Abiyotik stres koşullarında yetiştirilen Gypsophila pilulifera (Caryophyllaceae) tohumlarının in vitro çimlenme ve vejetatif büyüme özellikleri
Öz
Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. Türkiye'de ekonomik açıdan önemli, nesli tükenmekte olan (CR) endemik bir türdür. Bu tür bir Akdeniz elementidir ve tip örneği C3 karesinde (Antalya) bulunmaktadır. Bitkiler, özellikle çimlenme ve fide gelişme aşamalarında abiyotik stres faktörlerine çok daha duyarlıdır. Bu çalışmada in vitro koşullarda G. pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. (Caryophyllaceae) 'in tuz ve kuraklık stresi altında çimlenme ve fide büyüme özellikleri incelendi. Tohumlar, artan NaCl (50, 100, 150, 200 mM) ve PEG 6000 (%5, %10, %15 ve %20) dozlarını içeren hormonsuz MS ortamında kültüre alındı. Çimlenen tohumlar ilk hafta üç günde bir ve ikinci hafta için her gün sayıldı. Bitkilerin kök ve hipokotil uzunluğu, yaprak sayısı, taze ağırlık ve canlılık indeksi 21 gün sonunda belirlendi. Artan tuz ve kuraklık stresi ile incelenen tüm bitkisel büyüme parametreleri arasında negatif bir korelasyon belirlendi. Ayrıca kuraklık oranı en yüksek olan MS besiyerinde (%20) çimlenme elde edilmesine rağmen 200 mM NaCl içeren MS besiyerinde çimlenme elde edilemedi. Sonuç olarak bitkinin tuzluluk stresine kuraklığa göre daha duyarlı olduğu ve yüksek tuz konsantrasyonlarının çimlenmeyi %100 engellediği belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gypsophila pilulifera kuraklık tuzluluk vejetatif büyüme vigor indeks
Kaynakça
- Arslan I, Celik A, Chol JH (2012). A cytotoxic triterpenoid saponin from under-ground parts of Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. Fitoterapia 83(4): 699-703.
- Chima NK, Nahar L, Majinda RRT, Çelik S, Sarker SD (2014). Assessment of free-radical scavenging activity of Gypsophila pilulifera: assay-guided isolation of verbascoside as the main active component. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 24(2014) : 38-43.
- Çırak C, Esendal E (2006). Soyada kuraklık stresi. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21(2): 231-237.
- Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Ekim T, Koyuncu M, Vural M, Duman H, Aytaç Z, Adıgüzel N (2000). Pteriophyta and Spermatophyta. Red Data Book of Turkish Plants. Ankara: Barışcan Ofset.
- Ertekin İ, Yılmaz Ş, Atak M, Can E, Çeliktaş N (2017). Effects of salt stress on germination of some common Vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University 22(2): 10-18.
- Esen AHS, Özgür R, Uzilday B, Tanyolaç ZÖ, Dinc A (2012). The response of the xerophytic plant Gypsophila aucheri to salt and drought stresses: the role of the antioxidant defence system. Turkish Journal of Botany 36(6): 697-706.
- Gevrenova R, Stancheva T, Voynikov Y, Laurain-Mattar D, Henry M (2010). Root in vitro cultures of six Gypsophila species and their saponin contents. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 47(3): 97-104.
- Gosh P, Dash PK, Rituraj S, Mannan MA (2014). Effect of salinity on germination, growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) varieties. International Journal of Biosciences 5(1): 37-48.
- Hu JJ, Zhu ZY, Song WJ, Wang JC, Hu WM (2005). Effects of sand priming on germination and field performance in direct-sown rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Science and Technology 33: 243-248.
- ISTA (2007). International Rules for Seed Testing. Edition 2007. Bassersdorf: International Seed Testing Association.
- Jamil A, Riaz S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR (2011). Gene expression profiling of plants under salt stress. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 30(5): 435-458.
- Kalefetoğlu T, Ekmekçi Y (2005). The effect of drought on plant sand tolerance mechanisms. Gazi University Journal of Science 18(4): 723-740.
- Karakaş S, Çullu MA, Dikilitaş M (2015). Germination and development status of Salsola soda and Portulaca oleracea from halophyte plants against NaCl stress in in vitro conditions. Harran Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences 9(2): 66-74.
- Kaya AS, Karagüzel Ö, Aydinşakir K, Kazaz S, Özçelik A (2012). The usage possibilities of some Gypsophila (Gypsophila sp.) species that grow naturally in Turkey as ornamental plants. Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Derim Dergisi 29(1): 37-47.
- Korkmaz H, Durmaz A (2017). Responses of plants to abiotic stress factors. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 7(2): 192-207.
- Kumar M (2013). Crop plants and abiotic stress. Biomolecular Research & Therapeutics 3(1): e125.
- Kurt H (2017). Çevre sorunlarının kavşağında biyolojik çeşitlilik. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 22(3): 825-837.
- Mujeeb F, Bajpai P, Pathak N (2014). Phytochemical evaluation, antimicrobial activity, and determination of bioactive components from leaves of Aegle marmelos. BioMed research international 2014: 497606, 11.
- Murashige T, Skoog FA (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Plant Physiology 15: 473-97.
- Özbek Yazıcı S, Özmen İ (2018). Effect of the crude saponin extract from Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. on protease from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and antioxidant properties of the extract. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology. Transaction A, Science 42(4): 1707-1713.
- Özçelik H, Muca B (2010). Distribution of species belonging to Ankyropetalum Fenzl (Caryophyllaceae) in Turkey and habitat features. Biological Sciences Research Journal 3(2): 47-56.
- Özçelik H, Özgökçe F (2021). Taxonomic contributions to genus Gypsophila in Turkey and a new taxon from Erzurum: G. venusta subsp. staminea. Anatolian Journal of Botany 5(1): 6-18.
- Özçelik H, Yıldırım B (2011). Economic importance, usage possibilities, and protection of Turkish cohos (Gypsophila L. and Ankyropetalum Fenzl spp.). SDU Faculty of Forestry Journal 12: 57-61.
- Öztürk NZ (2015). What are known and new approaches in the response of plants to drought stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 3(5): 307-315.
- Partheeban C, Chandrasekhar C N, Jeyakumar P, Ravikesavan R, Gnanam R (2017). Effect of PEG induced drought stress on seed germination and seedling characters of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6(5): 1095-110.
- Patade VY, Kumari M, Ahmed Z. (2011). Chemical seed priming as a simple technique to impart coldand salt stress tolerance in Capsicum. Journal of Crop Improvement 25(5): 497-503.
- Salisbury FB, Ross CW (1992). Plant Physiology. 4.ed. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
- Sekmen AH, Turkan I, Tanyolac ZO, Ozfidan C, Dinc A (2012). Different antioxidant defense responses to salt stress during germination and vegetative stages of endemic halophyte Gypsophila oblanceolata BARK. Environmental and Experimental Botany 77: 63-76.
- Şimşek Ö, Dönmez D, Aka Kaçar Y (2018). Investigation of the performance of some Citrus rootstocks in in vitro drought stress conditions. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 28(3): 305-310.
- Wang W, Vinocur B, Shoseyov O, Altman A (2004). Role of planth eat shock proteins and molecular chaperones in the bioticstress response. Trends in Plant Science 9(5): 244-252.
- Williams FN (1989). Revision of the forms of the genus Gypsophila L. Jown Botanica of London 27: 321-329.
In vitro germination and vegetative growth characteristics of Gypsophila pilulifera (Caryophyllaceae) seeds grown under abiotic stress conditions
Öz
Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. is an economically important critically endangered (CR) endemic species of Turkey. This species is a Mediterranean element and type sample is located in square C3 (Antalya). Plants are much more sensitive to abiotic stress factors, especially during germination and seedling development stages. In this study, in vitro germination and seedling growth properties of G. pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. (Caryophyllaceae) were investigated under salt and drought stress. The seeds were cultured in hormone-free MS media containing increasing doses of NaCl (50, 100, 150, 200 mM) and PEG 6000 (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). Germinated seeds were counted every three days for the first week and every day for the second week. The root and hypocotyl length, number of leaves, fresh weight and vigor index of the plants were determined at the end of 21 days. A negative correlation was determined between increased salt and drought stress and all vegetative growth parameters. Although germination was obtained on MS medium with the highest level of drought (20%), there was no germination on MS medium containing 200 mM NaCl. As a result, it was determined that the plant was more sensitive to salinity stress than drought and high salt concentrations inhibited the germination by 100%.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gypsophila pilulifera Drought Salinity Vegetative growth Vigor index
Kaynakça
- Arslan I, Celik A, Chol JH (2012). A cytotoxic triterpenoid saponin from under-ground parts of Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. Fitoterapia 83(4): 699-703.
- Chima NK, Nahar L, Majinda RRT, Çelik S, Sarker SD (2014). Assessment of free-radical scavenging activity of Gypsophila pilulifera: assay-guided isolation of verbascoside as the main active component. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia 24(2014) : 38-43.
- Çırak C, Esendal E (2006). Soyada kuraklık stresi. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 21(2): 231-237.
- Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
- Ekim T, Koyuncu M, Vural M, Duman H, Aytaç Z, Adıgüzel N (2000). Pteriophyta and Spermatophyta. Red Data Book of Turkish Plants. Ankara: Barışcan Ofset.
- Ertekin İ, Yılmaz Ş, Atak M, Can E, Çeliktaş N (2017). Effects of salt stress on germination of some common Vetch (Vicia sativa L.) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Mustafa Kemal University 22(2): 10-18.
- Esen AHS, Özgür R, Uzilday B, Tanyolaç ZÖ, Dinc A (2012). The response of the xerophytic plant Gypsophila aucheri to salt and drought stresses: the role of the antioxidant defence system. Turkish Journal of Botany 36(6): 697-706.
- Gevrenova R, Stancheva T, Voynikov Y, Laurain-Mattar D, Henry M (2010). Root in vitro cultures of six Gypsophila species and their saponin contents. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 47(3): 97-104.
- Gosh P, Dash PK, Rituraj S, Mannan MA (2014). Effect of salinity on germination, growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) varieties. International Journal of Biosciences 5(1): 37-48.
- Hu JJ, Zhu ZY, Song WJ, Wang JC, Hu WM (2005). Effects of sand priming on germination and field performance in direct-sown rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Science and Technology 33: 243-248.
- ISTA (2007). International Rules for Seed Testing. Edition 2007. Bassersdorf: International Seed Testing Association.
- Jamil A, Riaz S, Ashraf M, Foolad MR (2011). Gene expression profiling of plants under salt stress. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 30(5): 435-458.
- Kalefetoğlu T, Ekmekçi Y (2005). The effect of drought on plant sand tolerance mechanisms. Gazi University Journal of Science 18(4): 723-740.
- Karakaş S, Çullu MA, Dikilitaş M (2015). Germination and development status of Salsola soda and Portulaca oleracea from halophyte plants against NaCl stress in in vitro conditions. Harran Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences 9(2): 66-74.
- Kaya AS, Karagüzel Ö, Aydinşakir K, Kazaz S, Özçelik A (2012). The usage possibilities of some Gypsophila (Gypsophila sp.) species that grow naturally in Turkey as ornamental plants. Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Derim Dergisi 29(1): 37-47.
- Korkmaz H, Durmaz A (2017). Responses of plants to abiotic stress factors. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 7(2): 192-207.
- Kumar M (2013). Crop plants and abiotic stress. Biomolecular Research & Therapeutics 3(1): e125.
- Kurt H (2017). Çevre sorunlarının kavşağında biyolojik çeşitlilik. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 22(3): 825-837.
- Mujeeb F, Bajpai P, Pathak N (2014). Phytochemical evaluation, antimicrobial activity, and determination of bioactive components from leaves of Aegle marmelos. BioMed research international 2014: 497606, 11.
- Murashige T, Skoog FA (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Plant Physiology 15: 473-97.
- Özbek Yazıcı S, Özmen İ (2018). Effect of the crude saponin extract from Gypsophila pilulifera Boiss. & Heldr. on protease from Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and antioxidant properties of the extract. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology. Transaction A, Science 42(4): 1707-1713.
- Özçelik H, Muca B (2010). Distribution of species belonging to Ankyropetalum Fenzl (Caryophyllaceae) in Turkey and habitat features. Biological Sciences Research Journal 3(2): 47-56.
- Özçelik H, Özgökçe F (2021). Taxonomic contributions to genus Gypsophila in Turkey and a new taxon from Erzurum: G. venusta subsp. staminea. Anatolian Journal of Botany 5(1): 6-18.
- Özçelik H, Yıldırım B (2011). Economic importance, usage possibilities, and protection of Turkish cohos (Gypsophila L. and Ankyropetalum Fenzl spp.). SDU Faculty of Forestry Journal 12: 57-61.
- Öztürk NZ (2015). What are known and new approaches in the response of plants to drought stress. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 3(5): 307-315.
- Partheeban C, Chandrasekhar C N, Jeyakumar P, Ravikesavan R, Gnanam R (2017). Effect of PEG induced drought stress on seed germination and seedling characters of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6(5): 1095-110.
- Patade VY, Kumari M, Ahmed Z. (2011). Chemical seed priming as a simple technique to impart coldand salt stress tolerance in Capsicum. Journal of Crop Improvement 25(5): 497-503.
- Salisbury FB, Ross CW (1992). Plant Physiology. 4.ed. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
- Sekmen AH, Turkan I, Tanyolac ZO, Ozfidan C, Dinc A (2012). Different antioxidant defense responses to salt stress during germination and vegetative stages of endemic halophyte Gypsophila oblanceolata BARK. Environmental and Experimental Botany 77: 63-76.
- Şimşek Ö, Dönmez D, Aka Kaçar Y (2018). Investigation of the performance of some Citrus rootstocks in in vitro drought stress conditions. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 28(3): 305-310.
- Wang W, Vinocur B, Shoseyov O, Altman A (2004). Role of planth eat shock proteins and molecular chaperones in the bioticstress response. Trends in Plant Science 9(5): 244-252.
- Williams FN (1989). Revision of the forms of the genus Gypsophila L. Jown Botanica of London 27: 321-329.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Yapısal Biyoloji |
| Bölüm | Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Kasım 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 12 Temmuz 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2 |
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