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Üç Besinli ve Mikrobesinli Gübrelerin Damla Sulama Sistemine Uygunluğu Üzerinde Çalışmalar

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 113 - 119, 23.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.964798

Abstract

İklim şartlarında ve özellikle yağış durumlarında meydana gelen değişiklikler nedeni ile üreticilerin su kullanım yöntemlerindeki değişikliklere paralel olarak, damla sulama sistemleri yaygın kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Damla sulama gübrelerinin çok az bir miktarı ülkemiz gübre sektörü tarafından üretilmekte, genelde ülkemiz dışından ithal edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, büyük gübre firmaları tarafından üretilen gübreler ile bu firmalar tarafından ithal edilen gübreler incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın ana amacı, damla sulama isteminde kullanılan, üç besinli ve mikro besin elementi içeren gübrelerin Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığının 29.03.2014 tarih ve 28956 sayılı “Gübrelerin Piyasaya Gözetimi ve Denetimi Yönetmeliği” göre (EC fertilizers) değerlendirilerek uygunluk durumlarının belirlenmesidir. Piyasadan ve gübre fabrikalarından orijinal ambalajda sağlanan gübre örneklerinin bazı fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri yanında ağır metal içerikleri de incelenmiştir. Bulgularımız, analizi yapılan 56 adet üç besinli ve 13 adet mikro besin elementi içeren gübrenin ilgili yönetmeliğe göre incelenmesi sonucunda, üç besinli gübrelerin 35 adedinin ve mikro besin elementi içeren gübrelerin 5 adedinin yönetmeliğin tolerans değerleri dışında saptanması nedeni ile fertigasyon istemine uygun olmadığını göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla, toplam 69 adet gübreden 40 adedinin yönetmeliğe uygun olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ağır metal içerikleri Çin ve Japonya’nın uyguladığı tolerans değerlerine göre incelendiğinde, 10 adet (5xHg, 4xCd ve 1xHg) gübrenin de damla sulama sistemine uygun olmadığı ifade edilebilir. Gübreler, radyoaktivite açısından irdelendiğinde, 238U ve 232Th’un insan sağlığı bakımından tehlike oluşturacak seviyede bulunmadığı, örneklerin 40K içermediği ve belirlenen bu değerlerin de doğal olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları, toprak ve su analizlerine bağlı olarak hazırlanacak fertigasyon ile gübreleme programlarının yapılmasında veya o gübrelerin kullanılıp kullanılmaması konusunda yarar sağlayacaktır.

Thanks

Feyzullah ACAR, Habil ÇOLAKOĞLU

References

  • Bar Yosef, B (1977). Trickle irrigation and fertilization of tomotoes in sand dunes.Water, N.P distribution in the soil and uptake by plants. Agron.J.69. 486-491s. Council Regulation (EC) (2006) No 1791/2006 of 20 November. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/En/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02003R2003-20130607&rid=2 (Date of Access: 05 Ocak 2018).
  • Çolakoğlu H (1990). Fertigation. Drip fertilization. E.Ü.Z.F. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department.
  • Horwitz W, Latimer GW (2007). Official Methods of Analysis, AOAC International Suite 500, Revision 2, USA, Chapter 2:21, 29-34, 33, 42-52, 53-54, Chapter 11 pp. 1-2.
  • Köleli N, Kantar C (2005). Phosphate rock, concentration of toxic heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Ni and As) in phosphoric acid and phosphorous fertilizers, Ecology 14(55) Environmental Protection and Research Foundation, Izmir, pp. 1-5.
  • Levis BN, Myers JM, Martin FG (1979). Frequancy and rate of fertilization with trickle irrigation for strawberries. J. Amar. Soc. Hort. Sci.102(4), pp 456-458.
  • Ministry of Environmental Protection, The People’s Republic of China (2002). MEP National standards for organic-inorganic compound fertilizers (GB18877-2002), [online]. www.mep.gov.cn (Date of Access: 10 Mart 2018).
  • Rui YK, Shen JB, Zhang F.S, Yan Y, Jing JY, et al. (2008). Application of ICP-MS to detecting ten kinds of heavy metals in KCl fertilizer, Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2.
  • Yaprak G (1995). Matrix effect of radioactive mineral containing samples in gamma spectroscopic analysis and development of a correction method for self absorption. (PhD Thesis), Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, İzmir.

Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 113 - 119, 23.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.964798

Abstract

As a result of the changes in climatic conditions, especially in precipitation, the water usage methods of the producers have changed in parallel and drip irrigation systems started to be used widely. A very small amount of drip irrigation fertilizers is produced by the Turkish fertilizer industry, and therefore they are mostly imported from abroad. In this study, fertilizers produced by large fertilizer companies and imported by these companies are examined. The main purpose of this study is to determine the conformity of the compound three-nutrients and micronutrient fertilizers used in drip irrigation system, in accordance to the "Regulation on the Surveillance and Inspection of Fertilizers on the Market" (EC fertilizers) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry dated 29.03.2014, number 28956. Some physical and chemical properties as well as heavy metal contents of the fertilizers supplied from the market and fertilizer factories in their original packaging were investigated. As a result of the examination of 56 threenutrient and 13 micro-nutrient-containing fertilizers according to the relevant regulation, it was seen that 35 of the three-nutrient fertilizers and 5 of the fertilizers containing micro-nutrients were determined to be out of the tolerance values of the regulation, so they were not suitable for the fertigation system. Therefore, it was determined that 40 out of 69 fertilizers were not in compliance with the regulation. If the heavy metal contents are examined on the basis of the tolerance values applied by China and Japan, it can be said that 10 (5xHg, 4xCd and 1xHg) fertilizers do not conform to drip irrigation system. Fertilizers were examined in terms of radioactivity and 238U and 232Th were not found to be threatening for human health. It is believed that the samples do not contain 40K and the defined values are natural. The results of this current study will be useful in making fertigation and fertilization programs to be prepared based on soil and water analyses or whether to use those fertilizers.

References

  • Bar Yosef, B (1977). Trickle irrigation and fertilization of tomotoes in sand dunes.Water, N.P distribution in the soil and uptake by plants. Agron.J.69. 486-491s. Council Regulation (EC) (2006) No 1791/2006 of 20 November. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/En/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:02003R2003-20130607&rid=2 (Date of Access: 05 Ocak 2018).
  • Çolakoğlu H (1990). Fertigation. Drip fertilization. E.Ü.Z.F. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department.
  • Horwitz W, Latimer GW (2007). Official Methods of Analysis, AOAC International Suite 500, Revision 2, USA, Chapter 2:21, 29-34, 33, 42-52, 53-54, Chapter 11 pp. 1-2.
  • Köleli N, Kantar C (2005). Phosphate rock, concentration of toxic heavy metal (Cd, Pb, Ni and As) in phosphoric acid and phosphorous fertilizers, Ecology 14(55) Environmental Protection and Research Foundation, Izmir, pp. 1-5.
  • Levis BN, Myers JM, Martin FG (1979). Frequancy and rate of fertilization with trickle irrigation for strawberries. J. Amar. Soc. Hort. Sci.102(4), pp 456-458.
  • Ministry of Environmental Protection, The People’s Republic of China (2002). MEP National standards for organic-inorganic compound fertilizers (GB18877-2002), [online]. www.mep.gov.cn (Date of Access: 10 Mart 2018).
  • Rui YK, Shen JB, Zhang F.S, Yan Y, Jing JY, et al. (2008). Application of ICP-MS to detecting ten kinds of heavy metals in KCl fertilizer, Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2.
  • Yaprak G (1995). Matrix effect of radioactive mineral containing samples in gamma spectroscopic analysis and development of a correction method for self absorption. (PhD Thesis), Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, İzmir.
There are 8 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tülin Pekcan 0000-0002-5534-2548

Burçin Çokuysal 0000-0003-2546-1578

Publication Date September 23, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Pekcan, T., & Çokuysal, B. (2021). Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems. Toprak Su Dergisi, 10(2), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.964798
AMA Pekcan T, Çokuysal B. Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems. SWJ. September 2021;10(2):113-119. doi:10.21657/topraksu.964798
Chicago Pekcan, Tülin, and Burçin Çokuysal. “Studies of Fertilizers With Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems”. Toprak Su Dergisi 10, no. 2 (September 2021): 113-19. https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.964798.
EndNote Pekcan T, Çokuysal B (September 1, 2021) Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems. Toprak Su Dergisi 10 2 113–119.
IEEE T. Pekcan and B. Çokuysal, “Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems”, SWJ, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 113–119, 2021, doi: 10.21657/topraksu.964798.
ISNAD Pekcan, Tülin - Çokuysal, Burçin. “Studies of Fertilizers With Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems”. Toprak Su Dergisi 10/2 (September 2021), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.21657/topraksu.964798.
JAMA Pekcan T, Çokuysal B. Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems. SWJ. 2021;10:113–119.
MLA Pekcan, Tülin and Burçin Çokuysal. “Studies of Fertilizers With Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems”. Toprak Su Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 2, 2021, pp. 113-9, doi:10.21657/topraksu.964798.
Vancouver Pekcan T, Çokuysal B. Studies of Fertilizers with Three Nutrients and Micronutrients on Conformity Drip Irrigation Systems. SWJ. 2021;10(2):113-9.
Kapak Tasarım : Hüseyin Oğuzhan BEŞEN
Grafik Tasarım : Filiz ERYILMAZ
Basım Yeri : Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı - Eğitim Yayım ve Yayınlar Dairesi Başkanlığı
İvedik Caddesi Bankacılar Sokak No : 10 Yenimahalle, Ankara Türkiye