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Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 278 - 285, 01.04.2017

Gülin Renda Nurdan Yazıcı Bektaş Büşra Korkmaz Gonca Çelik Serhat Sevgi Nurettin Yaylı

https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.300353

Öz

Volatile compounds of three Stachys species; Stachys macrantha
(C. Koch) Stearn, Stachys sylvatica L. and Stachys annua ssp.
annua var. annua L. were analyzed by a solid phase micro
extraction (SPME) method coupled with gas chromatographyflame
ionization detector (GC–FID) and gas chromatographymass
spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 38 (99.2%), 39 (99.0%)
and 33 (98.8%) volatile compounds were identified from S.
annua ssp. annua var. annua, S. sylvatica and S. macrantha
respectively. The major volatile constituents of the investigated
three Stachys species were; α-pinene (11.2%), p-cymene (18.2%),
and carvacrol (28.8%) in S. macrantha, γ-muurolene (10.2%),
α-cedrene (11.2%), and limonene (37.0%) in S. sylvatica and
α-pinene (11,4%), β-pinene (23.1%), and (Z)-β-ocimene
(24.8%) in S. annua ssp. annua var. annua. Comparison of
volatile organic compounds of all three species showed that
monoterpene hydrocarbons were the major constituents in S.
annua ssp. annua var. annua and S. sylvatica (65.8% and 49.8%
respectively), whereas oxygenated monoterpenes were the main
components (42.1%) of S. macrantha.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Stachys macrantha Stachys sylvatica Stachys annua ssp. annua var. annua Lamiaceae volatile compounds SPME

Kaynakça

  • 1. Bhattacharjee R. Stachys L. In: Flora of Turkey and East AegeanIslands, vol. 7. Editor: Davis PH. Edinburgh University Press.Edinburgh. 1982, pp. 199-262.
  • 2. Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K. Flora of Turkey and the East AegeanIslands, vol. 10. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. 1988,pp. 204-216.
  • 3. Duman H. Stachys L. In: Flora of Turkey and the East AegeanIslands, vol. 11. Editors: Guner A, Ozhatay N, Ekim T, BaşerKHC. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. 2000, pp. 204-206.
  • 4. Dinc M, Doğu S. Stachys gaziantepensis (Lamiaceae), a newspecies from South Anatolia, Turkey. Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences of India-Section B, BiologicalSciences; 2015: 1-5.
  • 5. Guner O, Akcicek E. A new record for flora of Turkey:Stachys megalodonta Hausskn. & Bornm. ex P.H.Davis subsp.megalodonta (Lamiaceae). Bağbahce Bil Derg 2015; 2: 27-32.
  • 6. Akcicek E, Firat M, Guner O. Stachys hakkariensis (Lamiaceae),a new species from eastern Anatolia (Turkey) belonging toStachys sect. Olisia. Phytotaxa 2016; 257: 167-73.
  • 7. Altundag E, Ozturk M. Ethnomedicinal studies on the plantresources of east Anatolia, Turkey. Procedia Soc Behav Sci2011; 19: 756-77.
  • 8. Mukemre M, Behcet L, Cakilcioğlu U. Ethnobotanical studyon medicinal plants in villages of Catak (Van-Turkey). JEthnopharmacol 2015; 166: 361-74.
  • 9. Ozdemir E, Alpinar K. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinalplants in western part of central Taurus Mountains: Aladağlar(Nigde – Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 166: 53-65.
  • 10. Polat R, Cakilcioğlu U, Kaltalioğlu K, Ulusan MD, Turkmen Z.An ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in Espiye and itssurrounding (Giresun-Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 163:1-11.
  • 11. Viegi L, Pieroni A, Guarrera PM, Vangelisti R. A review ofplants used in folk veterinary medicine in Italy as basis for adatabank. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 89: 221-44.
  • 12. Manganelli REU, Tomei FCPE. Curing animals with plants:Traditional usage in Tuscany (Italy). J Ethnopharmacol 2001;78: 171-91.
  • 13. Cornara L, La Rocca A, Terrizzano L, Dente F, Mariotti MG.Ethnobotanical and phytomedical knowledge in the North-Western Ligurian Alps. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 155: 453-84.
  • 14. Başer KHC, Buchbauer G. Handbook of Essential Oils,Science, Technology and Applications. CRC Press, BocaRaton. 2010.
  • 15. Pawliszyn J. Solid Phase Microextraction: Theory and Practice.Wiley-VCH, New York, USA. 1997.
  • 16. Radnai E, Dobos A, Veres K, Mathe I, Janicsak G, BlundenG, Toth L. Essential oils in some Stachys species growing inHungary. Acta Hort 2003; 597: 137-42.
  • 17. Trillini B, Pellegrino R, Bini LM. Essential oil composition ofStachys sylvatica L. from Italy. Flavour Frag J 2004; 19: 330-2.
  • 18. Vudnac VB, Pfeifhofer HW, Branther AH, Males Z, PlazibatM. Essential oils of seven Stachys taxa from Croatia. BiochemSyst Ecol 2006; 34: 875-81.
  • 19. Haznagy-Radnai E, Czigle S, Mathe I. TLC and GC analysisof the essential oils of Stachys species. J Planar Chromatogr -Mod TLC 2007; 20: 189-96.
  • 20. Hajdari A, Novak J, Mustafa B, Franz C. Essential oilcomposition and antioxidant activity of Stachys sylvatica L.(Lamiaceae) from different wild populations in Kosovo. NatProd Res 2012; 26: 1676-81.
  • 21. Dimitrova-Dyulgerova I, Merdzhanov P, Todorov K,Seymenska D, Stoyanov P, Mladenov R, Stoyanove A. Essentialoils composition of Betonica officinalis L. and Stachys sylvaticaL. (Lamiaceae) from Bulgaria. CR Acad Bulg Sci 2015; 68: 991-8.
  • 22. Venditti A, Bianco A, Quassinti L, Bramucci M, LupidiG, Damiano S, Papa F, Vittori S, Maleci BL, Giuliani C.Phytochemical Analysis, biological activity, and secretorystructures of Stachys annua (L.) L. subsp. annua (Lamiaceae)from Central Italy. Chem Biodiv 2015; 12: 1172-83.
  • 23. Renda G, Tosun G, Yaylı N. SPME GC/MS Analysis of ThreeOrnithogalum L. species from Turkey. Rec Nat Prod 2016; 10:497-502.
  • 24. Aliyazicioğlu R, Tosun G, Yayli N, Eyupoğlu OE.Characterisation of volatile compounds by SPME and GCFID/MS of capers (Capparis spinosa L.). Afr J Agric Res 2015;10: 2213-7.
  • 25. Yayli B, Tosun G, Karakose M, Renda G, Yayli N. SPME/GC-MS Analysis of volatile organic compounds from threeLamiaceae Species (Nepeta conferta Hedge & Lamond,Origanum onites L. and Satureja cuneifolia Ten.) growing inTurkey. Asian J Chem 2014; 26: 2541-4.
  • 26. Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gaschromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy, 3rd ed. Editor:Carol Stream, Allured Publishing Corporation. Illinois. 2001.
  • 27. Bicchi C, Liberto E, Matteodo M, Sgorbini B, Mondello L,Zellner BA, Costa R, Rubiolo P. Quantitative analysis ofessential oils: A complex task. Flav Fragr J 2008; 23: 382-91.
  • 28. Mondello L, Tranchida PQ, Dugo P, Dugo G. Comprehensivetwo-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Areview. Mass Spectrom Rev 2008; 27: 101-24.
  • 29. Zellner BA, Dugo P, Dugo G, Mondello L. Gas chromatographyolfactometryin food flavour analysis. J Chromatogr A 2008;1186: 123-43.
  • 30. Rasoanaivo P, Ralaibia E, Maggi F, Papa F, Vittori S, NicolettiM. Phytochemical investigation of the essential oil fromthe “resurrection plant” Myrothamnus moschatus (Baillon)Niedenzu endemic to Madagascar. J Essent Oil Res 2012; 24:299-304.
  • 31. Ansorena D, Astiasaran I, Bello J. Influence of the simultaneousaddition of the protease flavourzyme and the lipase novozyme677BG on dry fermented sausage compounds extracted bySDE and analyzed by GC-MS. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:2395 2400.
  • 32. Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gaschromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy, 3rd ed. Editor:Carol Stream, Allured Publishing Corporation. Illinois. 1995and 2005.
  • 33. Yu Q, Bi JX, Yan Z, Yun Z, Gang F, Xiao LY, Si YP.Characterization of aroma active compounds in fruit juiceand peel oil of Jinchen sweet orange fruit (Citrus sinensis (L.)Osbeck) by GC-MS and GC-O. Molecules 2008; 13: 1333-44.
  • 34. Xuan C, Rong-zhang M, Jing-jing Z, Hong-yan Z, Xiang-lingZ, Ri-ru Z, Cai-yun W. Analysis of aroma-active compoundsin three sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) cultivars byGC-olfactometry and GC-MS. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed& Biotechnol) 2014; 15: 638 48.
  • 35. Kahriman N, Tosun G, Genc H, Yayli N. Comparativeessential oil analysis of Geranium sylvaticum estracted byhydrodistillation and microwave distillation. Turk J Chem2010; 34: 969-76.
  • 36. Shahin M, Mohsen K. Essential oil constituents of Nigellasativa from Iran. J Biol Environ Sci 2015; 9: 135-6.
  • 37. Simic A, Sokovic MD, Ristic M, Grujic-Jovanovic S, VukojeviJ, Marin PD. The chemical composition of some Lauraceaeessential oils and their antifungal activities. Phytother Res2004; 18: 713-7.
  • 38. Cedric B, Gilles C, Florence P. Solid-phase microextractionof volatile compounds from flowers of two Brunfelsia species.Biochem Syst Ecol 2006; 34: 371 5.
  • 39. Mahattanatawee K, Goodner KL, Baldwin EA. Volatileconstituents and character impact compounds of selectedFlorida’s tropical fruit. Proc Fla State Hort Soc 2005; 118: 414-8.
  • 40. Boylston TD, Viniyard BT. Isolation of volatile flavorcompounds from peanut butter using purge-and-traptechnique in Instrumental methods in food and beverageanalysis. Editors: Wetzel D, Charalambous G. 1998, pp. 225243.
  • 41. Danijela V, Milka M, Sanja C, Marija ES. Comparison ofessential oil profiles of Satureja montana L. and endemicsatureja visianii Šilic. Jeobp 2009; 12: 273-81.
  • 42. Garcia-Estaban M, Ansorena D, Astiasaran I, Martin D, RuizJ. Comparison of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE)and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the analysis ofvolatile compounds in dry-cured ham. J Sci Food Agric 2004;84: 1364-70.
  • 43. Tundis R, Peruzzi L, Menichini F. Phytochemical and biologicalstudies of Stachys species in relation to chemotaxonomy: Areview. Phytochem 2014; 102: 7-39.
  • 44. Goren AC, Piozzi F, Akcicek E, Kilic T, Carikcı S, MoziogluE, Setzer WN. Essential oil composition of twenty-twoStachys species (mountain tea) and their biological activities.Phytochem Lett 2011; 4: 448-53.
  • 45. Mastelic J, Jerkovic I, Blazevic I, Poljak-Blazi M, Borovic S,Ivancic-Bace I, Smrecki V, Zarkovic N, Brcic-Kostic K, Vikic-Topic D, Muller N. Comparative study on the antioxidantand biological activities of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenolderivative. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56: 3989-96.
  • 46. Lambert RJW, Skandamis PN, Coote PJ, Nychas GJE. Astudy of the minimum inhibitory concentration and mode of action of oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol. J ApplMicrobiol 2001; 91: 453-62.

Türkiye’den Üç Stachys L. Türünün Uçucu Bileşenleri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 278 - 285, 01.04.2017

Gülin Renda Nurdan Yazıcı Bektaş Büşra Korkmaz Gonca Çelik Serhat Sevgi Nurettin Yaylı

https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.300353

Öz

Stachys macrantha (C. Koch) Stearn, Stachys sylvatica L. ve

Stachys annua ssp. annua var. annua L. türlerine ait uçucu

bileşenler Katı Faz Mikro Ekstraksiyon (SPME) metoduna

ek olarak Alev İyonizasyon Dedektörü (GC-FID) ve Gaz

Kromotografisi-Kütle Spektrometresi (GC-MS) ile analiz edildi.

S. annua ssp. annua var. annua, S. sylvatica ve S. macrantha

türlerinde sırasıyla toplam 38 (%99.2), 39 (%99.0) ve 33 (%98.8)

uçucu bileşen tanımlandı. İncelenen bu üç türdeki major uçucu

bileşenler S. macrantha türünde α-pinen (%11.2), p-simen

(%18.2) ve karvakrol (%28.8), S. sylvatica’da γ-muurolen

(%10.2), α-sedren (%11.2) ve limonen (%37.0) ve S. annua

ssp. annua var. annua’da α-pinen (%11.4), β-pinen (%23.1)

ve (Z)-β-osimen (%24.8) olarak bulundu. Türler üzerinde

yapılan karşılaştırma çalışması S. annua ssp. annua var.

annua ve S. sylvatica türlerinin ana monoterpen hidrokarbon

yapısında olduğunu bileşenlerinin (sırasıyla %65.8 ve %49.8)

ve S. macrantha’nın ana bileşenlerinin ise oksijenlenmiş

monoterpenler (%42.1) olduğunu gösterdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Stachys macrantha Stachys sylvatica Stachys annua ssp. annua var. annua Lamiaceae uçucu bileşikler SPME

Kaynakça

  • 1. Bhattacharjee R. Stachys L. In: Flora of Turkey and East AegeanIslands, vol. 7. Editor: Davis PH. Edinburgh University Press.Edinburgh. 1982, pp. 199-262.
  • 2. Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K. Flora of Turkey and the East AegeanIslands, vol. 10. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. 1988,pp. 204-216.
  • 3. Duman H. Stachys L. In: Flora of Turkey and the East AegeanIslands, vol. 11. Editors: Guner A, Ozhatay N, Ekim T, BaşerKHC. Edinburgh University Press. Edinburgh. 2000, pp. 204-206.
  • 4. Dinc M, Doğu S. Stachys gaziantepensis (Lamiaceae), a newspecies from South Anatolia, Turkey. Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences of India-Section B, BiologicalSciences; 2015: 1-5.
  • 5. Guner O, Akcicek E. A new record for flora of Turkey:Stachys megalodonta Hausskn. & Bornm. ex P.H.Davis subsp.megalodonta (Lamiaceae). Bağbahce Bil Derg 2015; 2: 27-32.
  • 6. Akcicek E, Firat M, Guner O. Stachys hakkariensis (Lamiaceae),a new species from eastern Anatolia (Turkey) belonging toStachys sect. Olisia. Phytotaxa 2016; 257: 167-73.
  • 7. Altundag E, Ozturk M. Ethnomedicinal studies on the plantresources of east Anatolia, Turkey. Procedia Soc Behav Sci2011; 19: 756-77.
  • 8. Mukemre M, Behcet L, Cakilcioğlu U. Ethnobotanical studyon medicinal plants in villages of Catak (Van-Turkey). JEthnopharmacol 2015; 166: 361-74.
  • 9. Ozdemir E, Alpinar K. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinalplants in western part of central Taurus Mountains: Aladağlar(Nigde – Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 166: 53-65.
  • 10. Polat R, Cakilcioğlu U, Kaltalioğlu K, Ulusan MD, Turkmen Z.An ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in Espiye and itssurrounding (Giresun-Turkey). J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 163:1-11.
  • 11. Viegi L, Pieroni A, Guarrera PM, Vangelisti R. A review ofplants used in folk veterinary medicine in Italy as basis for adatabank. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 89: 221-44.
  • 12. Manganelli REU, Tomei FCPE. Curing animals with plants:Traditional usage in Tuscany (Italy). J Ethnopharmacol 2001;78: 171-91.
  • 13. Cornara L, La Rocca A, Terrizzano L, Dente F, Mariotti MG.Ethnobotanical and phytomedical knowledge in the North-Western Ligurian Alps. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 155: 453-84.
  • 14. Başer KHC, Buchbauer G. Handbook of Essential Oils,Science, Technology and Applications. CRC Press, BocaRaton. 2010.
  • 15. Pawliszyn J. Solid Phase Microextraction: Theory and Practice.Wiley-VCH, New York, USA. 1997.
  • 16. Radnai E, Dobos A, Veres K, Mathe I, Janicsak G, BlundenG, Toth L. Essential oils in some Stachys species growing inHungary. Acta Hort 2003; 597: 137-42.
  • 17. Trillini B, Pellegrino R, Bini LM. Essential oil composition ofStachys sylvatica L. from Italy. Flavour Frag J 2004; 19: 330-2.
  • 18. Vudnac VB, Pfeifhofer HW, Branther AH, Males Z, PlazibatM. Essential oils of seven Stachys taxa from Croatia. BiochemSyst Ecol 2006; 34: 875-81.
  • 19. Haznagy-Radnai E, Czigle S, Mathe I. TLC and GC analysisof the essential oils of Stachys species. J Planar Chromatogr -Mod TLC 2007; 20: 189-96.
  • 20. Hajdari A, Novak J, Mustafa B, Franz C. Essential oilcomposition and antioxidant activity of Stachys sylvatica L.(Lamiaceae) from different wild populations in Kosovo. NatProd Res 2012; 26: 1676-81.
  • 21. Dimitrova-Dyulgerova I, Merdzhanov P, Todorov K,Seymenska D, Stoyanov P, Mladenov R, Stoyanove A. Essentialoils composition of Betonica officinalis L. and Stachys sylvaticaL. (Lamiaceae) from Bulgaria. CR Acad Bulg Sci 2015; 68: 991-8.
  • 22. Venditti A, Bianco A, Quassinti L, Bramucci M, LupidiG, Damiano S, Papa F, Vittori S, Maleci BL, Giuliani C.Phytochemical Analysis, biological activity, and secretorystructures of Stachys annua (L.) L. subsp. annua (Lamiaceae)from Central Italy. Chem Biodiv 2015; 12: 1172-83.
  • 23. Renda G, Tosun G, Yaylı N. SPME GC/MS Analysis of ThreeOrnithogalum L. species from Turkey. Rec Nat Prod 2016; 10:497-502.
  • 24. Aliyazicioğlu R, Tosun G, Yayli N, Eyupoğlu OE.Characterisation of volatile compounds by SPME and GCFID/MS of capers (Capparis spinosa L.). Afr J Agric Res 2015;10: 2213-7.
  • 25. Yayli B, Tosun G, Karakose M, Renda G, Yayli N. SPME/GC-MS Analysis of volatile organic compounds from threeLamiaceae Species (Nepeta conferta Hedge & Lamond,Origanum onites L. and Satureja cuneifolia Ten.) growing inTurkey. Asian J Chem 2014; 26: 2541-4.
  • 26. Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gaschromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy, 3rd ed. Editor:Carol Stream, Allured Publishing Corporation. Illinois. 2001.
  • 27. Bicchi C, Liberto E, Matteodo M, Sgorbini B, Mondello L,Zellner BA, Costa R, Rubiolo P. Quantitative analysis ofessential oils: A complex task. Flav Fragr J 2008; 23: 382-91.
  • 28. Mondello L, Tranchida PQ, Dugo P, Dugo G. Comprehensivetwo-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Areview. Mass Spectrom Rev 2008; 27: 101-24.
  • 29. Zellner BA, Dugo P, Dugo G, Mondello L. Gas chromatographyolfactometryin food flavour analysis. J Chromatogr A 2008;1186: 123-43.
  • 30. Rasoanaivo P, Ralaibia E, Maggi F, Papa F, Vittori S, NicolettiM. Phytochemical investigation of the essential oil fromthe “resurrection plant” Myrothamnus moschatus (Baillon)Niedenzu endemic to Madagascar. J Essent Oil Res 2012; 24:299-304.
  • 31. Ansorena D, Astiasaran I, Bello J. Influence of the simultaneousaddition of the protease flavourzyme and the lipase novozyme677BG on dry fermented sausage compounds extracted bySDE and analyzed by GC-MS. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:2395 2400.
  • 32. Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gaschromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy, 3rd ed. Editor:Carol Stream, Allured Publishing Corporation. Illinois. 1995and 2005.
  • 33. Yu Q, Bi JX, Yan Z, Yun Z, Gang F, Xiao LY, Si YP.Characterization of aroma active compounds in fruit juiceand peel oil of Jinchen sweet orange fruit (Citrus sinensis (L.)Osbeck) by GC-MS and GC-O. Molecules 2008; 13: 1333-44.
  • 34. Xuan C, Rong-zhang M, Jing-jing Z, Hong-yan Z, Xiang-lingZ, Ri-ru Z, Cai-yun W. Analysis of aroma-active compoundsin three sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) cultivars byGC-olfactometry and GC-MS. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed& Biotechnol) 2014; 15: 638 48.
  • 35. Kahriman N, Tosun G, Genc H, Yayli N. Comparativeessential oil analysis of Geranium sylvaticum estracted byhydrodistillation and microwave distillation. Turk J Chem2010; 34: 969-76.
  • 36. Shahin M, Mohsen K. Essential oil constituents of Nigellasativa from Iran. J Biol Environ Sci 2015; 9: 135-6.
  • 37. Simic A, Sokovic MD, Ristic M, Grujic-Jovanovic S, VukojeviJ, Marin PD. The chemical composition of some Lauraceaeessential oils and their antifungal activities. Phytother Res2004; 18: 713-7.
  • 38. Cedric B, Gilles C, Florence P. Solid-phase microextractionof volatile compounds from flowers of two Brunfelsia species.Biochem Syst Ecol 2006; 34: 371 5.
  • 39. Mahattanatawee K, Goodner KL, Baldwin EA. Volatileconstituents and character impact compounds of selectedFlorida’s tropical fruit. Proc Fla State Hort Soc 2005; 118: 414-8.
  • 40. Boylston TD, Viniyard BT. Isolation of volatile flavorcompounds from peanut butter using purge-and-traptechnique in Instrumental methods in food and beverageanalysis. Editors: Wetzel D, Charalambous G. 1998, pp. 225243.
  • 41. Danijela V, Milka M, Sanja C, Marija ES. Comparison ofessential oil profiles of Satureja montana L. and endemicsatureja visianii Šilic. Jeobp 2009; 12: 273-81.
  • 42. Garcia-Estaban M, Ansorena D, Astiasaran I, Martin D, RuizJ. Comparison of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE)and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the analysis ofvolatile compounds in dry-cured ham. J Sci Food Agric 2004;84: 1364-70.
  • 43. Tundis R, Peruzzi L, Menichini F. Phytochemical and biologicalstudies of Stachys species in relation to chemotaxonomy: Areview. Phytochem 2014; 102: 7-39.
  • 44. Goren AC, Piozzi F, Akcicek E, Kilic T, Carikcı S, MoziogluE, Setzer WN. Essential oil composition of twenty-twoStachys species (mountain tea) and their biological activities.Phytochem Lett 2011; 4: 448-53.
  • 45. Mastelic J, Jerkovic I, Blazevic I, Poljak-Blazi M, Borovic S,Ivancic-Bace I, Smrecki V, Zarkovic N, Brcic-Kostic K, Vikic-Topic D, Muller N. Comparative study on the antioxidantand biological activities of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenolderivative. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56: 3989-96.
  • 46. Lambert RJW, Skandamis PN, Coote PJ, Nychas GJE. Astudy of the minimum inhibitory concentration and mode of action of oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol. J ApplMicrobiol 2001; 91: 453-62.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gülin Renda

Nurdan Yazıcı Bektaş Bu kişi benim

Büşra Korkmaz Bu kişi benim

Gonca Çelik Bu kişi benim

Serhat Sevgi Bu kişi benim

Nurettin Yaylı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Renda, G., Yazıcı Bektaş, N., Korkmaz, B., Çelik, G., vd. (2017). Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, 21(2), 278-285. https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.300353
AMA Renda G, Yazıcı Bektaş N, Korkmaz B, Çelik G, Sevgi S, Yaylı N. Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey. mpj. Mayıs 2017;21(2):278-285. doi:10.12991/marupj.300353
Chicago Renda, Gülin, Nurdan Yazıcı Bektaş, Büşra Korkmaz, Gonca Çelik, Serhat Sevgi, ve Nurettin Yaylı. “Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey”. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 21, sy. 2 (Mayıs 2017): 278-85. https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.300353.
EndNote Renda G, Yazıcı Bektaş N, Korkmaz B, Çelik G, Sevgi S, Yaylı N (01 Mayıs 2017) Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 21 2 278–285.
IEEE G. Renda, N. Yazıcı Bektaş, B. Korkmaz, G. Çelik, S. Sevgi, ve N. Yaylı, “Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey”, mpj, c. 21, sy. 2, ss. 278–285, 2017, doi: 10.12991/marupj.300353.
ISNAD Renda, Gülin vd. “Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey”. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal 21/2 (Mayıs 2017), 278-285. https://doi.org/10.12991/marupj.300353.
JAMA Renda G, Yazıcı Bektaş N, Korkmaz B, Çelik G, Sevgi S, Yaylı N. Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey. mpj. 2017;21:278–285.
MLA Renda, Gülin vd. “Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey”. Marmara Pharmaceutical Journal, c. 21, sy. 2, 2017, ss. 278-85, doi:10.12991/marupj.300353.
Vancouver Renda G, Yazıcı Bektaş N, Korkmaz B, Çelik G, Sevgi S, Yaylı N. Volatile Constituents of Three Stachys L. Species from Turkey. mpj. 2017;21(2):278-85.