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Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump

Year 2014, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 51 - 58, 28.08.2014

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscular activation strategies of professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump. Twenty male soccer players, consisting of 10 amateurs (age: 22.9±3.1 year, training status: 12.2±3.1 year) and 10 professionals (age: 22.2±2.5year, training status: 13.7±2.7year) volunteered to participate in the study. Dominant leg surface electromyography activities of five muscles were recorded during countermovement jump. In addition, isokinetic strength of knee flexor and extensors, peak and average power were calculated. According to our results, the average countermovement jump heights were calculated for amateurs (37.1±3.12 cm) and professionals (41.3±2.58 cm). Furthermore, gastrocnemius muscle activation occurred significantly higher in professional soccer players than that of the amateur soccer players during propulsion (between -150ms and -120ms) and flight phase (between 150ms and 270ms) (p<0,05). Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and biceps femoris muscles contraction values were almost similar in both amateur and professional soccer players which their age, training year and muscle strengths are similar. It could be concluded that pre-activation and post landing phase are important for the jumping performance for both groups; however; the high activation of gastrocnemious muscle could be one of the important determinant for the superior jump performance

References

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  • Babic J, Lenaric J. Vertical Jump: Biomechanical Analysis and Simulation Study Humanoid Robots. Slovenia: Publisher I- Tech Education and Publishing, 2007; 552-565.
  • Baratta R, Solomonow M, Zhou BH, Letson D, Chuinard R, D’Am- brosia R. Muscular coactivation: the role of the antagonist muscula- ture in maintaining knee stability. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 1988; 16: 113-22.
  • Bobbert MF, Gerritsen KG, Litjens MC, Van Soest AJ. Why is countermovement jump height greater than squat jump height? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1996; 28(11): 1402-1412.
  • Bosco C, Viitasalo JT. Potentiation of myoelectrical activity of human muscles in vertical jumps. Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1982; 22: 549-562.
  • Canavan PK, Vescovi JD. Evaluation of power prediction equations: peak vertical jumping power in women. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2004; 36(9): 1589-1593.
  • Carlock JM, Smith SL, Hartman MJ, Morris RT, Ciroslan DA, Pierce KC, Newton RU, Harman EA, Sands WA, Stone MH. The relationship between vertical jump power estimates and weightlifting ability: a field-test approach. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2004; 18(3): 534-539.
  • Cerrah AO, Onarici Gungor E, Soylu AR, Ertan H, Lees A, Bayrak C. Muscular Activation patterns during the Soccer In- Step Kick. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 2011; 19: 181-190.
  • Cometti G, Maffiuletti NA, Pousson M, Chatard JC, Maffulli N. Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power of elite, subelite and amateur French soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2001; 22(1): 45-51.
  • Cormie P, McGuigan MR, Newton RU. Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2010; 42: 1582-1598.
  • Edwards S, Steele JR, Cook JL, Purdam CR, McGhee DE. Lower limb movement symmetry cannot be assumed when investigating the stop-jump landing. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2012; 44(6): 1123-1130.
  • Fukashiro S, Komi PV. Joint moment and mechanical flow of the lower limb during vertical jump. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 1987; 8: 15-21.
  • Gerodimos V, Zafeiridis A, Perkos S, Dipla K, Manou V, Kellis S. The contribution of stretch-shortening cycle and arm- swing to vertical jumping performance in children, adolescents, and adult basketball players. Pediatric Exercise Science, 2008; 20(4): 379 - 89.
  • Hertogh C, Hue O. Jump evaluation of elite volleyball players using two methods: jump power equations and force platform. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2002; 42: 300-303.
  • Hubley CL, Wells RP. A Work-Energy Approach to Determine Individual Joint Contributions to Vertical Jump Performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1983; 50: 247-254.
  • Horita T, Komi PV, Nicol C, Kyröläinen H. Interaction between pre-landing activities and stiffness regulation of the knee joint musculoskeletal system in the drop jump: implications to performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2002; 88(1-2): 76-84.
  • Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Randers MB, Kjær M, Andersen LL, Krustrup P, Aagaard P. The effect of strength training, recreational soccer and running exercise on stretch shortening cycle muscle performance during countermovement jumping. Human Movement Science, 2012; 31(4): 970-986.
  • Johnson DL, Bahamonde R. Power output estimate in university athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 1996; 10(3): 161-166.
  • Jacobs R, Bobbert MF, Ingen-Schenau GJV. Mechanical output from individual muscle during explosive leg extensions: the role of biarticular muscles. Journal of Biomechanics, 1996; 29(4): 513-523.
  • Kakihana W, Suzuki S. The EMG activity and mechanics of the running jump as a function of takeoff angle. Journal of Electromyography & Kinesiology, 2001; 11(5): 365-372.
  • Oliver J, Armstrong N, Williams C. Changes in jump performance and muscle activity following soccer-specific exercise. Journal of Sports Science, 2008; 26(2): 141-148.
  • Onarıcı Güngör E., Cerrah A.O., Soylu A.R., Ertan H., Sevil G., Muscular Activation Strategies during Countermovement Jump in Female Volleyball, International Association of Computer Science in Sport, Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium, 2009, 136-146.
  • Pereira R, Machado M, Miragaya dos Santos M, Pereira LN, Sampaio-Jorge F. Muscle activation sequence compromises vertical jump performance. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences, 2008; 2(14): 85-90.
  • Perotto AO. Anatomical guide for the electromyography: the limbs and the trunk. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1994.
  • Stolen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wislİff U. Review article: physiology of soccer. Sports Medicine, 2005; 35 (6): 501-536.
  • Stone MH, Stone ME, Sands WA. Principles and Practice of Resistance Training. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2007.
  • Urabe Y, Kobayashi R, Sumida S, Tanaka K, Yoshida N, Nishiwaki GA, Tsutsumi E, Ochi M., Electromyographic analysis of the knee during jump landing in male and female athletes. Knee, 2005; 12(2): 129-134.
  • Vanezis A, Lees. A, Biomechanical analysis of good and poor performers of the vertical jump. Ergonomics, 2005; 11: 1594- 1603. 29. Vescovi JD, Brown TD, Murray TM. Descriptive characteristics of NCAA Division I women lacrosse players. Journal of Sport Science and Medicine in Sport, 2007; 10(5), 334-340.
  • Wislİff U, Castagna C, Helgerud J, Jones R, Hoff J. Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2004; 38: 285-288.
Year 2014, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 51 - 58, 28.08.2014

Abstract

References

  • Aagaard P, Simonsen EB, Andersen JL, Magnusson P, Dyhre- Poulsen P. Increased rate of force development and neural drive of human skeletal muscle following resistance training. Journal of Applied Phycology, 2002; 93:1318-1326.
  • Babic J, Lenaric J. Vertical Jump: Biomechanical Analysis and Simulation Study Humanoid Robots. Slovenia: Publisher I- Tech Education and Publishing, 2007; 552-565.
  • Baratta R, Solomonow M, Zhou BH, Letson D, Chuinard R, D’Am- brosia R. Muscular coactivation: the role of the antagonist muscula- ture in maintaining knee stability. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 1988; 16: 113-22.
  • Bobbert MF, Gerritsen KG, Litjens MC, Van Soest AJ. Why is countermovement jump height greater than squat jump height? Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1996; 28(11): 1402-1412.
  • Bosco C, Viitasalo JT. Potentiation of myoelectrical activity of human muscles in vertical jumps. Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1982; 22: 549-562.
  • Canavan PK, Vescovi JD. Evaluation of power prediction equations: peak vertical jumping power in women. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2004; 36(9): 1589-1593.
  • Carlock JM, Smith SL, Hartman MJ, Morris RT, Ciroslan DA, Pierce KC, Newton RU, Harman EA, Sands WA, Stone MH. The relationship between vertical jump power estimates and weightlifting ability: a field-test approach. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2004; 18(3): 534-539.
  • Cerrah AO, Onarici Gungor E, Soylu AR, Ertan H, Lees A, Bayrak C. Muscular Activation patterns during the Soccer In- Step Kick. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 2011; 19: 181-190.
  • Cometti G, Maffiuletti NA, Pousson M, Chatard JC, Maffulli N. Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power of elite, subelite and amateur French soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 2001; 22(1): 45-51.
  • Cormie P, McGuigan MR, Newton RU. Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2010; 42: 1582-1598.
  • Edwards S, Steele JR, Cook JL, Purdam CR, McGhee DE. Lower limb movement symmetry cannot be assumed when investigating the stop-jump landing. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 2012; 44(6): 1123-1130.
  • Fukashiro S, Komi PV. Joint moment and mechanical flow of the lower limb during vertical jump. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 1987; 8: 15-21.
  • Gerodimos V, Zafeiridis A, Perkos S, Dipla K, Manou V, Kellis S. The contribution of stretch-shortening cycle and arm- swing to vertical jumping performance in children, adolescents, and adult basketball players. Pediatric Exercise Science, 2008; 20(4): 379 - 89.
  • Hertogh C, Hue O. Jump evaluation of elite volleyball players using two methods: jump power equations and force platform. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 2002; 42: 300-303.
  • Hubley CL, Wells RP. A Work-Energy Approach to Determine Individual Joint Contributions to Vertical Jump Performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 1983; 50: 247-254.
  • Horita T, Komi PV, Nicol C, Kyröläinen H. Interaction between pre-landing activities and stiffness regulation of the knee joint musculoskeletal system in the drop jump: implications to performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2002; 88(1-2): 76-84.
  • Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Randers MB, Kjær M, Andersen LL, Krustrup P, Aagaard P. The effect of strength training, recreational soccer and running exercise on stretch shortening cycle muscle performance during countermovement jumping. Human Movement Science, 2012; 31(4): 970-986.
  • Johnson DL, Bahamonde R. Power output estimate in university athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 1996; 10(3): 161-166.
  • Jacobs R, Bobbert MF, Ingen-Schenau GJV. Mechanical output from individual muscle during explosive leg extensions: the role of biarticular muscles. Journal of Biomechanics, 1996; 29(4): 513-523.
  • Kakihana W, Suzuki S. The EMG activity and mechanics of the running jump as a function of takeoff angle. Journal of Electromyography & Kinesiology, 2001; 11(5): 365-372.
  • Oliver J, Armstrong N, Williams C. Changes in jump performance and muscle activity following soccer-specific exercise. Journal of Sports Science, 2008; 26(2): 141-148.
  • Onarıcı Güngör E., Cerrah A.O., Soylu A.R., Ertan H., Sevil G., Muscular Activation Strategies during Countermovement Jump in Female Volleyball, International Association of Computer Science in Sport, Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium, 2009, 136-146.
  • Pereira R, Machado M, Miragaya dos Santos M, Pereira LN, Sampaio-Jorge F. Muscle activation sequence compromises vertical jump performance. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences, 2008; 2(14): 85-90.
  • Perotto AO. Anatomical guide for the electromyography: the limbs and the trunk. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1994.
  • Stolen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wislİff U. Review article: physiology of soccer. Sports Medicine, 2005; 35 (6): 501-536.
  • Stone MH, Stone ME, Sands WA. Principles and Practice of Resistance Training. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2007.
  • Urabe Y, Kobayashi R, Sumida S, Tanaka K, Yoshida N, Nishiwaki GA, Tsutsumi E, Ochi M., Electromyographic analysis of the knee during jump landing in male and female athletes. Knee, 2005; 12(2): 129-134.
  • Vanezis A, Lees. A, Biomechanical analysis of good and poor performers of the vertical jump. Ergonomics, 2005; 11: 1594- 1603. 29. Vescovi JD, Brown TD, Murray TM. Descriptive characteristics of NCAA Division I women lacrosse players. Journal of Sport Science and Medicine in Sport, 2007; 10(5), 334-340.
  • Wislİff U, Castagna C, Helgerud J, Jones R, Hoff J. Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2004; 38: 285-288.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ali Cerrah

Elvin Onarıcı Gungor

Abdullah Soylu This is me

Hayri Ertan

Publication Date August 28, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 16 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Cerrah, A., Onarıcı Gungor, E., Soylu, A., Ertan, H. (2014). Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 16(2), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.15314/tjse.91011
AMA Cerrah A, Onarıcı Gungor E, Soylu A, Ertan H. Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump. Turk J Sport Exe. November 2014;16(2):51-58. doi:10.15314/tjse.91011
Chicago Cerrah, Ali, Elvin Onarıcı Gungor, Abdullah Soylu, and Hayri Ertan. “Muscular Activation Differences Between Professional and Amateur Soccer Players During Countermovement Jump”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 16, no. 2 (November 2014): 51-58. https://doi.org/10.15314/tjse.91011.
EndNote Cerrah A, Onarıcı Gungor E, Soylu A, Ertan H (November 1, 2014) Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 16 2 51–58.
IEEE A. Cerrah, E. Onarıcı Gungor, A. Soylu, and H. Ertan, “Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump”, Turk J Sport Exe, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 51–58, 2014, doi: 10.15314/tjse.91011.
ISNAD Cerrah, Ali et al. “Muscular Activation Differences Between Professional and Amateur Soccer Players During Countermovement Jump”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise 16/2 (November 2014), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.15314/tjse.91011.
JAMA Cerrah A, Onarıcı Gungor E, Soylu A, Ertan H. Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump. Turk J Sport Exe. 2014;16:51–58.
MLA Cerrah, Ali et al. “Muscular Activation Differences Between Professional and Amateur Soccer Players During Countermovement Jump”. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, vol. 16, no. 2, 2014, pp. 51-58, doi:10.15314/tjse.91011.
Vancouver Cerrah A, Onarıcı Gungor E, Soylu A, Ertan H. Muscular activation differences between professional and amateur soccer players during countermovement jump. Turk J Sport Exe. 2014;16(2):51-8.

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