Soğukta Muhafaza Edilen Brokoli Çeşitlerinin (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica cvs. Belstar ve Beaumont) Depolama Süresi ve Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Modifiye Atmosfer Paketlemenin Etkisi
Öz
Bu çalışmada, Tekirdağ ekolojisinde yetiştirilen Belstar ve Beaumont brokoli çeşitlerinin soğukta muhafaza süresi ve kalite özellikleri üzerine modifiye atmosfer paketlemenin (MAP) etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ambalajlanan ve kontrol grubu oluşturulan brokoli taçları 2±1oC sıcaklık ve % 90-95 oransal nemde 4 hafta süre ile muhafaza edilmiştir. Soğukta muhafaza süresince birer haftalık aralıklar ile ağırlık kaybı, toplam fenolik bileşik miktarı, antioksidan kapasitesi, toplam klorofil miktarı ve dış görünüş değerlerindeki değişimler belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, kontrol grubu taçlarında modifiye atmosfer paketler de muhafaza edilen taçlara göre daha yüksek ağırlık kaybı meydana gelmiştir. İncelenen her iki çeşitte, depolama süresince toplam fenolik bileşik, antioksidan kapasitesi ve toplam klorofil miktarı bakımından değişkenlikler gözlemlenmekle birlikte, muhafaza süresi sonun da her iki çeşitte MAP uygulanmış taçların daha yüksek içeriğe sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Soğukta muhafaza süresince hem açıkta hem de MAP’da muhafaza edilen brokoli taçlarının dış görünüşün de kayıplar belirlenmiştir. Fakat MAP uygulaması ile dış görünüşte meydana gelen kayıp sınırlandırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak MAP, soğukta muhafaza edilen brokoli taçlarının kalitesini korumak için bir araç olarak kullanılabileceği önerilebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Brokoli modifiye atmosfer paketleme antioksidan ağırlık kaybı klorofil miktarı
Kaynakça
- Ağar, İ.T., Kafkas, S., Kaşka, N., 1997. Variation in kernel chlorophyll content of different pistachio varieties grown in six countries. Acta Horticulturae, 470: 372-377.
- Anonim, 2011. Brokoli Yetiştiriciliği. http://megep.meb.gov.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: 20.06.2016).
- Anonim, 2016. Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. www.tuik.gov.tr (Erişim tarihi: 01.12.2016).
- Bahorun, T., Luximon-Ramma, A., Crozier, A., Aruoma, O.I., 2004. Total phenolic, flavonoid, proanthocyanidin and vitamin C levels and antioxidant activities of mauritian vegetables. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 84(12): 1553-1561.
- Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E., Berset, C., 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science and Technology, 28(1): 25-30.
- Cemeroğlu, B., Yemenicioğlu, A., Özkan, M., 2001. Meyve ve Sebzelerin Bileşimi Soğukta Depolanmaları. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları No: 24, Ankara.
- Costa, M.L., Civello, P.M., Chaves, A.R., Martinez, G.A., 2005. Effect of hot air treatments on senescence and quality parameters of harvested broccoli heads. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85(7): 1154-1160.
- Eşiyok, D., Salman, M.H., Şen, F., Aşçıoğul, T.K., 2010. Bazı brokkoli çeşitlerinde raf ömrü süresince kalite değişimlerinin belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(1): 79-86.
- Fernandez-Leon, M.F., Fernandez-Leon, A.M., Lozano, M., Ayuso, M.C., Amodio, M.L., Colelli, G., Gonzalez-Gomez, D., 2013. Retention of quality and functional values of broccoli ‘Parthenon’ stored in modified atmosphere packaging. Food Control, 31(2): 302-313.
- Gnanasekharan, V., Shewfelt, R.L., Chinnan, M.S., 1992. Detection of color changes in green vegetables. Journal of Food Science, 57(1): 149-154.
- Jia, C.G., Xu, C.J., Wei, J., Yuan, J., Yuan, G.F., Wang, B.L., Wang, Q.M., 2009. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on visual quality and glucosinolates of broccoli florets. Food Chemistry, 114(1): 28-37.
- Kader, A.A., 2002. Postharvest technology of horticultural crops. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Nat. Resources, Oakland.
- Karaçalı, İ., 2002. Bahçe Ürünleri Muhafazası ve Pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 494, İzmir.
- Leja, M., Mareczek, A., Starzynska, A., Rozek, S., 2001. Antioxidant ability of broccoli flower buds during short-term storage. Food Chemistry, 72(2): 219-222.
- Lima, G.P., Machado, T.M., Oliveira, L.M., Borges, L.S., Pedrosa, V.A., Vanzani, P., Vianello, F., 2014. Ozonated water and chlorine effects on the antioxidant properties of organic and conventional broccoli during postharvest. Scientia Agricola, 71(2): 151-156.
- Lipton, W.J., Haris, C.M., 1974. Controlled atmosphere effects on the market quality of stored broccoli. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 99: 200-205.
- Makhlouf, J., Castaigne, F., Arul, J., Willemot, C., Gosselin, A., 1989. Long-term storage of broccoli under controlled atmosphere. HortScience, 24: 637-639.
- Nath, A., Bagchi, B., Misra, L.K., Deka, B.C., 2011. Changes in postharvest phytochemical qualities of broccoli florets during ambient and refrigerated storage. Food Chemistry, 127(4): 1510-1514.
- Sabır, F.K., 2012. Postharvest quality response of broccoli florets to combined application of 1-methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere. Agricultural and Food Science, 21(4): 421-429.
- Serrano, M., Martinez-Romero, D., Guillen, F., Castillo, S., Valero, D., 2006. Maintenance of broccoli quality and functional properties during cold storage as affected by modified atmosphere packaging. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 39(1): 61-68.
- Shewfelt, R.L., Batal, K.M., Heaton, E.K., 1983. Broccoli storage: Effect of N6- benzyladenine, packaging, and icing on color of fresh broccoli. Journal of Food Science, 48(6): 1594-1597.
- Slinkard, K., Singleton, V.L., 1977. Total phenol analysis: Automation and comparision with manual method. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28(1): 49-55.
- Singh, J., Upadhyay, A.K., Prasad, K., Bahadur, A., Rai, M., 2007. Variability of carotenes, vitamin C, E and phenolics in Brassica vegetables. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20: 106-112.
- Topçu, Y., Doğan, A., Kasımoğlu, Z., Nadeem, N.S., Polat, E., Erkan, M., 2015. The effects of UV radiation during the vegetative period on antioxidant compounds and postharvest quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 93: 56-65.
- Zhang, D., Hamauzu, Y., 2004. Phenolics, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and antioxidant activity of broccoli and their changes during conventional and microwave cooking. Food Chemistry, 88(4): 503-509.
Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Storage Duration and Quality Characteristics of Broccoli Cultivars (Brassica oleracea L., var. italica cvs. Belstar ve Beaumont)
Öz
In this study, the effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the shelf-life and quality characteristics of
Belstar and Beaumont broccoli cvs. grown in Tekirdağ ecology were evaluated. Packaged broccoli crowns and control
groups were stored at 2±1 o
C and 90-95% relative humidity for 4 weeks. Variations in weight loss, total phenolic compound
content, antioxidant content, total chlorophyll content and external appearance were determined during cold storage period
at weekly intervals. As a result of the research, the weight loss of the control group crowns was higher than that of the
crowns which was kept in the modified atmosphere packs.. In both cultivars examined, although variations were observed in
terms of total phenolic compound, antioxidant capacity and total chlorophyll content during storage; it was found that the
MAP applied heads of both cultivars had higher contents at the end of storage period. During cold storage, significant losses
in appearance in both control group and MAP treated heads were observed. But with the MAP application, the loss from
external appearance is limited. Thus, it can be suggested that the MAP can be used as a tool to maintain the quality of
broccoli crowns stored in the cold.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Broccoli modified atmosphere packing antioxidant weight loss chlorophyll content
Kaynakça
- Ağar, İ.T., Kafkas, S., Kaşka, N., 1997. Variation in kernel chlorophyll content of different pistachio varieties grown in six countries. Acta Horticulturae, 470: 372-377.
- Anonim, 2011. Brokoli Yetiştiriciliği. http://megep.meb.gov.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: 20.06.2016).
- Anonim, 2016. Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. www.tuik.gov.tr (Erişim tarihi: 01.12.2016).
- Bahorun, T., Luximon-Ramma, A., Crozier, A., Aruoma, O.I., 2004. Total phenolic, flavonoid, proanthocyanidin and vitamin C levels and antioxidant activities of mauritian vegetables. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 84(12): 1553-1561.
- Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E., Berset, C., 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science and Technology, 28(1): 25-30.
- Cemeroğlu, B., Yemenicioğlu, A., Özkan, M., 2001. Meyve ve Sebzelerin Bileşimi Soğukta Depolanmaları. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları No: 24, Ankara.
- Costa, M.L., Civello, P.M., Chaves, A.R., Martinez, G.A., 2005. Effect of hot air treatments on senescence and quality parameters of harvested broccoli heads. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85(7): 1154-1160.
- Eşiyok, D., Salman, M.H., Şen, F., Aşçıoğul, T.K., 2010. Bazı brokkoli çeşitlerinde raf ömrü süresince kalite değişimlerinin belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(1): 79-86.
- Fernandez-Leon, M.F., Fernandez-Leon, A.M., Lozano, M., Ayuso, M.C., Amodio, M.L., Colelli, G., Gonzalez-Gomez, D., 2013. Retention of quality and functional values of broccoli ‘Parthenon’ stored in modified atmosphere packaging. Food Control, 31(2): 302-313.
- Gnanasekharan, V., Shewfelt, R.L., Chinnan, M.S., 1992. Detection of color changes in green vegetables. Journal of Food Science, 57(1): 149-154.
- Jia, C.G., Xu, C.J., Wei, J., Yuan, J., Yuan, G.F., Wang, B.L., Wang, Q.M., 2009. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on visual quality and glucosinolates of broccoli florets. Food Chemistry, 114(1): 28-37.
- Kader, A.A., 2002. Postharvest technology of horticultural crops. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, Nat. Resources, Oakland.
- Karaçalı, İ., 2002. Bahçe Ürünleri Muhafazası ve Pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 494, İzmir.
- Leja, M., Mareczek, A., Starzynska, A., Rozek, S., 2001. Antioxidant ability of broccoli flower buds during short-term storage. Food Chemistry, 72(2): 219-222.
- Lima, G.P., Machado, T.M., Oliveira, L.M., Borges, L.S., Pedrosa, V.A., Vanzani, P., Vianello, F., 2014. Ozonated water and chlorine effects on the antioxidant properties of organic and conventional broccoli during postharvest. Scientia Agricola, 71(2): 151-156.
- Lipton, W.J., Haris, C.M., 1974. Controlled atmosphere effects on the market quality of stored broccoli. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 99: 200-205.
- Makhlouf, J., Castaigne, F., Arul, J., Willemot, C., Gosselin, A., 1989. Long-term storage of broccoli under controlled atmosphere. HortScience, 24: 637-639.
- Nath, A., Bagchi, B., Misra, L.K., Deka, B.C., 2011. Changes in postharvest phytochemical qualities of broccoli florets during ambient and refrigerated storage. Food Chemistry, 127(4): 1510-1514.
- Sabır, F.K., 2012. Postharvest quality response of broccoli florets to combined application of 1-methylcyclopropene and modified atmosphere. Agricultural and Food Science, 21(4): 421-429.
- Serrano, M., Martinez-Romero, D., Guillen, F., Castillo, S., Valero, D., 2006. Maintenance of broccoli quality and functional properties during cold storage as affected by modified atmosphere packaging. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 39(1): 61-68.
- Shewfelt, R.L., Batal, K.M., Heaton, E.K., 1983. Broccoli storage: Effect of N6- benzyladenine, packaging, and icing on color of fresh broccoli. Journal of Food Science, 48(6): 1594-1597.
- Slinkard, K., Singleton, V.L., 1977. Total phenol analysis: Automation and comparision with manual method. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28(1): 49-55.
- Singh, J., Upadhyay, A.K., Prasad, K., Bahadur, A., Rai, M., 2007. Variability of carotenes, vitamin C, E and phenolics in Brassica vegetables. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 20: 106-112.
- Topçu, Y., Doğan, A., Kasımoğlu, Z., Nadeem, N.S., Polat, E., Erkan, M., 2015. The effects of UV radiation during the vegetative period on antioxidant compounds and postharvest quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 93: 56-65.
- Zhang, D., Hamauzu, Y., 2004. Phenolics, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and antioxidant activity of broccoli and their changes during conventional and microwave cooking. Food Chemistry, 88(4): 503-509.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Haziran 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2 |
Kaynak Göster
Cited By
Brokoliden (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) biyoaktif bileşen ekstraksiyonu ve Taguchi yöntemi ile optimizasyonu
Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1120580
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