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YAŞAMIN ANLAM KAYNAKLARI ve PSİKOLOJİK İYİ OLUŞ İLİŞKİSİ: ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2022, Issue: 42, 30 - 51, 30.04.2022

Abstract

Bu araştırmada; üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşamlarının anlam kaynaklarının neler olduğunu ortaya koymak, sahip olunan anlam kaynaklarına göre psikolojik iyi oluşun farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, araştırmada tarama deseni çerçevesinde anket tekniği kullanılmıştır. Veriler açık ve kapalı uçlu soruların yer aldığı çevrimiçi anket formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. 1682 üniversite öğrencisinden elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ve ANOVA testiyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular incelendiğinde; üniversite öğrencilerinde yaşamın anlam kaynakları (ifade edilme sırasına göre); duygusal bağlılık, esenlik, erdemli olma, bireysel gelişim, amaçlar, hedonizm, maneviyat, faydalı olma, özgüven ve para kazanmadır. Katılımcıların sadece %1,8’i ise yaşamımın bir anlamı yok demiştir. Yaşama yüklenen anlama göre psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri incelendiğinde; yaşamında bir anlam bulanların, bulmayanlara göre psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri daha yüksektir. Bununla birlikte en yüksek psikolojik iyi oluş skoru hayatın anlamını “faydalı olma” olarak gören bireylere aittir.

References

  • Baumeister, R. F. ve Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497.
  • Braaten, A., Huta, V., Tyrany, L. ve Thompson, A. (2019). Hedonic and eudaimonic motives toward university studies: how they relate to each other and to well-being derived from school. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 3(2), 179–196.
  • Cohen, K. ve Cairns, D. (2012). Is searching for meaning in life associated with reduced subjective well-being? Confirmation and possible moderators. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13(2), 313-331.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2016). Nicel Yöntemler. S. B. Demir (Çev. Ed.) ve M. Bursal (Çev). Araştırma Deseni: Nicel, nitel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları (4. baskı, s. 155-182) içinde. Ankara: Eğiten Kitap. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 2013, 4. Baskı).
  • De Crom, N. ve Rothmann, S. I. (2018). Demands-abilities fit, work beliefs, meaningful work and engagement in nature-based jobs. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 44(1), 1-12.
  • De Vogler, K. L. ve Ebersole, P. (1980). Categorization of college students' meaning of life. Psychological Reports, 46(2), 387-390.
  • De Vogler, K. L. ve Ebersole, P. (1981). Adults' meaning in life. Psychological Reports, 49(1), 87-90.
  • Debats, D. L. (1999). Sources of meaning: An investigation of significant commitments in life. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 39(4), 30-57.
  • Dezutter, J., Casalin, S., Wachholtz, A., Luyckx, K., Hekking, J. ve Vandewiele, W. (2013). Meaning in life: An important factor for the psychological well-being of chronically ill patients?. Rehabilitation Psychology, 58(4), 334.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S. ve Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143-156.
  • Eagleton, T. (2012). Hayatın anlamı. K. Tunca (Çev.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
  • Emmons, R. A. (2003). Personal goals, life meaning, and virtue: Wellsprings of a positive life. In C. L. M. Keyes ve J. Haidt (Ed.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (105–128). American Psychological Association.
  • Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS: Introducing statistical method, (5rd ed), Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Fraenkel, J.R. ve Wallen, N.E. (2006). How to desing and evaluate research in education. New York: McGaw-Hill International Edition.
  • Frankl, V. (2013). İnsanın Anlam Arayışı. S. Budak (Çev.), İstanbul: Okyanus Yayınları.
  • Grouden, M. E. ve Jose, P. E. (2015). Do sources of meaning differentially predict search for meaning, presence of meaning, and wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 5(1), 33-52.
  • Güven, P. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde yaşamın amacı ve anlamı ile yaşam doyumu ve yakın ilişkiler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Harlow, L. L., Newcomb, M. D. ve Bentler, P. M. (1986). Depression, self‐derogation, substance use, and suicide ideation: Lack of purpose in life as a mediational factor. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42(1), 5-21.
  • Heintzelman, S. J. ve King, L. A. (2014). Life is pretty meaningful. American psychologist, 69(6), 561-574.
  • Hu, L. T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Hupkens, S., Machielse, A., Goumans, M. ve Derkx, P. (2018). Meaning in life of older persons: An integrative literature review. Nursing ethics, 25(8), 973-991.
  • Huta, V. (2017). Meaning as a subjective experience. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 30(1), 20-25.
  • Koydemir, S. ve Bulgan, G. (2017). Mutluluk 2.0: İyi yaşama dair bilmediklerimiz (2. baskı). Ankara: Elma Yayınevi.
  • Leontiev, D.A. (2003). Psikhologiya smysla: priroda, struktura i dinamika smyslovoj real'nosti. 2-e, ispr. Izd. – M.: Smysl. – 487 s.[ Leontiev D.A., Psychology of Sense: Nature, Structure and Dynamics of Conceptual Reality. Revised 2nd Edition. Moscow, “Smysl”, 2003, p. 487.]
  • Martela, F. ve Steger, M. F. (2016). The three meanings of meaning in life: Distinguishing coherence, purpose, and significance. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(5), 531-545.
  • Martos, T. ve Kopp, M. S. (2012). Life goals and well-being: Does financial status matter? Evidence from a representative Hungarian sample. Social Indicators Research, 105(3), 561-568.
  • McKnight, P. E. ve Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Purpose in life as a system that creates and sustains health and well-being: An integrative, testable theory. Review of General Psychology, 13(3), 242-251.
  • Prager, E. (1996). Exploring personal meaning in an age-differentiated Australian sample: Another look at the Sources of Meaning Profile (SOMP). Journal of Aging Studies, 10(2), 117-136.
  • Ratner, K., Burrow, A. L., Burd, K. A. ve Hill, P. L. (2019). On the conflation of purpose and meaning in life: A qualitative study of high school and college student conceptions. Applied Developmental Science, 1-21.
  • Reker, G. T. (2000). Theoretical perspective, dimensions, and measurement of existential meaning. In G. T. Reker & K. Chamberlain (Eds.), Exploring existential meaning: Optimizing human development across the life span (pp 39– 58). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Rosso, B. D., Dekas, K. H. ve Wrzesniewski, A. (2010). On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review. Research in Organizational Behavior, 30, 91–127.
  • Ryff, C. D. ve Singer, B. (1998). The role of purpose in life and personal growth in positive human health. In P. T. P. Wong & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research and clinical applications (pp. 213–235). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Salikhova, N. R. (2016). Types of Meaningfulness of Life and Values of Future Teachers. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(8), 1943-1950.
  • Scannell, E. D., Allen, F. C. L. ve Burton, J. (2002). Meaning in life and positive and negative well-being. North American Journal of Psychology, 4, 93–112.
  • Schnell, T. (2009). The sources of meaning and meaning in life questionnaire (SoMe): Relations to demographics and well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(6), 483-499.
  • Schnell, T. (2011). Individual differences in meaning-making: Considering the variety of sources of meaning, their density and diversity. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(5), 667-673.
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness. New York, NY: Free Press.
  • Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. ve Kasser, T. (2004). The independent effects of goal contents and motives on well-being: It’s both what you pursue and why you pursue it. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(4), 475-486.
  • Silverman, D. (2005). Doing qualitative research: A practical handbook (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
  • Steger, M. F. ve Kashdan, T. B. (2006). Stability and specificity of meaning in life and life satisfaction over one year. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(2), 161-179.
  • Steger, M. F., Dik, B. J. ve Duffy, R. D. (2012). Measuring meaningful work: The work and meaning inventory (WAMI). Journal of career Assessment, 20(3), 322-337.
  • Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S. ve Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
  • Strauss, A. ve Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research. Sage publications.
  • Tavşancıl, E., Aslan, A. E. (2001). Sözel, yazılı ve diğer materyaller için içerik analizi ve uygulama örnekleri (1. Baskı). İstanbul: Epsilon.
  • Telef, B. B. (2013). Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (PİOO): Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3), 374-384.
  • The jamovi project (2021). jamovi. (Version 1.6) [Computer Software]. Retrieved from https://www.jamovi.org.
  • Wong, P.T. (1998). Implicit theories of meaningful life and the development of thePersonal Meaning Profile. In P. T. Wong & P. Fry (Eds.), The human quest formeaning (pp. 111–140). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Yalom, I. (1980). Existential psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books.
  • Yalom, I. (2001). Varoluşçu psikoterapi. Z. İ. Babayiğit (Çev.). İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi.
Year 2022, Issue: 42, 30 - 51, 30.04.2022

Abstract

References

  • Baumeister, R. F. ve Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497.
  • Braaten, A., Huta, V., Tyrany, L. ve Thompson, A. (2019). Hedonic and eudaimonic motives toward university studies: how they relate to each other and to well-being derived from school. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 3(2), 179–196.
  • Cohen, K. ve Cairns, D. (2012). Is searching for meaning in life associated with reduced subjective well-being? Confirmation and possible moderators. Journal of Happiness Studies, 13(2), 313-331.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2016). Nicel Yöntemler. S. B. Demir (Çev. Ed.) ve M. Bursal (Çev). Araştırma Deseni: Nicel, nitel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları (4. baskı, s. 155-182) içinde. Ankara: Eğiten Kitap. (Orijinal eserin yayın tarihi 2013, 4. Baskı).
  • De Crom, N. ve Rothmann, S. I. (2018). Demands-abilities fit, work beliefs, meaningful work and engagement in nature-based jobs. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 44(1), 1-12.
  • De Vogler, K. L. ve Ebersole, P. (1980). Categorization of college students' meaning of life. Psychological Reports, 46(2), 387-390.
  • De Vogler, K. L. ve Ebersole, P. (1981). Adults' meaning in life. Psychological Reports, 49(1), 87-90.
  • Debats, D. L. (1999). Sources of meaning: An investigation of significant commitments in life. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 39(4), 30-57.
  • Dezutter, J., Casalin, S., Wachholtz, A., Luyckx, K., Hekking, J. ve Vandewiele, W. (2013). Meaning in life: An important factor for the psychological well-being of chronically ill patients?. Rehabilitation Psychology, 58(4), 334.
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D., Oishi, S. ve Biswas-Diener, R. (2010). New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Social Indicators Research, 97, 143-156.
  • Eagleton, T. (2012). Hayatın anlamı. K. Tunca (Çev.). İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
  • Emmons, R. A. (2003). Personal goals, life meaning, and virtue: Wellsprings of a positive life. In C. L. M. Keyes ve J. Haidt (Ed.), Flourishing: Positive psychology and the life well-lived (105–128). American Psychological Association.
  • Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS: Introducing statistical method, (5rd ed), Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Fraenkel, J.R. ve Wallen, N.E. (2006). How to desing and evaluate research in education. New York: McGaw-Hill International Edition.
  • Frankl, V. (2013). İnsanın Anlam Arayışı. S. Budak (Çev.), İstanbul: Okyanus Yayınları.
  • Grouden, M. E. ve Jose, P. E. (2015). Do sources of meaning differentially predict search for meaning, presence of meaning, and wellbeing. International Journal of Wellbeing, 5(1), 33-52.
  • Güven, P. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde yaşamın amacı ve anlamı ile yaşam doyumu ve yakın ilişkiler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Harlow, L. L., Newcomb, M. D. ve Bentler, P. M. (1986). Depression, self‐derogation, substance use, and suicide ideation: Lack of purpose in life as a mediational factor. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42(1), 5-21.
  • Heintzelman, S. J. ve King, L. A. (2014). Life is pretty meaningful. American psychologist, 69(6), 561-574.
  • Hu, L. T. ve Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
  • Hupkens, S., Machielse, A., Goumans, M. ve Derkx, P. (2018). Meaning in life of older persons: An integrative literature review. Nursing ethics, 25(8), 973-991.
  • Huta, V. (2017). Meaning as a subjective experience. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 30(1), 20-25.
  • Koydemir, S. ve Bulgan, G. (2017). Mutluluk 2.0: İyi yaşama dair bilmediklerimiz (2. baskı). Ankara: Elma Yayınevi.
  • Leontiev, D.A. (2003). Psikhologiya smysla: priroda, struktura i dinamika smyslovoj real'nosti. 2-e, ispr. Izd. – M.: Smysl. – 487 s.[ Leontiev D.A., Psychology of Sense: Nature, Structure and Dynamics of Conceptual Reality. Revised 2nd Edition. Moscow, “Smysl”, 2003, p. 487.]
  • Martela, F. ve Steger, M. F. (2016). The three meanings of meaning in life: Distinguishing coherence, purpose, and significance. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(5), 531-545.
  • Martos, T. ve Kopp, M. S. (2012). Life goals and well-being: Does financial status matter? Evidence from a representative Hungarian sample. Social Indicators Research, 105(3), 561-568.
  • McKnight, P. E. ve Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Purpose in life as a system that creates and sustains health and well-being: An integrative, testable theory. Review of General Psychology, 13(3), 242-251.
  • Prager, E. (1996). Exploring personal meaning in an age-differentiated Australian sample: Another look at the Sources of Meaning Profile (SOMP). Journal of Aging Studies, 10(2), 117-136.
  • Ratner, K., Burrow, A. L., Burd, K. A. ve Hill, P. L. (2019). On the conflation of purpose and meaning in life: A qualitative study of high school and college student conceptions. Applied Developmental Science, 1-21.
  • Reker, G. T. (2000). Theoretical perspective, dimensions, and measurement of existential meaning. In G. T. Reker & K. Chamberlain (Eds.), Exploring existential meaning: Optimizing human development across the life span (pp 39– 58). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Rosso, B. D., Dekas, K. H. ve Wrzesniewski, A. (2010). On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review. Research in Organizational Behavior, 30, 91–127.
  • Ryff, C. D. ve Singer, B. (1998). The role of purpose in life and personal growth in positive human health. In P. T. P. Wong & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning: A handbook of psychological research and clinical applications (pp. 213–235). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
  • Salikhova, N. R. (2016). Types of Meaningfulness of Life and Values of Future Teachers. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(8), 1943-1950.
  • Scannell, E. D., Allen, F. C. L. ve Burton, J. (2002). Meaning in life and positive and negative well-being. North American Journal of Psychology, 4, 93–112.
  • Schnell, T. (2009). The sources of meaning and meaning in life questionnaire (SoMe): Relations to demographics and well-being. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 4(6), 483-499.
  • Schnell, T. (2011). Individual differences in meaning-making: Considering the variety of sources of meaning, their density and diversity. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(5), 667-673.
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness. New York, NY: Free Press.
  • Sheldon, K. M., Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. ve Kasser, T. (2004). The independent effects of goal contents and motives on well-being: It’s both what you pursue and why you pursue it. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30(4), 475-486.
  • Silverman, D. (2005). Doing qualitative research: A practical handbook (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
  • Steger, M. F. ve Kashdan, T. B. (2006). Stability and specificity of meaning in life and life satisfaction over one year. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8(2), 161-179.
  • Steger, M. F., Dik, B. J. ve Duffy, R. D. (2012). Measuring meaningful work: The work and meaning inventory (WAMI). Journal of career Assessment, 20(3), 322-337.
  • Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S. ve Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
  • Strauss, A. ve Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research. Sage publications.
  • Tavşancıl, E., Aslan, A. E. (2001). Sözel, yazılı ve diğer materyaller için içerik analizi ve uygulama örnekleri (1. Baskı). İstanbul: Epsilon.
  • Telef, B. B. (2013). Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (PİOO): Türkçeye uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Hacettepe Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3), 374-384.
  • The jamovi project (2021). jamovi. (Version 1.6) [Computer Software]. Retrieved from https://www.jamovi.org.
  • Wong, P.T. (1998). Implicit theories of meaningful life and the development of thePersonal Meaning Profile. In P. T. Wong & P. Fry (Eds.), The human quest formeaning (pp. 111–140). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Yalom, I. (1980). Existential psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books.
  • Yalom, I. (2001). Varoluşçu psikoterapi. Z. İ. Babayiğit (Çev.). İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi.
There are 49 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ali Murat Alparslan 0000-0002-1682-4202

Seher Yastıoğlu 0000-0001-8166-4172

Ümit Işık 0000-0001-6006-3247

Dilara Nihal Çarıkçı Özgül 0000-0003-1407-832X

Publication Date April 30, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 42

Cite

APA Alparslan, A. M., Yastıoğlu, S., Işık, Ü., Çarıkçı Özgül, D. N. (2022). YAŞAMIN ANLAM KAYNAKLARI ve PSİKOLOJİK İYİ OLUŞ İLİŞKİSİ: ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(42), 30-51.

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