Ilıman iklim kuşağındaki bir kıyısal ırmak-sulak alanında pelajik mikrobiyal su kalitesinin zamansal ve mekânsal değişimi

Beyhan Taş; Halim Topaldemir; Fikret Ustaoğlu; Zeynep Koloren

doi:10.3153/AR23018

EN TR

Temporal and spatial variations of pelagic microbial water quality in a coastal river-wetland area in a temperate climate zone

Abstract

The introduction of anthropogenic pollutant loads into wetlands rapidly deteriorates water quality. This study was conducted in the Miliç River, a region with intense agricultural activities and coastal wetland characteristics. The Miliç wetland (fluvial wetland) is a receiving environment where the Terme Plain's drainage waters and the scattered settlements' waters are collected before they are poured into the Black Sea. In the study, monthly surface water samples were taken from four different sampling points of the Miliç River in the temperate climate zone, and total coliform, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens contamination from fecal indicators were investigated. Microbiological analyses were performed using standard methods with membrane filtration. The average colony count of the water samples at different stations in the Miliç River was determined as 2022 CFU/100 mL, 455 CFU/100 mL, and 34 CFU/100 mL for total coliform, E. coli, and C. perfringens, respectively. The highest fecal pollution was recorded during the rainy seasons (winter>autumn>spring>summer). In the correlation between stations and seasons, the highest correlation was determined for E. coli in winter (r= 0.985, p<0.05) and for C. perfringens in autumn (r=0.958, p<0.05). Analysis results show that there is fecal pollution in Miliç coastal wetlands. According to the bacteriological parameters in the Surface Water Quality Regulation, wetland water ranks II in total coliform bacteria count. The class is of water quality (slightly contaminated water). Regarding this parameter, the ecological status of the river-wetland is in the “good” water class. In terms of microbiological water quality, the Miliç River has values that are not very polluted but under the pressure of pollution. In order not to increase the level of fecal contamination, direct mixing of domestic waste/ wastewater, animal manures, industrial wastewater/rainwater channels, and drainage channels from settlements and agricultural areas in the wetland basin should be prevented, and the public should be made aware of the necessary precautions to be taken.

Keywords

Ilıman iklim kuşağındaki bir kıyısal ırmak-sulak alanında pelajik mikrobiyal su kalitesinin zamansal ve mekânsal değişimi

Öz

Sulak alanlara antropojenik kaynaklı kirletici yüklerin girmesi su kalitesini hızla bozmaktadır. Bu çalışma, tarımsal faaliyetlerin yoğun olduğu bir bölgede bulunan, kıyısal sulak alan özelliklerine sahip Miliç Irmağı’nda yapılmıştır. Miliç sulak alanı Terme Ovası’nın drenaj suları ile dağınık yerleşim alanlarından gelen suların Karadeniz’e dökülmeden önce toplandığı bir alıcı ortamdır. Çalışmada, ılıman iklim kuşağında bulunan Miliç Irmağı’nın dört farklı örnekleme noktasından aylık olarak yüzeysel su örnekleri alınıp, fekal indikatörlerden toplam koliform, Escherichia coli ve Clostridium perfringens kontaminasyonu incelenmiştir. Mikrobiyolojik analizler, membran filtrasyonu ile standart metotlar kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Miliç Irmağı’nda farklı istasyonlardaki su numunelerinin ortalama koloni sayısı toplam koliform, E. coli ve C. perfringens için sırasıyla 2022 KOB/100 mL, 455 KOB/100 mL ve 34 KOB/100 mL olarak belirlenmiştir. En yüksek fekal kontaminasyon yağışlı sezonlarda (kış>sonbahar>ilkbahar>yaz) kaydedilmiştir. İstasyonlar ve mevsimler arasında yapılan korelasyonda en yüksek ilişki E. coli için kış (r= 0.985, p<0.05), C. perfringens için sonbaharda (r=0.958, p<0.05) belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları, Miliç kıyısal sulak alanında fekal kontaminasyonun olduğunu göstermektedir. Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği’ndeki bakteriyolojik parametrelere göre, sulak alan suyu toplam koliform bakteri sayısı bakımından II. Sınıf su kalitesindedir (az kirlenmiş su). Bu parametre bakımından akarsu-sulak alanın ekolojik durumu “iyi” su sınıfında yer alır. Mikrobiyolojik su kalitesi yönünden, Miliç Irmağı çok kirli olmayan, fakat kirlilik baskısı altında değerlere sahiptir. Fekal kontaminasyon düzeyinin artmaması için sulak alan havzasındaki yerleşim ve tarım alanlardan gelen evsel atıkların/atıksuların, hayvansal gübrelerin, sanayi atıksu/yağmur suyu kanalının ve drenaj kanallarının doğrudan akarsuya karışması engellenmeli, gerekli tedbirlerin alınması konusunda halk bilinçlendirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Supporting Institution

Ordu Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

B–1912

Thanks

Ordu Halk Sağlığı Laboratuvarı’na, Biyolog Bülent KAYNAK ve Biyolog Kasım DEMİR’e analizlerdeki destekleri için teşekkür ederiz.

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Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

Hydrobiology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Beyhan Taş
0000-0001-6421-2561
Türkiye

Halim Topaldemir
0000-0002-4494-9715
Türkiye

Fikret Ustaoğlu
0000-0002-8195-8557
Türkiye

Zeynep Koloren ^*
0000-0001-9708-2716
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

June 27, 2023

Publication Date

July 17, 2023

Submission Date

May 4, 2023

Acceptance Date

May 30, 2023

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 6 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR23018

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA36US36YD

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Taş, B., Topaldemir, H., Ustaoğlu, F., & Koloren, Z. (2023). Ilıman iklim kuşağındaki bir kıyısal ırmak-sulak alanında pelajik mikrobiyal su kalitesinin zamansal ve mekânsal değişimi. Aquatic Research, 6(3), 175-188. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR23018