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Mikoriza, vermikompost ve hümik asit uygulamalarının kombinasyonunun süs ayçiçeği büyüme parametreleri üzerine etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 183 - 194, 29.02.2024

Mehmet Tütüncü

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1415885

Abstract

Bu çalışmada mikoriza, vermikompost ve hümik asit uygulamasının süs ayçiçeği büyümesine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada bitki materyali olarak süs ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L. cv. 'Sunsantion') kullanıldı. Dört gerçek yapraklı aşamada ticari firmadan alınan fideler, torf:perlit ortamı (1:1 v/v) içeren plastik saksılara (2 L) dikildi. Araştırmada üç farklı dozda hümik asit (10, 20 ve 30 ml/L) ve vermikompost (10, 20 ve 30 ml/L) kullanıldı. Saksı başına 200 ml hümik asit (HA) ve vermikompost (VC) uygulamaları topraktan fidelerin saksıya aktarılmasından bir hafta sonra yapıldı. Mikoriza uygulamalarında 2 g/saksı mikoriza fidelerin saksılara şaşırtılması sırasında aşılandı. Ayrıca mikoriza uygulamasıyla birlikte 20 ml'lik dozlarda hümik asit (HA20/M2) ve vermikompost (VC20/M2) birleştirilerek bitkilere uygulandı. Kontrol grubuna ise herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. Nispi büyüme oranı (RGR), bitkilerin saksılara aktarılmasından 15 gün ve 30 gün sonra aynı uygulama grubundaki bireylerin hasat edilen örneklerinden hesaplanmıştır. En yüksek RGR, HA20/M2 ve vermikompost VC20/M2 uygulamalarından sırasıyla 3,55 ve 3,48 olarak elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca çiçek çapı (11,71 cm), gövde uzunluğu (41,13 cm), gövde çapı (8,46 cm) ve çiçek ömrü (10,4 gün) değerlerinde en yüksek değerler VC20/M2 uygulamasında gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Helianthus annuus organik saksılı süs bitkisi gübre

References

  • Ali, A., Rehman, S.U., Raza, S., Allah, S.U., 2014. Combined effect of humic acid and NPK on growth and flower development of Tulipa Gesneriana in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 4(4): 39-48. doi: 20.1001.1.28210093.1393.4.4.4.4.
  • Amit, P., Singh, A.K., Anjana, S, 2013. Effect of vermicompost and bio-control agents on growth and flowering of gladiolus cv. JV GOLD. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 8(1): 46-49.
  • Ansari, S., Hadavi, E., Salehi, M., Moradi, P., 2011. Application of microorganisms compared with nanoparticles of silver, humic acid and gibberellic acid on vase life of cut gerbera goodtimming. Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants, 1(1): 27-33.
  • Atiyeh, R.M., Lee, S., Edwards, C.A., Arancon, N.Q., Metzger, J.D. 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm-processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource technology, 84(1): 7-14. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00017-2.
  • Baldotto, L.E.B., Baldotto, M.A., 2015. Growth and production of ornamental sunflower grown in the field in response to application of humic acids. Ciência Rural, 45: 1000-1005. doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20140050.
  • Bashir, M., 2016. Humic acid application improves the growth, floret and bulb indices of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.). Pakistan Journal of Science, 68(2):1-7. doi:10.57041/pjs.v68i2.298.
  • Carrenho, R., Trufem, S.F., Bononi, V.L., 2002. Effects of using different host plants on the detected biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from an agroecosystem. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 25:93-101. doi:10.1590/S0100-84042002000100012.
  • Chaudhry, A.N., Jilani, G., Khan, M.A., Iqbal, T., 2009. Improved processing of poultry litter reduces nitrate leaching and enhances its fertilizer quality. Asian journal of Chemistry, 21(7): 4997-5003.
  • Dastyaran, M., Farahi, M.H., 2015. Effects of humic acid and puterscine on vegetative properties and vase life of rose in soilless culture system. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions-Isfahan University of Technology, 5(4): 241-250.
  • Durukan, H., Demirbaş, A., Tutar, U., 2019. The effects of solid and liquid vermicompost application on yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant. Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol, 7:1069-1074. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v7i7.1069-1074.2579.
  • Fan, H.M., Li, T., Sun, X., Sun, X.Z., Zheng, C.S., 2015. Effects of humic acid derived from sediments on the postharvest vase life extension in cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 101, 82-87. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.09.019.
  • Gaur, A., Gaur, A., Adholeya, A., 2000. Growth and flowering in Petunia hybrida, Callistephus chinensis and Impatiens balsamina inoculated with mixed AM inocula or chemical fertilizers in a soil of low P fertility. Scientia Horticulturae, 84(1-2): 151-162. doi:10.1016/S0304-4238(99)00105-3.
  • Gül, V., Çoban, F., Öztürk, E., 2021. Effect of liquid and solid vermicompost applications on growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 36(1): 55-60.
  • Habashy, N.R., El-Khair, A.W.A., Zaki, R.N., 2008. Effect of organic and biofertilizers on phosphorus and some micronutrients availability in a calcareous soil. Res. J. Agric. & Biol. Sci, 4(5): 454-552.
  • Hatamzadeh, A. 2011. The influence of vermicompost on the growth and productivity of cymbidiums. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 9(2): 125-132.
  • Hoffmann, W.A., Poorter, H., 2002. Avoiding bias in calculations of relative growth rate. Annals of botany, 90(1), 37-42. doi:10.1093/aob/mcf140.
  • Hussain, S., Sharif, M., Ahmad, W., Khan, F., Nihar, H., 2018. Soil and plants nutrient status and wheat growth after mycorrhiza inoculation with and without vermicompost. Journal of plant nutrition, 41(12): 1534-1546. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2018.1459687.
  • Jan, B., Ali, A., Wahid, F., Shah, S.N.M., Khan, A., Khan, F., 2014. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungal inoculation with compost on yield and phosphorous uptake of berseem in alkaline calcareous soil. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(09):1359. doi:10.4236/ajps.2014.59150.
  • Kınık, E.D., Çeli̇kel, F.G., 2020. Cutting propagation of Rosa canina by mycorrhiza and auxin. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science, 6(1), 1-7. doi:10.24180/ijaws.623490.
  • Memon, S.A., Khetran, K., 2014. Effect of humic acid and calcium chloride on the growth and flower production of Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus). J Agric, 10(6): 1557-1569.
  • Mete, K., Tütüncü, A.Ç., Ay, A., Özer, H., 2023. The effects of organic fertilization on the quality of eggplant seedlings. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 6(6): 706-709. doi:10.47115/bsagriculture.1339405.
  • Mourad, K. A. E. G. D., El-Shafey, A. I., El Mantawy, R. F., 2020. Effect of Humic Acid Application on Growth and Productivity of Sunflower Under Saline Soil Conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 11(12), 1193-1200.
  • Nagarajan, G., Mahadevan, A., 2002. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of sunflower. Frontiers in Microbial Biotechnology and Plant Pathology, 231-237.
  • Nikbakht, A., Kafi, M., Babalar, M., Xia, Y. P., Luo, A., Etemadi, N. A. 2008. Effect of humic acid on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and postharvest life of gerbera. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31(12): 2155-2167. doi:10.1080/01904160802462819.
  • Özdemir, A., Özer, H., 2016. Effect of different doses of fertilizer on yield and quality of organically grown tomato, Journal of The Faculty of Agriculture, 111:17- 26.
  • Özer, H., Uzun, S., 2013. The effect of different organic fertilizers on some yield and quality traits in open field organic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) managers. V. Organic Agriculture Symposium, 25-27 September 2013, Samsun/Turkey, s:8.
  • Padamanabhan, V., 2021. Effect of vermicompost on growth and flowering of Chrysanthemum. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 5068-5077.
  • Pallez, L.C., Dole, J.M., Whipker, B.E. 2002. Production and postproduction studies with potted sunflowers. HortTechnology, 12(2):206-210. doi:10.21273/HORTTECH.12.2.206.
  • Pettit, R.E., 2004. Organic matter, humus, humate, humic acid, fulvic acid and humin: their importance in soil fertility and plant health. CTI Research, 10: 1-7.
  • Pezeshkpour, P., Ardakani, M.R., Vazan, S., 2014. Effects of vermicompost, mycorrhizal symbiosis and biophosphate soulbilizing bacteria on some characteristics related to chickpea root growth under autumn in the dryland condition. Bulletin of Environment. Journal of Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 3(2):19-25.
  • Popescu, G.C., Popescu, M., 2022. Role of combined inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as a sustainable tool, for stimulating the growth, physiological processes, and flowering performance of lavender. Sustainability, 14(2), 951. doi:10.3390/su14020951.
  • Şa, Z., Tütüncü, A.Ç., Demirkaya, S., Özer, H., 2023. Organik ve konvansiyonel fide yetiştiriciliğinin domates fidelerinin kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 38(3): 555-564. doi:10.7161/omuanajas.1337133.
  • Tütüncü, M. 2022. Organik Süs Bitkileri Yetiştiriciliği. In: Pakyürek, M., Özdemir, G. (Eds.). Organik Bahçe Bitkileri Yetiştiriciliği. İksad. pp.183-206.
  • Tyagi, A.K., Kumar, V., 2006. Effect of gibberellic acid and vermicompost on vegetative growth and flowering in African marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.). Journal of Ornamental Horticulture, 9(2), 150-151.
  • Vital-Vilchis, I., Quiñones-Aguilar, E.E., Hernández-Cuevas, L.V., Rincón-Enríquez, G., 2020. Growth of ornamental sunflower in pot at field level by effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Terra Latinoamericana, 38(3), 679-692. doi:10.28940/terra.v38i3.715.
  • Xue, Y.L., Li, C.Y., Wang, C.R., Wang, Y., Liu, R.J., Chang, S. Miao, Y., Dang, T., 2019. Mechanisms of phosphorus uptake from soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 6: 10-20. doi: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.002.
  • Yildiz, B., Tütüncü, A.Ç., Demirkaya, S., Özer, H., Uğur, A., 2023. The effects of different growing media and humic acid applications on the growth of tomato plants. Horticultural Studies, 40(2):43-48. doi: 10.16882/hortis.1279147.

The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters

Year 2024, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 183 - 194, 29.02.2024

Mehmet Tütüncü

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1415885

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the combination of mycorrhizal fungi, vermicompost, and humic acid application on ornamental sunflower growth. The study employed ornamental sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. ‘Sunsantion’) as the plant material. Seedlings, acquired from a local ornamental production company at the four-true-leaf stage, were planted in plastic pots (2 L) containing peat perlite medium (1:1 v/v). The research incorporated three distinct doses of humic acid (10, 20, and 30 ml/L) and vermicompost (10, 20, and 30 ml/L). Humic acid (HA) and vermicompost (VC) were applied by soil drenching with 200 ml solution per pot. After one week, the seedlings were transferred into the pots. In all Mycorrhizae applications, 2 g/pot mycorrhizae inoculated during seedling transferred into the pots. Additionally, 20 ml of humic acid (HA20/M2) and vermicompost (VC20/M2) were combined with mycorrhiza application and applied to the plants. No application was made to the control group. Relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated from harvested samples of individuals from the same application group at 15 and 30 days after plants were transferred into the pots. The highest RGR obtained from HA20/M2 and vermicompost VC20/M2 treatments was 3.55 and 3.48, respectively. Additionally, the highest values of flower diameter (11.71 cm), stem length (41.13 cm), stem diameter (8.46 cm), and flower longevity (10.4 days) were observed in VC20/M2 treatment.

Keywords

Helianthus annuus organic pot flower fertilizer

References

  • Ali, A., Rehman, S.U., Raza, S., Allah, S.U., 2014. Combined effect of humic acid and NPK on growth and flower development of Tulipa Gesneriana in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 4(4): 39-48. doi: 20.1001.1.28210093.1393.4.4.4.4.
  • Amit, P., Singh, A.K., Anjana, S, 2013. Effect of vermicompost and bio-control agents on growth and flowering of gladiolus cv. JV GOLD. Asian Journal of Horticulture, 8(1): 46-49.
  • Ansari, S., Hadavi, E., Salehi, M., Moradi, P., 2011. Application of microorganisms compared with nanoparticles of silver, humic acid and gibberellic acid on vase life of cut gerbera goodtimming. Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants, 1(1): 27-33.
  • Atiyeh, R.M., Lee, S., Edwards, C.A., Arancon, N.Q., Metzger, J.D. 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm-processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource technology, 84(1): 7-14. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00017-2.
  • Baldotto, L.E.B., Baldotto, M.A., 2015. Growth and production of ornamental sunflower grown in the field in response to application of humic acids. Ciência Rural, 45: 1000-1005. doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20140050.
  • Bashir, M., 2016. Humic acid application improves the growth, floret and bulb indices of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.). Pakistan Journal of Science, 68(2):1-7. doi:10.57041/pjs.v68i2.298.
  • Carrenho, R., Trufem, S.F., Bononi, V.L., 2002. Effects of using different host plants on the detected biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from an agroecosystem. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 25:93-101. doi:10.1590/S0100-84042002000100012.
  • Chaudhry, A.N., Jilani, G., Khan, M.A., Iqbal, T., 2009. Improved processing of poultry litter reduces nitrate leaching and enhances its fertilizer quality. Asian journal of Chemistry, 21(7): 4997-5003.
  • Dastyaran, M., Farahi, M.H., 2015. Effects of humic acid and puterscine on vegetative properties and vase life of rose in soilless culture system. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions-Isfahan University of Technology, 5(4): 241-250.
  • Durukan, H., Demirbaş, A., Tutar, U., 2019. The effects of solid and liquid vermicompost application on yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant. Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol, 7:1069-1074. doi:10.24925/turjaf.v7i7.1069-1074.2579.
  • Fan, H.M., Li, T., Sun, X., Sun, X.Z., Zheng, C.S., 2015. Effects of humic acid derived from sediments on the postharvest vase life extension in cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 101, 82-87. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.09.019.
  • Gaur, A., Gaur, A., Adholeya, A., 2000. Growth and flowering in Petunia hybrida, Callistephus chinensis and Impatiens balsamina inoculated with mixed AM inocula or chemical fertilizers in a soil of low P fertility. Scientia Horticulturae, 84(1-2): 151-162. doi:10.1016/S0304-4238(99)00105-3.
  • Gül, V., Çoban, F., Öztürk, E., 2021. Effect of liquid and solid vermicompost applications on growth and yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Alinteri Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 36(1): 55-60.
  • Habashy, N.R., El-Khair, A.W.A., Zaki, R.N., 2008. Effect of organic and biofertilizers on phosphorus and some micronutrients availability in a calcareous soil. Res. J. Agric. & Biol. Sci, 4(5): 454-552.
  • Hatamzadeh, A. 2011. The influence of vermicompost on the growth and productivity of cymbidiums. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 9(2): 125-132.
  • Hoffmann, W.A., Poorter, H., 2002. Avoiding bias in calculations of relative growth rate. Annals of botany, 90(1), 37-42. doi:10.1093/aob/mcf140.
  • Hussain, S., Sharif, M., Ahmad, W., Khan, F., Nihar, H., 2018. Soil and plants nutrient status and wheat growth after mycorrhiza inoculation with and without vermicompost. Journal of plant nutrition, 41(12): 1534-1546. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2018.1459687.
  • Jan, B., Ali, A., Wahid, F., Shah, S.N.M., Khan, A., Khan, F., 2014. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungal inoculation with compost on yield and phosphorous uptake of berseem in alkaline calcareous soil. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 5(09):1359. doi:10.4236/ajps.2014.59150.
  • Kınık, E.D., Çeli̇kel, F.G., 2020. Cutting propagation of Rosa canina by mycorrhiza and auxin. International Journal of Agriculture and Wildlife Science, 6(1), 1-7. doi:10.24180/ijaws.623490.
  • Memon, S.A., Khetran, K., 2014. Effect of humic acid and calcium chloride on the growth and flower production of Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus). J Agric, 10(6): 1557-1569.
  • Mete, K., Tütüncü, A.Ç., Ay, A., Özer, H., 2023. The effects of organic fertilization on the quality of eggplant seedlings. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 6(6): 706-709. doi:10.47115/bsagriculture.1339405.
  • Mourad, K. A. E. G. D., El-Shafey, A. I., El Mantawy, R. F., 2020. Effect of Humic Acid Application on Growth and Productivity of Sunflower Under Saline Soil Conditions. Journal of Plant Production, 11(12), 1193-1200.
  • Nagarajan, G., Mahadevan, A., 2002. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and yield of sunflower. Frontiers in Microbial Biotechnology and Plant Pathology, 231-237.
  • Nikbakht, A., Kafi, M., Babalar, M., Xia, Y. P., Luo, A., Etemadi, N. A. 2008. Effect of humic acid on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and postharvest life of gerbera. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31(12): 2155-2167. doi:10.1080/01904160802462819.
  • Özdemir, A., Özer, H., 2016. Effect of different doses of fertilizer on yield and quality of organically grown tomato, Journal of The Faculty of Agriculture, 111:17- 26.
  • Özer, H., Uzun, S., 2013. The effect of different organic fertilizers on some yield and quality traits in open field organic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) managers. V. Organic Agriculture Symposium, 25-27 September 2013, Samsun/Turkey, s:8.
  • Padamanabhan, V., 2021. Effect of vermicompost on growth and flowering of Chrysanthemum. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 5068-5077.
  • Pallez, L.C., Dole, J.M., Whipker, B.E. 2002. Production and postproduction studies with potted sunflowers. HortTechnology, 12(2):206-210. doi:10.21273/HORTTECH.12.2.206.
  • Pettit, R.E., 2004. Organic matter, humus, humate, humic acid, fulvic acid and humin: their importance in soil fertility and plant health. CTI Research, 10: 1-7.
  • Pezeshkpour, P., Ardakani, M.R., Vazan, S., 2014. Effects of vermicompost, mycorrhizal symbiosis and biophosphate soulbilizing bacteria on some characteristics related to chickpea root growth under autumn in the dryland condition. Bulletin of Environment. Journal of Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 3(2):19-25.
  • Popescu, G.C., Popescu, M., 2022. Role of combined inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as a sustainable tool, for stimulating the growth, physiological processes, and flowering performance of lavender. Sustainability, 14(2), 951. doi:10.3390/su14020951.
  • Şa, Z., Tütüncü, A.Ç., Demirkaya, S., Özer, H., 2023. Organik ve konvansiyonel fide yetiştiriciliğinin domates fidelerinin kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 38(3): 555-564. doi:10.7161/omuanajas.1337133.
  • Tütüncü, M. 2022. Organik Süs Bitkileri Yetiştiriciliği. In: Pakyürek, M., Özdemir, G. (Eds.). Organik Bahçe Bitkileri Yetiştiriciliği. İksad. pp.183-206.
  • Tyagi, A.K., Kumar, V., 2006. Effect of gibberellic acid and vermicompost on vegetative growth and flowering in African marigold (Tagetes erecta Linn.). Journal of Ornamental Horticulture, 9(2), 150-151.
  • Vital-Vilchis, I., Quiñones-Aguilar, E.E., Hernández-Cuevas, L.V., Rincón-Enríquez, G., 2020. Growth of ornamental sunflower in pot at field level by effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Terra Latinoamericana, 38(3), 679-692. doi:10.28940/terra.v38i3.715.
  • Xue, Y.L., Li, C.Y., Wang, C.R., Wang, Y., Liu, R.J., Chang, S. Miao, Y., Dang, T., 2019. Mechanisms of phosphorus uptake from soils by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 6: 10-20. doi: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.002.
  • Yildiz, B., Tütüncü, A.Ç., Demirkaya, S., Özer, H., Uğur, A., 2023. The effects of different growing media and humic acid applications on the growth of tomato plants. Horticultural Studies, 40(2):43-48. doi: 10.16882/hortis.1279147.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Green-House Growing and Treatment, Horticultural Production (Other)
Journal Section Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
Authors

Mehmet Tütüncü 0000-0003-4354-6620

Early Pub Date February 27, 2024
Publication Date February 29, 2024
Submission Date January 7, 2024
Acceptance Date February 5, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 39 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tütüncü, M. (2024). The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 39(1), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1415885
AMA Tütüncü M. The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters. ANAJAS. February 2024;39(1):183-194. doi:10.7161/omuanajas.1415885
Chicago Tütüncü, Mehmet. “The Effects of the Combination of Mycorrhizae, Vermicompost and Humic Acid Applications on Ornamental Sunflower Growth Parameters”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 39, no. 1 (February 2024): 183-94. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1415885.
EndNote Tütüncü M (February 1, 2024) The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 39 1 183–194.
IEEE M. Tütüncü, “The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters”, ANAJAS, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 183–194, 2024, doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.1415885.
ISNAD Tütüncü, Mehmet. “The Effects of the Combination of Mycorrhizae, Vermicompost and Humic Acid Applications on Ornamental Sunflower Growth Parameters”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 39/1 (February 2024), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1415885.
JAMA Tütüncü M. The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters. ANAJAS. 2024;39:183–194.
MLA Tütüncü, Mehmet. “The Effects of the Combination of Mycorrhizae, Vermicompost and Humic Acid Applications on Ornamental Sunflower Growth Parameters”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 39, no. 1, 2024, pp. 183-94, doi:10.7161/omuanajas.1415885.
Vancouver Tütüncü M. The effects of the combination of mycorrhizae, vermicompost and humic acid applications on ornamental sunflower growth parameters. ANAJAS. 2024;39(1):183-94.
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