa yapılan araştırmalarda sulak alanlarda yaygın bulunan bu bitkilerin doğal, ticari, farmakolojik olarak kullanım potansiyelleri yüksektir. Sulak alanların sucul bitki çeşitliliğinin ve potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi etnobotanik araştırmaları destekleyebilir. Yenilebilir ve biyoaktif bileşenlerce zengin makrofitler bölgenin ekonomik, ekolojik ve sosyokültürel faaliyetlerine katkı sağlayabilir. Aynı zamanda, son yıllarda artan antropojenik faaliyetlerin baskısı altında olan sulak alanların korunmasını da sağlayabilir. Birçok fonksiyonel özelliklere sahip olan sulak alanların korunması, gelecekte etkisini artırması beklenen küresel iklim değişikliğinden en az oranda etkilenmesi, doğal dengenin ve biyoçeşitliliğin sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması bakımından oldukça önemlidir.

Keywords

Antropojenik Baskı, Etnobotanik, Etnomedikal, Makrofit, Sulak Alan Tıbbi Bitkileri

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Common macrophytes with potential for ethnobotany and medicinal in the Terme wetlands of the Yeşilırmak Delta

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 51 - 73, 02.04.2024

Halim Topaldemir Beyhan Taş

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR24006

Abstract

The current research aimed to document the ethnobotany and medical important aquatic/semi-aquatic macrophytes common in the Terme wetlands in the Yeşilırmak Delta in northern Türkiye. To determine the ethno-medical potential of aquatic plants, the ethnobotanical knowledge of the local people was not used, and scientific studies on the subject were evaluated. There are rich lentic and lotic systems with different features, depths and sizes in the Yeşilırmak Delta. Macrophytes, used in the treatment of various ailments and whose bioactive properties are mentioned in the literature, were collected and identified through field research lasting five years (2017-2022). In the examinations, it was determined that Terme wetlands are very rich in terms of macrophyte diversity. A total of 22 water plant species with ethno-medicinal characteristics, belonging to 18 genera and 14 families, were documented from Terme wetlands. Plants consist of emerged, submersed, floating, and free-floating leaf species in aquatic/semi-aquatic habitats. It has been determined that some macrophytes (Azolla filiculoides Lam., Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm., Salvinia natans (L.) All., Ceratophyllum demersum L., Ranunculus sphaerospermus Boiss & Blanche, R. trichophyllus Chaix ex Vill.) overgrow in different seasons. Literature research shows that existing aquatic plants are rich in bioactive compounds, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc. In addition to its effects, it has also been shown that it has the potential to be used in different areas of industry. Study findings show that Yeşilırmak Delta has significant potential in ethnobotanical aquatic plant richness. Aquatic plants have been ignored as medicinal plants in Türkiye. However, research shows that these plants, common in wetlands, have high potential for natural, commercial and pharmacological use. Determining the aquatic plant diversity and potential of wetlands can support ethnobotanical research. Macrophytes rich in edible and bioactive components can contribute to the region's economic, ecological and sociocultural activities. It can also ensure the protection of wetlands, which have been under increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities in recent years. Preserving wetlands, which have many functional features, is very important in terms of being least affected by global climate change, which is expected to increase its impact in the future and ensure the sustainability of natural balance and biodiversity.

Keywords

Anthropogenic Pressure, Ethnobotany, Ethnomedical, Macrophyte, Wetland Medicinal Plants

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Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Botany (Other)
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Halim Topaldemir 0000-0002-4494-9715 Beyhan Taş 0000-0001-6421-2561
Early Pub Date	February 16, 2024
Publication Date	April 2, 2024
Submission Date	October 17, 2023
Acceptance Date	December 7, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2024Volume: 7 Issue: 2

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APA	Topaldemir, H., & Taş, B. (2024). Yeşilırmak deltası Terme sulak alanlarında etnobotanik ve tıbbi potansiyele sahip yaygın makrofitler. Aquatic Research, 7(2), 51-73. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR24006

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