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Ethics and Safety in the Future of Artificial Intelligence: Remarkable Issues

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 65 - 70, 30.06.2018

Utku Kose İbrahim Arda Cankaya Tuncay Yigit

Öz

The
humankind is currently experiencing a life supported often with intelligent
systems designed and developed based on the foundations of Artificial
Intelligence. It is clear that this scientific field is one of key elements for
shaping better future for us. But there are also some anxieties regarding
possible ethical and safety related issues that may arise because of intense
use of powerful Artificial Intelligence oriented systems. In this context,
objective of this paper is to provide a look at to some remarkable issues about
ethics and safety within the future of Artificial Intelligence. After focusing
on currently wide-discussed issues, the paper also comes with some possible
solution suggestions for achieving a better Artificial Intelligence supported
future with no or less issues on ethics and safety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

artificial intelligence future of artificial intelligence ethical artificial intelligence artificial intelligence safety machine ethics

Kaynakça

  • [1] S. Russell, and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. 1995, Prentice-Hall.
  • [2] M. Negnevitsky, Artificial intelligence: a guide to intelligent systems. 2005, Pearson Education.
  • [3] D. T. Pham, and P. T. N. Pham, “Artificial intelligence in engineering”. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 39(6), 1999, 937-949.
  • [4] S. Russell, Ethics of artificial intelligence. Nature; London. 521.7553, 2015, 415-418.
  • [5] N. Bostrom, and E. Yudkowsky, The ethics of artificial intelligence. The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, 2014, 316-334.
  • [6] M. Anderson, S. L. Anderson, and C. Armen, Towards machine ethics. In Proceedings of the AOTP’04-The AAAI-04 Workshop on Agent Organizations: Theory and Practice, 2004.
  • [7] L. Muehlhauser, and L. Helm, The singularity and machine ethics. In Singularity Hypotheses (pp. 101-126). 2012, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • [8] B. Hibbard, Ethical Artificial Intelligence. 2014, arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.1373.
  • [9] M. Anderson, and S. L. Anderson, “Machine ethics: Creating an ethical intelligent agent”. AI Magazine, 28(4), 2007, 15.
  • [10] R. V. Yampolskiy, Artificial intelligence safety engineering: Why machine ethics is a wrong approach. In Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence (pp. 389-396). 2013, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • [11] A. Pavaloiu, and U. Kose, “Ethical artificial intelligence-An open question. Journal of Multidisciplinary Developments, 2(2), 2017, 15-27.
  • [12] R. Kurzweil, The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. 2005, Penguin.
  • [13] B. Goertzel, “Human-level artificial general intelligence and the possibility of a technological singularity: A reaction to Ray Kurzweil's The Singularity Is Near, and McDermott's critique of Kurzweil”. Artificial Intelligence, 171(18), 2007, 1161-1173.
  • [14] N. Bostrom, Superintelligence: Paths, dangers, strategies. 2014, OUP Oxford.
  • [15] N. Bostrom, “Existential risks”. Journal of Evolution and Technology, 9(1), 2002, 1-31.
  • [16] MIT Technology Review. Do We Need Asimov’s Laws?. 2014, TechnologyReview.com. Retrieved December 3, 2017, from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/527336/do-we-need-asimovs-laws/
  • [17] The Associated Press, For Driverless Cars, a Moral Dilemma: Who Lives and Who Dies?, 2017, NBC News Web Site. Retrieved December 3, 2017, from http://www.nbcnews.com/tech/innovation/driverless-cars-moral-dilemma-who-lives-who-dies-n708276
  • [18] M. R. Montaigne, The Complete Essays of Montaigne. 1958, philpapers.org.
  • [19] S. Bernezzani, 10 Jobs Artificial Intelligence Will Replace (and 10 That Are Safe). 2017, HubSpot.com. Retrieved December 2, 2017, from https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/jobs-artificial-intelligence-will-replace
  • [20] P. A. Taylor, Hackers: Crime in the digital sublime. Psychology Press, 1999.
  • [21] T. Jordan, and P. Taylor, “A sociology of hackers”. The Sociological Review, 46(4), 1998, 757-780.
  • [22] F. Xia, L. T. Yang, L. Wang, and A. Vinel, “Internet of things”. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(9), 2012, 1101.
  • [23] H. Kopetz, Internet of Things. In Real-time systems (pp. 307-323), 2011, Springer US.
  • [24] F. Wortmann, and K. Flüchter, “Internet of things”. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57(3), 2015, 221-224.
  • [25] O. Evans, and N. D. Goodman, Learning the preferences of bounded agents. In NIPS 2015 Workshop on Bounded Optimality, 2015.
  • [26] O. Evans, A. Stuhlmüller, and N. D. Goodman, Learning the preferences of ignorant, inconsistent agents. 2015, arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.05832.
  • [27] L. Orseau, and S. Armstrong, Safely interruptible agents. In Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence: 32nd Conference (UAI 2016), edited by Alexander Ihler and Dominik Janzing, 2016, (pp. 557-566).
  • [28] R. S. Sutton, and A. G. Barto, Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1998.
  • [29] P. Abbeel, and A. Y. Ng, Inverse reinforcement learning. In Encyclopedia of machine learning (pp. 554-558). 2011, Springer US.
  • [30] A. Y. Ng, and S. J. Russell, Algorithms for inverse reinforcement learning. In Icml, 2000, (pp. 663-670).

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 65 - 70, 30.06.2018

Utku Kose İbrahim Arda Cankaya Tuncay Yigit

Öz

Kaynakça

  • [1] S. Russell, and P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach. 1995, Prentice-Hall.
  • [2] M. Negnevitsky, Artificial intelligence: a guide to intelligent systems. 2005, Pearson Education.
  • [3] D. T. Pham, and P. T. N. Pham, “Artificial intelligence in engineering”. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 39(6), 1999, 937-949.
  • [4] S. Russell, Ethics of artificial intelligence. Nature; London. 521.7553, 2015, 415-418.
  • [5] N. Bostrom, and E. Yudkowsky, The ethics of artificial intelligence. The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, 2014, 316-334.
  • [6] M. Anderson, S. L. Anderson, and C. Armen, Towards machine ethics. In Proceedings of the AOTP’04-The AAAI-04 Workshop on Agent Organizations: Theory and Practice, 2004.
  • [7] L. Muehlhauser, and L. Helm, The singularity and machine ethics. In Singularity Hypotheses (pp. 101-126). 2012, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • [8] B. Hibbard, Ethical Artificial Intelligence. 2014, arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.1373.
  • [9] M. Anderson, and S. L. Anderson, “Machine ethics: Creating an ethical intelligent agent”. AI Magazine, 28(4), 2007, 15.
  • [10] R. V. Yampolskiy, Artificial intelligence safety engineering: Why machine ethics is a wrong approach. In Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence (pp. 389-396). 2013, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
  • [11] A. Pavaloiu, and U. Kose, “Ethical artificial intelligence-An open question. Journal of Multidisciplinary Developments, 2(2), 2017, 15-27.
  • [12] R. Kurzweil, The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology. 2005, Penguin.
  • [13] B. Goertzel, “Human-level artificial general intelligence and the possibility of a technological singularity: A reaction to Ray Kurzweil's The Singularity Is Near, and McDermott's critique of Kurzweil”. Artificial Intelligence, 171(18), 2007, 1161-1173.
  • [14] N. Bostrom, Superintelligence: Paths, dangers, strategies. 2014, OUP Oxford.
  • [15] N. Bostrom, “Existential risks”. Journal of Evolution and Technology, 9(1), 2002, 1-31.
  • [16] MIT Technology Review. Do We Need Asimov’s Laws?. 2014, TechnologyReview.com. Retrieved December 3, 2017, from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/527336/do-we-need-asimovs-laws/
  • [17] The Associated Press, For Driverless Cars, a Moral Dilemma: Who Lives and Who Dies?, 2017, NBC News Web Site. Retrieved December 3, 2017, from http://www.nbcnews.com/tech/innovation/driverless-cars-moral-dilemma-who-lives-who-dies-n708276
  • [18] M. R. Montaigne, The Complete Essays of Montaigne. 1958, philpapers.org.
  • [19] S. Bernezzani, 10 Jobs Artificial Intelligence Will Replace (and 10 That Are Safe). 2017, HubSpot.com. Retrieved December 2, 2017, from https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/jobs-artificial-intelligence-will-replace
  • [20] P. A. Taylor, Hackers: Crime in the digital sublime. Psychology Press, 1999.
  • [21] T. Jordan, and P. Taylor, “A sociology of hackers”. The Sociological Review, 46(4), 1998, 757-780.
  • [22] F. Xia, L. T. Yang, L. Wang, and A. Vinel, “Internet of things”. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(9), 2012, 1101.
  • [23] H. Kopetz, Internet of Things. In Real-time systems (pp. 307-323), 2011, Springer US.
  • [24] F. Wortmann, and K. Flüchter, “Internet of things”. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57(3), 2015, 221-224.
  • [25] O. Evans, and N. D. Goodman, Learning the preferences of bounded agents. In NIPS 2015 Workshop on Bounded Optimality, 2015.
  • [26] O. Evans, A. Stuhlmüller, and N. D. Goodman, Learning the preferences of ignorant, inconsistent agents. 2015, arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.05832.
  • [27] L. Orseau, and S. Armstrong, Safely interruptible agents. In Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence: 32nd Conference (UAI 2016), edited by Alexander Ihler and Dominik Janzing, 2016, (pp. 557-566).
  • [28] R. S. Sutton, and A. G. Barto, Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1998.
  • [29] P. Abbeel, and A. Y. Ng, Inverse reinforcement learning. In Encyclopedia of machine learning (pp. 554-558). 2011, Springer US.
  • [30] A. Y. Ng, and S. J. Russell, Algorithms for inverse reinforcement learning. In Icml, 2000, (pp. 663-670).
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Utku Kose 0000-0002-9652-6415

İbrahim Arda Cankaya Bu kişi benim

Tuncay Yigit

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

IEEE U. Kose, İ. A. Cankaya, ve T. Yigit, “Ethics and Safety in the Future of Artificial Intelligence: Remarkable Issues”, IJESA, c. 2, sy. 2, ss. 65–70, 2018.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

ISSN 2548-1185
e-ISSN 2587-2176
Period: Quarterly
Founded: 2016
Publisher: Nisantasi University
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