Araştırma Makalesi
Attitudes and perceptions of pharmacy students toward pharmacognosy and related competencies of the national core education program in Türkiye
Öz
Background and Aims: Competency-based education (CBE) and the use of natural health products have been increasingly discussed in pharmacy. The national core education program of Türkiye has 108 mandatory competencies. This study investigated pharmacy students’ thoughts about pharmacognosy and their preparedness to provide related competencies.
Methods: A descriptive online survey consisting of a 35-item questionnaire was administered to pharmacy students in Türkiye between June and July 2023. A 3-point Likert scale was used to assess students’ opinions. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 (P < 0.05).
Results: A total of 404 students in the third, fourth, and fifth years from 19 different faculties participated in the study. The interest in pharmacognosy was high, and students attributed significant value and importance to the field. Most of the students believed that their pharmacognosy education (67.1%) is sufficient, particularly on herbal medicinal plants (62.4%) and traditional and complementary medicine (59.2%). However, their satisfaction rates with education on marine pharmacognosy (10.4%) and drugs sourced from animals (30.2%) and microorganisms and minerals (32.2%) were low. Students rated their preparedness toward related competencies at concerning levels. The lowest value was observed in homeopathy (21.0%). Students felt more confident in academic and industrial practices (52.4%) than in community and hospital pharmacy requirements (35.3%). The impacts of national accreditation status and the education model of the faculties were found to be limited.
Conclusion: An overall review may be needed to adapt the field to outcome-based education or CBE.
Anahtar Kelimeler
competency integrated curriculum pharmacognosy outcomes pharmacy
Etik Beyan
This study was granted ethical approval by Ethics Committee of Dicle University Faculty of Medicine (17.05.2023/160). Participants' informed consents were obtained before the survey questions.
Kaynakça
- Anderson, C., & Arakawa, N. (2021). Pharmacy Ed-ucation Development. Pharmacy (Basel), 9(4).pharmacy9040168 google scholar
- Anderson, C., Bates, I., Beck, D., Brock, T., Futter, B., Mercer, H., . . . Yonemura, A. (2008). The WHO UNESCO FIP Pharmacy Education Taskforce: enabling concerted and collective global action. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 72(6), 127. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj7206127 google scholar
- Bisaria, K., Sinha, S., Srivastava, A., & Singh, R. (2020). Marine Pharmacognosy: An Overview of Marine-Derived Pharmaceuti-cals. In N. M. Nathani, C. Mootapally, I. R. Gadhvi, B. Maitreya, & C. G. Joshi (Eds.), Marine Niche: Applications in Pharmaceu-tical Sciences : Translational Research (pp. 361-381). Singapore: Springer Singapore. google scholar
- Bruno, A., Bates, I., Brock, T., & Anderson, C. (2010). Towards a global competency framework. American Journal of Pharmaceu-tical Education, 74(3), 56. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj740356 google scholar
- Cahlikova, L., Safratova, M., Hosfalkova, A., Chlebek, J., Hul-cova, D., Breiterova, K., & Opletal, L. (2020). Pharma-cognosy and Its Role in the System of Profile Disciplines in Pharmacy. Natural Product Communications, 15(9), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X20945 google scholar
- Geldenhuys, W. J., Cudnik, M. L., Krinsky, D. L., & Darvesh, A. S. (2015). Evolution of a Natural Products and Nutraceuticals Course in the Pharmacy Curriculum. American Journal of Pharmaceuti-cal Education, 79(6), 82. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe79682 google scholar
- Hodges, B. D. (2010). A tea-steeping or i-Doc model for med-ical education? Academic Medicine, 85(9 Suppl), S34-44. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f12f32 google scholar
- Homberg, A., Krug, K., Klafke, N., Glassen, K., Mahler, C., & Loukanova, S. (2021). Consensus views on competen-cies and teaching methods for an interprofessional curricu-lum on complementary and integrative medicine: A Del-phi study. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 19(3), 282-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2021.03.001 google scholar
- Kinghorn, A. D. (2002). The role of pharmacognosy in modern medicine. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 3(2), 77-79. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.3.2.77 google scholar
- Lee, J. K., Hume, A. L., Willis, R., Boon, H., Lebensohn, P., Brooks, A., & Kligler, B. (2018). Pharmacy Competen-cies for Interprofessional Integrative Health Care Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 82(6), 6302. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe6302 google scholar
- McMullen, J., Arakawa, N., Anderson, C., Pattison, L., & McGrath, S. (2023). A systematic review of contemporary competency-based education and training for pharmacy practitioners and students. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 19(2), 192-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.09.013 google scholar
- OpenEpi. (2023, March 2). Retrieved from https://www.openepi.com/SampleSize/SSPropor.htm. google scholar
- Park, Y. S., Hodges, B. D., & Tekian, A. (2016). Evaluating the Paradigm Shift from Time-Based Toward Competency-Based Medical Education: Implications for Curriculum and Assessment. InP. F. Wimmers & M. Mentkowski (Eds.), Assessing Competence in Professional Performance across Disciplines and Professions (pp. 411-425). Cham: Springer International Publishing. google scholar
- Renda, G., Gökkaya, İ., Kandemir, G., Özyiğit, T., & Kurt, T. (2023). Pharmacy Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes about Homeopa-thy: A Descriptive Survey Conducted in Turkey. Homeopathy. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761267 google scholar
- Sarker, S. D. (2012). Pharmacognosy in modern phar-macy curricula. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 8(30), 91-92. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.96545 google scholar
- Steinhoff, B., & Committee, E. S. (2013). The future of pharma-cognosy in academic education. Phytomedicine, 20(12), 1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.06.013 google scholar
- Tiralongo, E., & Wallis, M. (2008). Attitudes and perceptions of Aus-tralian pharmacy students towards Complementary and Alterna-tive Medicine - a pilot study. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 8, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-8-2 google scholar
- Verpoorte, R. (2000). Pharmacognosy in the new millennium: leadfinding and biotechnology. Journal of pharmacy and phar-macology, 52(3), 253-262. google scholar
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. (2019). The legal and regulatory framework for community pharmacies in the WHO European Region. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. google scholar
- YÖK. (2023, March 1). Yükseköğretim Kurulu (Council of Higher Education). Retrieved from https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/. google scholar
- Zhang, Y., Phipps, L. B., & McDaniel, J. (2017). Pharmacog-nosy, a Classical Theme Tuned to a Contemporary Melody. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 81(8), 5953. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe5953 google scholar
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 53 Sayı: 3, 350 - 357, 28.12.2023
Öz
Kaynakça
- Anderson, C., & Arakawa, N. (2021). Pharmacy Ed-ucation Development. Pharmacy (Basel), 9(4).pharmacy9040168 google scholar
- Anderson, C., Bates, I., Beck, D., Brock, T., Futter, B., Mercer, H., . . . Yonemura, A. (2008). The WHO UNESCO FIP Pharmacy Education Taskforce: enabling concerted and collective global action. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 72(6), 127. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj7206127 google scholar
- Bisaria, K., Sinha, S., Srivastava, A., & Singh, R. (2020). Marine Pharmacognosy: An Overview of Marine-Derived Pharmaceuti-cals. In N. M. Nathani, C. Mootapally, I. R. Gadhvi, B. Maitreya, & C. G. Joshi (Eds.), Marine Niche: Applications in Pharmaceu-tical Sciences : Translational Research (pp. 361-381). Singapore: Springer Singapore. google scholar
- Bruno, A., Bates, I., Brock, T., & Anderson, C. (2010). Towards a global competency framework. American Journal of Pharmaceu-tical Education, 74(3), 56. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj740356 google scholar
- Cahlikova, L., Safratova, M., Hosfalkova, A., Chlebek, J., Hul-cova, D., Breiterova, K., & Opletal, L. (2020). Pharma-cognosy and Its Role in the System of Profile Disciplines in Pharmacy. Natural Product Communications, 15(9), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X20945 google scholar
- Geldenhuys, W. J., Cudnik, M. L., Krinsky, D. L., & Darvesh, A. S. (2015). Evolution of a Natural Products and Nutraceuticals Course in the Pharmacy Curriculum. American Journal of Pharmaceuti-cal Education, 79(6), 82. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe79682 google scholar
- Hodges, B. D. (2010). A tea-steeping or i-Doc model for med-ical education? Academic Medicine, 85(9 Suppl), S34-44. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181f12f32 google scholar
- Homberg, A., Krug, K., Klafke, N., Glassen, K., Mahler, C., & Loukanova, S. (2021). Consensus views on competen-cies and teaching methods for an interprofessional curricu-lum on complementary and integrative medicine: A Del-phi study. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 19(3), 282-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2021.03.001 google scholar
- Kinghorn, A. D. (2002). The role of pharmacognosy in modern medicine. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 3(2), 77-79. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.3.2.77 google scholar
- Lee, J. K., Hume, A. L., Willis, R., Boon, H., Lebensohn, P., Brooks, A., & Kligler, B. (2018). Pharmacy Competen-cies for Interprofessional Integrative Health Care Education. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 82(6), 6302. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe6302 google scholar
- McMullen, J., Arakawa, N., Anderson, C., Pattison, L., & McGrath, S. (2023). A systematic review of contemporary competency-based education and training for pharmacy practitioners and students. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 19(2), 192-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.09.013 google scholar
- OpenEpi. (2023, March 2). Retrieved from https://www.openepi.com/SampleSize/SSPropor.htm. google scholar
- Park, Y. S., Hodges, B. D., & Tekian, A. (2016). Evaluating the Paradigm Shift from Time-Based Toward Competency-Based Medical Education: Implications for Curriculum and Assessment. InP. F. Wimmers & M. Mentkowski (Eds.), Assessing Competence in Professional Performance across Disciplines and Professions (pp. 411-425). Cham: Springer International Publishing. google scholar
- Renda, G., Gökkaya, İ., Kandemir, G., Özyiğit, T., & Kurt, T. (2023). Pharmacy Students’ Knowledge and Attitudes about Homeopa-thy: A Descriptive Survey Conducted in Turkey. Homeopathy. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1761267 google scholar
- Sarker, S. D. (2012). Pharmacognosy in modern phar-macy curricula. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 8(30), 91-92. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.96545 google scholar
- Steinhoff, B., & Committee, E. S. (2013). The future of pharma-cognosy in academic education. Phytomedicine, 20(12), 1047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.06.013 google scholar
- Tiralongo, E., & Wallis, M. (2008). Attitudes and perceptions of Aus-tralian pharmacy students towards Complementary and Alterna-tive Medicine - a pilot study. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 8, 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-8-2 google scholar
- Verpoorte, R. (2000). Pharmacognosy in the new millennium: leadfinding and biotechnology. Journal of pharmacy and phar-macology, 52(3), 253-262. google scholar
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. (2019). The legal and regulatory framework for community pharmacies in the WHO European Region. Copenhagen: World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. google scholar
- YÖK. (2023, March 1). Yükseköğretim Kurulu (Council of Higher Education). Retrieved from https://yokatlas.yok.gov.tr/. google scholar
- Zhang, Y., Phipps, L. B., & McDaniel, J. (2017). Pharmacog-nosy, a Classical Theme Tuned to a Contemporary Melody. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 81(8), 5953. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe5953 google scholar
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Farmakognozi |
| Bölüm | Original Article |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 28 Aralık 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 21 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 53 Sayı: 3 |
