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Geçmiş ve Şimdinin Çatışması: Oscar Wilde’in Şiirinde Tarihsel ve Temsil Mekanlarının Üretimi

Year 2020, Issue: 43, 99 - 110, 15.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.755796

Abstract

Bu çalışma Oscar Wilde’ın (1854-1900) seçilmiş şiirlerinde mekânın işlevini ve mekânın nasıl betimlendiğini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Wilde, Viktorya döneminin önemli edebi ve kültürel isimlerinden biridir. İçine doğduğu Viktorya döneminin geleneksel ahlaki kurallarını ve değerlerini eleştirmiş ve şiirsel özelliklerinin pek çoğunu reddetmiştir. Wilde şiirlerinde hem antik Yunan mitolojisinin karakterlerini ve mekanlarını kullanmış, hem de kente ait gerçek mekanlara ve karakterlere odaklanan şiirsel bir duyarlık geliştirmiştir. Genelev, hapishane ve Londra sokakları, Wilde’ın şiirlerinde kullandıığı mekanlardan sadece birkaçıdır. Bu çerçevede Wilde fin de siècle (yüzyılın sonu) dönemi şiirini şekillendiren şairlerin başında geldiği söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada inceleme yöntemi olarak, Fransız düşünür Henri Lefebvre’nin (1901-1991) mekân teorisi uygulanmıştır. Yazdığı kitap ve makalelerle yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısında etkili olan Lefebvre’in 1974 yılında yayınladığı The Production of Space (Mekânın Üretimi) adlı kitabı temel alınmıştır. Lefebvre kitabında mekan kavramının tarihsel gelişimini incelemiş ve politik açıdan değerlendirmiştir. Şiirlerin Lefebvre’nin bakış açısıyla yapılan analizleri sonucunda, Wilde’ın mekân kullanımıyla ilgili olarak, geçmiş ve şimdinin çatışması, toplumdan kaçmak isteyen bireyin tutumu ortaya çıkarılacaktır.

References

  • Bach, S., & Degenring, F. (2015). From Shakespearean nights to light pollution: (Artificial) Light in anglophone literature. In Josiane Meier et al (Eds.), Urban lighting, light pollution and society (pp. 46-65). New York: Routledge.
  • Beckson, K., & Fong, B. (2004). Wilde as poet. In Peter Raby (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Oscar Wilde (pp. 57-68). New York: Cambridge UP.
  • Buckley, J. H. (1990). Echo and artifice: The poetry of Oscar Wilde. Victorian poetry, 28(3/4), 19-31.
  • Cohen, A. (2007). Mythic landscapes of Greece. In Roger Woodard (Ed.) The Cambridge companion to Greek mythology (pp. 305-330). New York: Cambridge UP.
  • Ellmann, R. (1988). Oscar Wilde. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Highet, G. (1949). The classical tradition: Greek and Roman influences on Western literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space. (Donald Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Lefebvre, H. (2000). Writings on cities. (Eleonore Kofman and Elizabeth Lebas, Trans.). Malden: Blackwell.
  • Merrifield, A. (2006). Henri Lefebvre: A critical introduction. New York: Routledge.
  • Murray, I. (2009). “Notes.” Oscar Wilde: Complete poetry. New York: Oxford UP. 175-206.
  • Paglia, C. (2001). Sexual personae: Art and decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson. Yale Nota Bene: New Haven.
  • Panofsky, E. (1955) Meaning in the visual arts: Papers in and on art history. Garden City: Doubleday.
  • Panofsky, E. (1991). Perspective as symbolic form. (Christopher S. Wood, Trans.) New York: Zone Books.
  • Pater, W. (1919). The Renaissance: studies in art and poetry. London: MacMillan and Co.
  • Shields, R. (1999). Lefebvre, love and struggle: Spatial dialectics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Villanelle. (2 May 2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/art/villanelle. 13 May 2017.
  • Wilde, O. (2009). Complete poetry. Isobel Murray (Ed.). New York: Oxford UP.

Clash of Past and Present: Production of Historical and Representational Spaces in Oscar Wilde’s Poetry

Year 2020, Issue: 43, 99 - 110, 15.06.2020
https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.755796

Abstract

This study aims to determine the function of space and how it is depicted in Oscar Wilde's (1854-1900) selected poems. Wilde is one of the important literary and cultural figures of the Victorian era. He criticized the traditional moral codes and values of the Victorian era in which he was born and rejected many Victorian poetic aspects. Wilde used characters and places of ancient Greek mythology in his poems and developed a poetic sensitivity that focused on the real places and characters of the city. The brothel, the prison and the streets of London are some of the places that he used in his poems. Within this framework, it can be said that Wilde is one of the leading poets who shaped the fin de siècle poetry. In this study, French thinker Henri Lefebvre’s (1901-1991) theory of space is applied to discuss the function of space in Wilde’s poetry. Lefebvre's book The Production of Space, published in 1974, was influential in the second half of the twentieth century as it examined the historical development of the concept of space and evaluated it politically. The analysis of the poems from Lefebvre’s perspective will reveal Wilde's use of space in relation to the conflict between past and present, and the attitude of the individual who wants to escape from society.

References

  • Bach, S., & Degenring, F. (2015). From Shakespearean nights to light pollution: (Artificial) Light in anglophone literature. In Josiane Meier et al (Eds.), Urban lighting, light pollution and society (pp. 46-65). New York: Routledge.
  • Beckson, K., & Fong, B. (2004). Wilde as poet. In Peter Raby (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Oscar Wilde (pp. 57-68). New York: Cambridge UP.
  • Buckley, J. H. (1990). Echo and artifice: The poetry of Oscar Wilde. Victorian poetry, 28(3/4), 19-31.
  • Cohen, A. (2007). Mythic landscapes of Greece. In Roger Woodard (Ed.) The Cambridge companion to Greek mythology (pp. 305-330). New York: Cambridge UP.
  • Ellmann, R. (1988). Oscar Wilde. New York: Vintage Books.
  • Highet, G. (1949). The classical tradition: Greek and Roman influences on Western literature. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Lefebvre, H. (1991). The production of space. (Donald Nicholson-Smith, Trans.). Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Lefebvre, H. (2000). Writings on cities. (Eleonore Kofman and Elizabeth Lebas, Trans.). Malden: Blackwell.
  • Merrifield, A. (2006). Henri Lefebvre: A critical introduction. New York: Routledge.
  • Murray, I. (2009). “Notes.” Oscar Wilde: Complete poetry. New York: Oxford UP. 175-206.
  • Paglia, C. (2001). Sexual personae: Art and decadence from Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson. Yale Nota Bene: New Haven.
  • Panofsky, E. (1955) Meaning in the visual arts: Papers in and on art history. Garden City: Doubleday.
  • Panofsky, E. (1991). Perspective as symbolic form. (Christopher S. Wood, Trans.) New York: Zone Books.
  • Pater, W. (1919). The Renaissance: studies in art and poetry. London: MacMillan and Co.
  • Shields, R. (1999). Lefebvre, love and struggle: Spatial dialectics. London and New York: Routledge.
  • Villanelle. (2 May 2009). In Encyclopædia Britannica online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/art/villanelle. 13 May 2017.
  • Wilde, O. (2009). Complete poetry. Isobel Murray (Ed.). New York: Oxford UP.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emre Çakar

Publication Date June 15, 2020
Submission Date November 13, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 43

Cite

APA Çakar, E. (2020). Clash of Past and Present: Production of Historical and Representational Spaces in Oscar Wilde’s Poetry. Selçuk Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi(43), 99-110. https://doi.org/10.21497/sefad.755796

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