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Çeltikte (Oryza sativa L.) Tarla Koşullarında Tuz Stresine Toleransı Arttıracak Uygun Organik Gübreleme ve Mikorizal Yöntemlerin Tespiti

Year 2016, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 17 - 27, 15.06.2016

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı; çeltikte tuzlu ortamlarda toleransı artıracak uygun organik gübreleme ve mikorizal yöntemlerin
tespitidir. Bunun için doğal tuz stresi altındaki çeltiklerde bazı agronomik, biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik parametreler
araştırılmıştır. Çimlenme aşamasından hasat dönemine kadar bitkiler tuzlu nehir suları ile tarla koşullarında yetiştirilmiş ve
sadece gübreleme olarak mikoriza, belediye katı atık, çay yaprakları, saman, zeytin gübresi ve tavuk gübresinin değişik
oranlarda karışımları ile elde edilen gübrelerle uygulama yapılmıştır. Hasat dönemine gelen bitkilerden örnekleme ile bitkiler
alınarak bunlardan agronomik (bitki boyu, yaprak sayısı, yaprak kın uzunluğu, kardeşlenme, yaprak alanı, salkım boyu,
kavuzlu, kırıklı/kırıksız ve 1000 dane ağırlıkları), biyokimyasal (klorofil a ve b değerleri), fizyolojik analizler (köklerde Na, K,
Ca, Si) yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; vejetatif karakterlerin (yaprak sayısı hariç) MSW, MSW+çay yaprakları+saman, MSW+çay
yaprakları+saman+tavuk veya zeytin gübreli denemelerle, klorofil b miktarının mikoriza hariç diğer denemelerle (saman, tavuk
ve zeytinli denemeler), kökte düşük Na mineral seviyesinin ve klorofil a seviyesindeki artışlarının (biyokimyasal parametre)
özellikle mikorizal + MSW ikilisi veya mikoriza + MSW + çay’lı denemelerle sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bunlara ilaveten
verim düşüşünde bir değişim olmamıştır; ama bazı katkılar gerekmektedir. En iyi denemenin, 2 no’lu test yani saman
(100kg/dönüm) + MSW (75g/2,5m2
) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısıyla tespit edilen oranlarla yapılan organik atık ve
mikorizal gübrelemenin tuz stresine karşı bitkiyi koruyucu olduğu anlaşılmıştır. 

References

  • Al-Karaki, G.N., Hammad, R. & Rusan, M. 2001. Response of two tomato cultivars differing in salt tolerance to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi under salt stress. Mycorrhiza, 11: 43–47.
  • Anonymous, 2003. Tarımsal Değerleri Ölçme Denemeleri Teknik Talimatı. http://www.tarim.gov.tr/BUGEM/TTSM/Belgeler/Tescil/Teknik%20Talimatlar/S%C4%B1cak%20%C4%B0klim%20Tah%C4%B1llar%C4%B1/%C3%A7eltik.pdf (accessed on 15.11.2015)
  • Barbera, A.C., Maucieri, C., Cavallaro, V., Ioppolo, A. & Spagna, G. 2013. Effects of spreading olive mill wastewater on soil properties and crops, a review. Agricultural Water Management, 119: 43– 53.
  • Campanelli, A., Ruta, C., De Mastro, G. & Morone-Fortunato, I. 2013. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviating salt stress in Medicago sativa L. var. icon. Symbiosis, 59: 65–76.
  • Cantrell, I.C. & Linderman RG. 2001. Preinoculation of lettuce and onion with VA mycorrhizal fungi reduces deleterious effects of soil salinity. Plant and Soil, 233: 269–281.
  • Crosland A.R., Zhao, F.J., McGrath, S.P. & Lane, P.W. 1995. Comparison of aqua regia digestion with sodium carbonate fusion for the determination of total phosphorus in soils by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP). Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 26(9-10): 1357-1368.
  • Dodd, I.C., Ruíz-Lozano, J.M. 2012. Microbial enhancement of crop resource use efficiency. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 23: 236–242.
  • FAOSTAT, http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm. (accessed on 01.06.2012).
  • Hajiboland, R., Aliasgharzadeh, N., Laiegh, S.F. & Poschenrieder C. 2010. Colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improves salinity tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants. Plant and Soil, 331: 313–327.
  • Hargreaves J.C., Adl M.S. & Warman, P.R. 2008. A review of the use of composted municipal solid waste in agriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 123: 1–14.
  • İnal A., Sözüdoğru, S. & Erden, D. 1996. Tavuk Gübresinin içeriği ve Gübre Değeri. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(3): 45-50.
  • Li, S.X., Wang, Z., Li, S., Gao, Y. & Tian, X. 2013. Effect of plastic sheet mulch, wheat straw mulch, and maize growth on water loss by evaporation in dry land are as of China. Agric. Water Manage, 116: 39–49.
  • Li, J.G., Pu, L.J., Han, M.F., Zhu, M., Zhang, R.S. & Xiang, Y.Z. 2014. Soil salinization research in China: advances and prospects. J Geogr Sci, 24: 943–960.
  • Lichtenthaler, H.K. & Wellburn, R.R. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of extracts in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions, 603: 591–592.
  • Lozano-García, B., Parras-Alcántara, L. & del Toro Carrillo de Albornoz, M. 2011. Effects of oil mill wastes on surface soil properties, runoff and soil losses in traditional olive groves in southern Spain. Catena, 85: 187–193.
  • Mechri, B., Chehebb, H., Boussadia, O., Attia, F., Mariem, F.B., Braham, M. & Hammami, M., 2011. Effects of agronomic application of olive mill wastewater in a field of olive trees on carbohydrate profiles, chlorophyll a fluorescence and mineral nutrient content. Environ. Exp. Bot., 71: 184–191.
  • Mulumba, L.N. & Lal, R. 2008. Mulching effects on selected soil physical properties. Soil Tillage Res., 98: 106–111.
  • Nasini L., Gigliotti, G., M. Balduccini, A., Federici, E., Cenci, G. & Proietti, P. 2013. Effect of solid olive-mill waste amendment on soil fertility and olive (Olea europaea L.) tree activity. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 164: 292–297.
  • Ouni, Y., Mateos-Naranjo, E., Lakhdar, A., Andrades-Moreno, L., Abdelly, C. & Barhoumi, Z. 2014. Municipal Solid Waste Compost Application Improves the Negative Impact of Saline Soil in Two Forage Species. Communıcatıons in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 45(10): 1421-1434.
  • Özdemir, N., Yakupoglu, T. & Dengiz, O. 2009. The effects of bio-solid and tea waste application into different levels of eroded soil on N, P and K concentrations. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 156: 109–118.
  • Pang, H., Li, Y., Yang, J. & Liang, Y. 2010. Effect of brackish water irrigation and straw mulching on soil salinity and crop yields under monsoonal climatic conditions. Agricultural Water Management, 97: 1971–1977.
  • Rice standart systems, SES. 2013. Standart evaluation systems for rice, IRRI, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philipinnes, 6–12 pp.
  • Rodd, A.V., Warman, P.R., Hicklenton, P. & Webb, K. 2002. Comparison of N fertilizer, source-seperated municipal solid waste compost and semi-solid beef manure on the nutrient concentration in boot-stage barley and wheat tissue. Can. J. Soil Sci., 82: 33–43.
  • Ruíz-Lozano, J.M., Azcón N.R & Gómez, M. 1996. Alleviation of salt stress by arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomus species in Lactuca sativa plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 98: 767–772.
  • Singh, R.K. & Flowers, T.J. 2011. Physiology and molecular biology of the effects of salinity on rice, in: M. Pessarakli (ed.) Handbook of plant and crop stress, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group 3rd edition, 899-939.
  • Soumar, M., Tack, F.M.G. & Verloo, M.G. 2003. Effects of a municipal solid waste compost and mineral fertilization on plant growth in two tropical agricultural soils of Mali. Bioresource Technology, 86: 15–20.
  • Soyergin, S., Uysal E. & Albayrak, B. 2011. Zeytin Kekinin (Pirinanın) Kompost Yapım Teknikleri ve Organik Gübre Olarak Kullanım Olanaklarının Araştırılması. http://orgprints.org/20682/ (accessed on 25.04.2016).
  • Taban S., Turan, M.A. & Katkat, A.V. 2010. Tarımda Organik Madde ve Tavuk Gübresi. http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/tavukculuk/Belgeler/web%20English%20Doc/journal%20%28Dergimiz%29/Dergimiz%20Cilt%2010%20Ozel%20sayi/Cilt%2010%20Ozel%20Sayi%201%20Makale%201%20Tar%C4%B1mda%20Organik%20Madde%20ve%20Tavuk%20G%C3%BCbresi.pdf (accessed on 15.11.2015)
  • Tian, C.Y., Feng, G., Li, X.L. & Zhang, F.S. 2004. Different effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates from saline or non-saline soil on salinity tolerance of plants. Applied Soil Ecology, 26: 143–148.
  • Wang, S., Liu, P., Liu, D. & Lu, S. 2001. Plastic film covering is the key measure for high yield of corn in terraced land in north Shaanxi. Agric. Res. Arid Areas, 19: 20–25 (in Chinese).
  • Wu, N., Zhen, L., Hongguang, L. & Ming, T. 2015. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza on photosynthesis and water status of Populus cathayana Rehder males and females under salt stress. Acta Physiol Plant, 37: 183. DOI 10.1007/s11738-015-1932-6.
  • Zhao, Y., Huancheng, P., J. Wang, Long, H. & Yuyi, L. 2014. Effects of straw mulch and buried straw on soil moisture and salinity in relation to sunflower growth and yield. Field Crops Research, 161: 16–25.

THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Year 2016, Volume: 17 Issue: 1, 17 - 27, 15.06.2016

Abstract

This study was performed in order to identify the appropriate organic fertilizer and mycorrhizal methods for promoting rice tolerance in response to salty environmental conditions. For this purpose, some agronomic, biochemical and physiological parameters were investigated in rice under natural salt stress. The plants were grown in saline field conditions from germination to harvest stage and fertilizing consisted of only a mixture of different ratios of mycorrhizal, municipal solid waste (MSW), waste tea leaves, straw, olive manure and chicken manure. Samples of the plants were taken when they reached harvesting stage and their agronomical properties (plant height, number of leaves, leaf sheaths length, tillering, leaf area, panicle length, total and milled rice values and 1000 grain weight) were recorded and biochemical (chlorophyll a and b) and physiological analysis (Na, K, Ca, Si amounts in roots) were performed. The results showed that improvements in vegetative characters except leaf number were obtained with trials with MSW, MSW+waste tea leaves+straw or MSW+waste tea leaves+straw+chicken or olive manure including fertilizers, increase in chlorophyll b content was obtained with trials except with mycorrhiza, and decreased root Na levels and increases in chlorophyll a content (biochemical parameter) were obtained particularly with trials with of the mycorrhiza+MSW pair or mycorrhiza+MSW+waste tea leave mixture. The best fertilizing mixture, straw (100kg/decare) + MSW (75g / 2,5m2), was in experiment no: 2. Additionally, there was no change in the low yield; but certain additives were necessary. In conclusion, organic waste and mycorrhizal fertilizer applications with specific ratios were determined to have a protective effect on plants against salt stress. 

References

  • Al-Karaki, G.N., Hammad, R. & Rusan, M. 2001. Response of two tomato cultivars differing in salt tolerance to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi under salt stress. Mycorrhiza, 11: 43–47.
  • Anonymous, 2003. Tarımsal Değerleri Ölçme Denemeleri Teknik Talimatı. http://www.tarim.gov.tr/BUGEM/TTSM/Belgeler/Tescil/Teknik%20Talimatlar/S%C4%B1cak%20%C4%B0klim%20Tah%C4%B1llar%C4%B1/%C3%A7eltik.pdf (accessed on 15.11.2015)
  • Barbera, A.C., Maucieri, C., Cavallaro, V., Ioppolo, A. & Spagna, G. 2013. Effects of spreading olive mill wastewater on soil properties and crops, a review. Agricultural Water Management, 119: 43– 53.
  • Campanelli, A., Ruta, C., De Mastro, G. & Morone-Fortunato, I. 2013. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in alleviating salt stress in Medicago sativa L. var. icon. Symbiosis, 59: 65–76.
  • Cantrell, I.C. & Linderman RG. 2001. Preinoculation of lettuce and onion with VA mycorrhizal fungi reduces deleterious effects of soil salinity. Plant and Soil, 233: 269–281.
  • Crosland A.R., Zhao, F.J., McGrath, S.P. & Lane, P.W. 1995. Comparison of aqua regia digestion with sodium carbonate fusion for the determination of total phosphorus in soils by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP). Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 26(9-10): 1357-1368.
  • Dodd, I.C., Ruíz-Lozano, J.M. 2012. Microbial enhancement of crop resource use efficiency. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 23: 236–242.
  • FAOSTAT, http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm. (accessed on 01.06.2012).
  • Hajiboland, R., Aliasgharzadeh, N., Laiegh, S.F. & Poschenrieder C. 2010. Colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improves salinity tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants. Plant and Soil, 331: 313–327.
  • Hargreaves J.C., Adl M.S. & Warman, P.R. 2008. A review of the use of composted municipal solid waste in agriculture. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 123: 1–14.
  • İnal A., Sözüdoğru, S. & Erden, D. 1996. Tavuk Gübresinin içeriği ve Gübre Değeri. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(3): 45-50.
  • Li, S.X., Wang, Z., Li, S., Gao, Y. & Tian, X. 2013. Effect of plastic sheet mulch, wheat straw mulch, and maize growth on water loss by evaporation in dry land are as of China. Agric. Water Manage, 116: 39–49.
  • Li, J.G., Pu, L.J., Han, M.F., Zhu, M., Zhang, R.S. & Xiang, Y.Z. 2014. Soil salinization research in China: advances and prospects. J Geogr Sci, 24: 943–960.
  • Lichtenthaler, H.K. & Wellburn, R.R. 1983. Determination of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of extracts in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions, 603: 591–592.
  • Lozano-García, B., Parras-Alcántara, L. & del Toro Carrillo de Albornoz, M. 2011. Effects of oil mill wastes on surface soil properties, runoff and soil losses in traditional olive groves in southern Spain. Catena, 85: 187–193.
  • Mechri, B., Chehebb, H., Boussadia, O., Attia, F., Mariem, F.B., Braham, M. & Hammami, M., 2011. Effects of agronomic application of olive mill wastewater in a field of olive trees on carbohydrate profiles, chlorophyll a fluorescence and mineral nutrient content. Environ. Exp. Bot., 71: 184–191.
  • Mulumba, L.N. & Lal, R. 2008. Mulching effects on selected soil physical properties. Soil Tillage Res., 98: 106–111.
  • Nasini L., Gigliotti, G., M. Balduccini, A., Federici, E., Cenci, G. & Proietti, P. 2013. Effect of solid olive-mill waste amendment on soil fertility and olive (Olea europaea L.) tree activity. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 164: 292–297.
  • Ouni, Y., Mateos-Naranjo, E., Lakhdar, A., Andrades-Moreno, L., Abdelly, C. & Barhoumi, Z. 2014. Municipal Solid Waste Compost Application Improves the Negative Impact of Saline Soil in Two Forage Species. Communıcatıons in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 45(10): 1421-1434.
  • Özdemir, N., Yakupoglu, T. & Dengiz, O. 2009. The effects of bio-solid and tea waste application into different levels of eroded soil on N, P and K concentrations. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 156: 109–118.
  • Pang, H., Li, Y., Yang, J. & Liang, Y. 2010. Effect of brackish water irrigation and straw mulching on soil salinity and crop yields under monsoonal climatic conditions. Agricultural Water Management, 97: 1971–1977.
  • Rice standart systems, SES. 2013. Standart evaluation systems for rice, IRRI, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philipinnes, 6–12 pp.
  • Rodd, A.V., Warman, P.R., Hicklenton, P. & Webb, K. 2002. Comparison of N fertilizer, source-seperated municipal solid waste compost and semi-solid beef manure on the nutrient concentration in boot-stage barley and wheat tissue. Can. J. Soil Sci., 82: 33–43.
  • Ruíz-Lozano, J.M., Azcón N.R & Gómez, M. 1996. Alleviation of salt stress by arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomus species in Lactuca sativa plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 98: 767–772.
  • Singh, R.K. & Flowers, T.J. 2011. Physiology and molecular biology of the effects of salinity on rice, in: M. Pessarakli (ed.) Handbook of plant and crop stress, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group 3rd edition, 899-939.
  • Soumar, M., Tack, F.M.G. & Verloo, M.G. 2003. Effects of a municipal solid waste compost and mineral fertilization on plant growth in two tropical agricultural soils of Mali. Bioresource Technology, 86: 15–20.
  • Soyergin, S., Uysal E. & Albayrak, B. 2011. Zeytin Kekinin (Pirinanın) Kompost Yapım Teknikleri ve Organik Gübre Olarak Kullanım Olanaklarının Araştırılması. http://orgprints.org/20682/ (accessed on 25.04.2016).
  • Taban S., Turan, M.A. & Katkat, A.V. 2010. Tarımda Organik Madde ve Tavuk Gübresi. http://arastirma.tarim.gov.tr/tavukculuk/Belgeler/web%20English%20Doc/journal%20%28Dergimiz%29/Dergimiz%20Cilt%2010%20Ozel%20sayi/Cilt%2010%20Ozel%20Sayi%201%20Makale%201%20Tar%C4%B1mda%20Organik%20Madde%20ve%20Tavuk%20G%C3%BCbresi.pdf (accessed on 15.11.2015)
  • Tian, C.Y., Feng, G., Li, X.L. & Zhang, F.S. 2004. Different effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates from saline or non-saline soil on salinity tolerance of plants. Applied Soil Ecology, 26: 143–148.
  • Wang, S., Liu, P., Liu, D. & Lu, S. 2001. Plastic film covering is the key measure for high yield of corn in terraced land in north Shaanxi. Agric. Res. Arid Areas, 19: 20–25 (in Chinese).
  • Wu, N., Zhen, L., Hongguang, L. & Ming, T. 2015. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza on photosynthesis and water status of Populus cathayana Rehder males and females under salt stress. Acta Physiol Plant, 37: 183. DOI 10.1007/s11738-015-1932-6.
  • Zhao, Y., Huancheng, P., J. Wang, Long, H. & Yuyi, L. 2014. Effects of straw mulch and buried straw on soil moisture and salinity in relation to sunflower growth and yield. Field Crops Research, 161: 16–25.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Article/Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Mehmet Aybeke

Publication Date June 15, 2016
Submission Date November 17, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 17 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aybeke, M. (2016). THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, 17(1), 17-27.
AMA Aybeke M. THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci. June 2016;17(1):17-27.
Chicago Aybeke, Mehmet. “THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza Sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS”. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 17, no. 1 (June 2016): 17-27.
EndNote Aybeke M (June 1, 2016) THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 17 1 17–27.
IEEE M. Aybeke, “THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS”, Trakya Univ J Nat Sci, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 17–27, 2016.
ISNAD Aybeke, Mehmet. “THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza Sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS”. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences 17/1 (June 2016), 17-27.
JAMA Aybeke M. THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci. 2016;17:17–27.
MLA Aybeke, Mehmet. “THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza Sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS”. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, vol. 17, no. 1, 2016, pp. 17-27.
Vancouver Aybeke M. THE DETECTION OF APPROPRIATE ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND MYCORRHIZAL METHOD ENHANCING SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci. 2016;17(1):17-2.

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