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Marmara denizi körfezlerinin baskı–etki durumu ve ötrofikasyon açısından değerlendirilmesi

Year 2021, , 169 - 180, 01.04.2021

İbrahim Tan

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR21014

Abstract

Marmara Denizi’ndeki kapalı ya da kapalı körfezlerde su kalış süresi uzun olduğundan kara kökenli kirleticiler organik madde zenginleşmesine ve sonrasında ötrofikasyona neden olabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda İzmit, Gemlik, Bandırma ve Erdek Körfez’lerinde insan aktivitelerinden kaynaklı baskıların ortaya koyulabilmesi için Baskı İndeksi yöntemi kullanılmış ve bu yöntemin uygunluğu ilk kez test edilmiştir. Baskıların değerlendirmesi sonucunda İzmit, Gemlik iç ve Bandırma Körfezi üzerindeki baskıların yüksek, buna karşın Erdek ve Gemlik dış Körfez’lerindeki baskıların orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu körfezlerde gerçekleştirilen izleme çalışmalarına ait besin elementleri, klorofil-a ve seki disk verileri ötrofikasyon açısından “Kentsel Atık Suların Arıtımı Yönetmeliği Hassas ve Az Hassas Alanlar Tebliği” ve “Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği” eşik değerleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Yönetmeliklere göre baskı indeks değerlerinin değerlendirmelerde farklılıklar olsa da İzmit, Gemlik iç ve Bandırma Körfez’lerinde ötrofik - hipertrofik, Erdek ve Gemlik dış Körfez’lerinde ise mezotrofik koşulların hakim olduğu saptanmıştır. Kıyı sularının yönetmeliklerce değerlendirilmesinde farklı değişkenler ve sınır değerler kullanılmasından ötürü sonuçlarda farklılıklar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yönetmeliklerin tek başlık altında toplanması yanında ötrofikasyon değerlendirmesine biyolojik kalite elemanlarının da dahil edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Marmara Denizi Ötrofikasyon Baskı-etki Kıyı suları Kirlilik

Thanks

Bu verilerin üretilmesinde katkı sağlayan TÜBİTAK MAM ÇTÜE deniz ve iç sular grubu personeli ile R/V TÜBİTAK Marmara gemisi çalışanlarına teşekkürü bir borç bilirim. Yayının düzeltme okumasını yapan Dr. Gülsima D. Usluer ve Alper Evcen’e de yardımlarından ötürü teşekkür ederim.

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Evaluation of Marmara Sea bays in terms of pressure-impact status and eutrophication

Year 2021, , 169 - 180, 01.04.2021

İbrahim Tan

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR21014

Abstract

Closed or semi-enclosed bays in the Marmara Sea, which have long residence time, can be exposed to eutrophication as a result of organic matter enrichment from land-based pollutants. The Pressure Index method was tested for the first time in this study in order to reveal the pressure exerted by land-based sources on Izmit, Gemlik, Bandırma and Erdek Bays. As a result of the evaluation of the pressures, it was determined that the pressures on Izmit, Gemlik inner and Bandırma Bay were high, whereas Erdek and Gemlik Outer Bays were under moderate pressure. In terms of eutrophication, the nutrient, chlorophyll-a and secchi disk data of the monitoring studies carried out in the bays were compared with the limit values of the “Urban Wastewater Treatment Regulation Sensitive” and “Less Sensitive Areas Declaration and the Surface Water Quality Regulation”. Although there are differences according to the regulations, it has been determined that Izmit, Gemlik (Inner) and Bandırma Bays have eutrophic-hypertrophic conditions, Erdek and Gemlik (Outer) Bays have mesotrophic conditions. There are differences in the results due to the use of different variables and limit values in the evaluation of coastal waters by regulations. In addition to collecting regulations under a single heading, it is recommended to include biological quality elements in the eutrophication assessment.

Keywords

Marmara Sea Eutrophication Pressure – impact Coastal waters Pollution

References

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  • Gardi C., Bosco C., Rusco E., Montanerella L. (2010). An analysis of the land use sustainability index (LUSI) at the territorial scale based on corine land cover. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 21(5), 680-694. https://doi.org/10.1108/14777831011067953
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  • Küçükali, U.F. (2013). Basin-Scale Ecological Risk Assessment Methodology, Example Of Nilufer Creek And Its Subbasins. Journal of International Scientific Publications:Ecology & Safety, 7(3), 1313-2563.
  • Lopez y R., Cecilia S., Pergent G., Casazza G. (2009). Assessing Human-Induced Pressures on Coastal Areas With Publicly Available Data. Journal of Environmental Management, 90, 1494-1501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.10.007
  • MED-GIG Phytoplankton (2011). Test of LUSI index (eutrophication) on French data transmitted for the Phytoplankton GIG-MED Second Round intercalibration exercise. Techincal Report Coastal Waters, European Comission.
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There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Maritime Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İbrahim Tan 0000-0002-4948-7687

Publication Date April 1, 2021
Submission Date September 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Tan, İ. (2021). Marmara denizi körfezlerinin baskı–etki durumu ve ötrofikasyon açısından değerlendirilmesi. Aquatic Research, 4(2), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR21014

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