Öz
Objective: Post-COVID syndrome is the persistence of signs and symptoms that develop during or after COVID-19 infection for longer than 12 weeks, which cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) aromatherapy oil on dyspnea, back pain, and anxiety in patients with post-COVID syndrome.
Methods: The study included patients diagnosed with post-COVID syndrome at the chest diseases outpatient clinic of Adana City Training and Research Hospital. Before and after eucalyptus oil application, as components of post-COVID syndrome, dyspnea was evaluated using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale, back pain using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and anxiety using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).
Results: A total of 15 individuals, of whom 11 were female (73.3%) and 4 were male (26.7%), were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 45.7±10.7 years, and the mean body mass index was 24.7±3.4. The mean post-treatment values of mMRC, VAS, and BAI statistically significantly decreased compared to the pre-treatment evaluation.
Conclusion: Eucalyptus aromatherapy oil inhalation was found to be effective in recovery from post-COVID syndrome symptoms, such as dyspnea, back pain, and anxiety, which affect many people across the world and can cause labor and financial losses. Therefore, we recommend considering the use of this aromatherapy oil in the complementary treatment and follow-up of these patients.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Post-COVID Syndrome Eucalyptus Aromatherapy Oil Dyspnea Pain Anxiety
Destekleyen Kurum
NON
Proje Numarası
NON
Teşekkür
NON
Kaynakça
- WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data 2021.
- Greenhalgh T, Knight M, A'Court C, Buxton M, Husain L. Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care. BMJ. 2020 Aug 11;370:m3026.
- Sebei K, Sakouhi F, Herchi W, Khouja ML, Boukhchina S. Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of seven Eucalyptus species essential oils leaves. Biol Res. 2015 Jan 19;48(1):7.
- Rasool M, Malik A, Alam MZ, Afzal M, Alam R, Arsalan HM et al. Optimization of antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of Eucalyptus tereticornis and Nigella sativa: Response surface Methodology. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2018 Jul;31(4):1259-1266.
- Juergens UR. Anti-inflammatory properties of the monoterpene 1.8-cineole: current evidence for co-medication in inflammatory airway diseases. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2014 Dec;64(12):638-46. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372609.
- Panikar S, Shoba G, Arun M, Sahayarayan JJ, Usha Raja Nanthini A, Chinnathambi A et al. Essential oils as an effective alternative for the treatment of COVID-19: Molecular interaction analysis of protease (Mpro) with pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties. J Infect Public Health. 2021 May;14(5):601-610.
- Rebordosa C, Plana E, Aguado J, Thomas S, Garcia-Gil E, Perez-Gutthann S, et al. GOLD assessment of COPD severity in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2019;28(2):126-33.
- Ju ZY, Wang K, Cui HS, Yao Y, Liu SM, Zhou J et al. Acupuncture for neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Dec 2;12(12):CD012057.
- Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7.
- https://effect-size-calculator.herokuapp.com/. Accessed 22 novomber 2023.
- Cermelli C, Fabio A, Fabio G, Quaglio P. Effect of eucalyptus essential oil on respiratory bacteria and viruses. Curr. Microbiol. 2008;56(1):89–92.
- Chaachouay N, Douira A, Zidane L. COVID-19, prevention and treatment with herbal medicine in the herbal markets of Salé Prefecture, North-Western Morocco. Eur J Integr Med. 2021 Feb;42:101285.
- Panikar S, Shoba G, Arun M, Sahayarayan JJ, Usha Raja Nanthini A, Chinnathambi A et al. Essential oils as an effective alternative for the treatment of COVID-19: Molecular interaction analysis of protease (Mpro) with pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties. J Infect Public Health. 2021 May;14(5):601-610.
- Juergens U R, Engelen T, Racké K, Stöber M, Gillissen A, Vetter H. “Inhibitory activity of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on cytokine production in cultured human lymphocytes and monocytes,” Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 281–287, 2004.
- Varkaneh ZK, Karampourian A, Oshvandi K, Basiri Z, Mohammadi Y. The effect of eucalyptus inhalation on pain and the quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis. Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2022 Aug 21;29:100976.
- Lee G, Park J, Kim MS, Seol GH, Min SS. Analgesic effects of eucalyptus essential oil in mice. Korean J Pain. 2019 Apr 1;32(2):79-86.
- Moss M and Oliver L. “Plasma 1,8-cineole correlates with cognitive performance following exposure to rosemary essential oil aroma,” Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 103–113, 2012.
- Lionetto M G, Caricato R, Calisi A, Giordano M E, Schettino T. “Acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker in environmental and occupational medicine: New insights and future perspectives,” BioMed Research İnternational, vol. 2013, Article ID 321213, 8 pages, 2013.
- Kim KY, Seo HJ, Min SS, Park M, Seol GH. The effect of 1,8-cineole inhalation on preoperative anxiety: a randomized clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:820126.
Öz
Amaç: Post covid sendromu Covid-19 enfeksiyonu sırasında veya sonrasında gelişen 12 haftadan uzun süren ve alternatif bir tanı ile açıklanamayan belirti ve semptomlardır. Çalışmamızın amacı post covid sendromunda nefes darlığı, sırt ağrısı, anksiyete üzerine okaliptus (Eucalyptus globulus ) aromaterapik yağının etkilerini incelemektir.
Yöntem: Adana Şehir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Göğüs Hastalıkları polikliniğinde post covid sendrom tanısı alan hastalara uygulama öncesi ve 4 hafta sonrasında post covid sendrom bileşenlerinden olan nefes darlığı semptomunun takibi amacı ile mMRC (Modifiye Medical Research Council) skalası, sırt ağrısının takibi için VAS ağrı skalası, anksiyete şiddeti takibi için Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği uygulandı. Veriler uygun veri tabanında analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza 11’i kadın( %73.3) , 4’ü erkek (%26.7) olmak üzere toplam 15 kişi dahil edildi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 45.7 ( +- 10.7), VKİ 37 ( +-4,4) idi. Tedavi öncesi ve sonrası mMRC, VAS, Beck anksiyete ölçeği değerlerinin ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde azalma saptandı.
Sonuç: Dünya üzerindeki birçok kişiyi etkileyen, işgücü ve mali kayıplara da neden olabilen post covid sendromu semptomlarından nefes darlığı, sırt ağrısı, anksiyete üzerine inhale okaliptus aromaterapik yağı iyileşmede etkili bulunmuş olup, bu hastaların tedavi ve takibinde göz önünde bulundurulması önerilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Post-COVID Sendromu Okaliptus Aromaterapik Yağı Dispne Ağrı Anksiyete
Proje Numarası
NON
Kaynakça
- WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard | WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard With Vaccination Data 2021.
- Greenhalgh T, Knight M, A'Court C, Buxton M, Husain L. Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care. BMJ. 2020 Aug 11;370:m3026.
- Sebei K, Sakouhi F, Herchi W, Khouja ML, Boukhchina S. Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of seven Eucalyptus species essential oils leaves. Biol Res. 2015 Jan 19;48(1):7.
- Rasool M, Malik A, Alam MZ, Afzal M, Alam R, Arsalan HM et al. Optimization of antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of Eucalyptus tereticornis and Nigella sativa: Response surface Methodology. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2018 Jul;31(4):1259-1266.
- Juergens UR. Anti-inflammatory properties of the monoterpene 1.8-cineole: current evidence for co-medication in inflammatory airway diseases. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2014 Dec;64(12):638-46. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372609.
- Panikar S, Shoba G, Arun M, Sahayarayan JJ, Usha Raja Nanthini A, Chinnathambi A et al. Essential oils as an effective alternative for the treatment of COVID-19: Molecular interaction analysis of protease (Mpro) with pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties. J Infect Public Health. 2021 May;14(5):601-610.
- Rebordosa C, Plana E, Aguado J, Thomas S, Garcia-Gil E, Perez-Gutthann S, et al. GOLD assessment of COPD severity in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2019;28(2):126-33.
- Ju ZY, Wang K, Cui HS, Yao Y, Liu SM, Zhou J et al. Acupuncture for neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Dec 2;12(12):CD012057.
- Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7.
- https://effect-size-calculator.herokuapp.com/. Accessed 22 novomber 2023.
- Cermelli C, Fabio A, Fabio G, Quaglio P. Effect of eucalyptus essential oil on respiratory bacteria and viruses. Curr. Microbiol. 2008;56(1):89–92.
- Chaachouay N, Douira A, Zidane L. COVID-19, prevention and treatment with herbal medicine in the herbal markets of Salé Prefecture, North-Western Morocco. Eur J Integr Med. 2021 Feb;42:101285.
- Panikar S, Shoba G, Arun M, Sahayarayan JJ, Usha Raja Nanthini A, Chinnathambi A et al. Essential oils as an effective alternative for the treatment of COVID-19: Molecular interaction analysis of protease (Mpro) with pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties. J Infect Public Health. 2021 May;14(5):601-610.
- Juergens U R, Engelen T, Racké K, Stöber M, Gillissen A, Vetter H. “Inhibitory activity of 1,8-cineol (eucalyptol) on cytokine production in cultured human lymphocytes and monocytes,” Pulmonary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 281–287, 2004.
- Varkaneh ZK, Karampourian A, Oshvandi K, Basiri Z, Mohammadi Y. The effect of eucalyptus inhalation on pain and the quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis. Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2022 Aug 21;29:100976.
- Lee G, Park J, Kim MS, Seol GH, Min SS. Analgesic effects of eucalyptus essential oil in mice. Korean J Pain. 2019 Apr 1;32(2):79-86.
- Moss M and Oliver L. “Plasma 1,8-cineole correlates with cognitive performance following exposure to rosemary essential oil aroma,” Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 103–113, 2012.
- Lionetto M G, Caricato R, Calisi A, Giordano M E, Schettino T. “Acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker in environmental and occupational medicine: New insights and future perspectives,” BioMed Research İnternational, vol. 2013, Article ID 321213, 8 pages, 2013.
- Kim KY, Seo HJ, Min SS, Park M, Seol GH. The effect of 1,8-cineole inhalation on preoperative anxiety: a randomized clinical trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:820126.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Klinik Tıp Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | NON |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4 |
Kaynak Göster
Cited By
Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License: The articles in the Journal of Immunology and Clinical Microbiology are open access articles licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.