Research Article
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The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 445 - 458, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1333432

Abstract

Maritime transport has a significant share in world trade. The unsafe operation of ships causes loss of life, loss of cargo, and marine environmental pollution. Commercial ships are equipped with advanced types of equipment. The nautical charts as aids to navigation are used on commercial ships to navigate safely between ports. The officer of the watch can see the risks in the navigation area by checking these charts. The risks indicated on the chart should be taken into account during the navigation of ships, and if the correct calculations are not made, serious accidents may occur. These calculations are based on both sufficient maritime experience and knowledge. This research studied the category zone of confidence (CATZOC) areas in ECDIS on ships, the limitations of the system, and their solutions. Recommendations received from experts for the solutions to the identified problems were determined and explained according to the priorities with the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method.

References

  • Acomi, N. (2020). Impact of chart data accuracy on the safety of navigation. TransNav International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 14(2), 411-415. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.14.02.19
  • Admiralty. (2019). ECDIS. Retrieved on March 24, 2022,, from https://www.admiralty.co.uk/AdmiraltyDownloadMedia/Blog/CATZOC%20Table.pdf
  • Azuike, C., Pe’eri, S., Alexander, L., Parrish, C., & Armstrong, A. (2012). Development of a geo-spatial analysis methodology for assessing the adequacy of hydrographic surveying and nautical charts. Canadian Hydrographic Conference, Canada, pp. 815 https://scholars.unh.edu/ccom/815/
  • Başaraner, M., Yücel, M. A., & Özmen, Ç. (2011). İstanbul Boğazı’nda transit gemilerin kullandığı seyir rotalarının coğrafi bilgi sistemi yardımıyla incelenmesi ve iyileştirilmesi [Investigation and improvement of navigation routes used by transit vessels in the Bosphorus with the help of geographical information system]. Jeodezi ve Jeoinformasyon Dergisi, 104(1), 75-79.
  • Başlıgil, H. (2005). Bulanık AHP ile yazılım seçimi [Software selection with fuzzy AHP]. Sigma Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(3), 24-33.
  • Carreras Ruiz, J. (2023). Study and analysis of passage planning principles, voyage planning and monitoring from Sakai to Point Fortin. [MSc. Thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya].
  • Chénier, R., Ahola, R., Sagram, M., Faucher, M. A., & Shelat, Y. (2019). Consideration of level of confidence within multi-approach satellite-derived bathymetry. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 8(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010048
  • Chénier, R., Sagram, M., Omari, K., & Jirovec, A. (2020). Earth observation and artificial intelligence for improving safety to navigation in Canada low-impact shipping corridors. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(6), 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060383
  • Dias, T., Monteiro, C., Moura, A., David, J., Cabral, P., & Campos, F. S. (2023). Detection of discrepancies between nautical charts and new survey data using GIS techniques. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 50(2), 130-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2022.2130823
  • Dorst, L., Dehling, T., & Howlett, C. (2013). Developments in north sea wide resurveying and charting of dynamic sand wave areas. MARID IV-15-16, 81-87.
  • Efecan, V., & Temiz, İ. (2023). Assessing the technical efficiency of container ports based on a non-monotonic inefficiency effects model. Utilities Policy, 81, 101494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2023.101494
  • Er, I. D. (2007). Gemilerde ECDIS kullanımının seyir emniyeti açısından analitik hiyerarşi süreci yöntemi ile analizi [Analytic hierarchy process method for analyzing the use of ECDIS on ships in terms of navigational safety]. [MSc. Thesis, İstanbul Technical University].
  • Gülher, E., & Alganci, U. (2023). Satellite-derived bathymetry mapping on horseshoe island, Antarctic peninsula, with open-source satellite images: evaluation of atmospheric correction methods and empirical models. Remote Sensing, 15(10), 2568. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102568
  • Harper, S., Wells, D., & Gunning, K. (2012). The development of new data quality visualisation methods in electronic chart information systems and investigation into associated user response. Retrieved on April 12, 2022, from http://proceedings.utwente.nl/238/1/Data_Quality_Representation_HYDRO2012FINAL.pdf
  • Helmsman, C. (2010). Zones of confidence. Retrieved on April 12, 2022, from http://www.mysailing.com.au/yaf-news/zones-of-confidence
  • Horn, B. A. (2023). Using satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) to visualize bathymetric change over time in the Stono River Inlet, South Carolina. [Ph.D. Thesis, College of Charleston].
  • IMO. (1995). Resolution A.817(19), ECDIS Performance Standards. International Maritime Organization.
  • IMO. (2000). MSC 73rd Session. Proposed Amendments to SOLAS Convention, 2000. International Maritime Organization.
  • IMO. (2006). MSC.232(82). Revised performance standards for electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS). International Maritime Organization.
  • Jassal, R. (2017). What are CATZOC and how to use it for passage planning? Retrieved on April 11, 2022, from https://www.myseatime.com/blog/detail/zone-of-confidence-and-catzoc
  • Kara, G., Arican, O. H., & Okşaş, O. (2020). Analysis of the effect of electronic chart display and information system simulation technologies in maritime education, Marine Technology Society Journal, 54, 43-57. https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.54.3.6
  • Karström Hettman, T. (2022). Modeling for survey priority and extended CATZOC classifications of Swedish territorial waters in the Baltic Sea. [MSc. Thesis, Gothenburg University].
  • Kastrisios, C., Ware, C., Calder, B., Butkiewicz, T., Alexander, L., & Hauser, O. (2020). Nautical chart data uncertainty visualization as the means for integrating bathymetric, meteorological, and oceanographic information in support of coastal navigation. Proceedings of the 100th American Meteorological Society Meeting, 18th Symposium on Coastal Environment, Massachusetts. pp. 11-17.
  • Kusworo, H., Pratomo, D. G., & Hascaryo, A. P. (2019). Study of Catzoc determination based on quality control of bathymetric data from multibeam echosounder (MBES) (Bawean Island Case Study). Journal Chart Datum, 5(1), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.37875/chartdatum.v5i1.144
  • Matek Marine. (2019). ECDIS. Retrieved on April 14, 2022, from http://www.ECDI.info.com/about_ECDIS.html
  • Mavraeidopoulos, A. K., Pallikaris, A., & Oikonomou, E. (2017). Satellite derived bathymetry (SDB) and safety of navigation, The International Hydrographic Review, 17, 7-20.
  • Özdağoğlu, A. (2008). Bulanık analitik hiyerarşi süreci yönteminde duyarlılık analizleri, yeni bir alternatifin eklenmesi-enerji kaynağının seçimi üzerinde bir uygulama [Sensitivity analysis in fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method, addition of a new alternative-an application on selection of energy source]. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 15-34.
  • Pavlov, N., Đurdjević, D., & Andrejić, M. (2023). A novel two-stage methodological approach for storage technology selection: An engineering–FAHP–WASPAS approach. Sustainability, 15, 13037. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713037
  • Radić, T., Pavić, I., & Mišković, J. (2023) Comparison of hydrographic survey data with crowdsourced bathymetry data. Naše, 70(2), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.17818/NM/2023/2.3
  • Saaty, T. L. (1988). What is the analytic hierarchy process? In Mitra, G., Greenberg, H. J., Lootsma, F. A., Rijkaert, M. J., Zimmermann, H. J. (Eds.), Mathematical models for decision support (pp 109-121). NATO ASI Series, Vol. 48. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83555-1_5
  • Saltaş, Ç. O. (2020). Gemi Denetlemelerin iş performansına etkileri. [Effects of ship inspections on job performance]. Atlantik Denizcilik (Interviewed by O. H. Arıcan).
  • Sanca, M., Artun, H., & Okur, M. (2022). Fen eğitiminde bulanık mantık uygulamaları neden kullanılmalıdır? [Why fuzzy logic applications should be used in science education?]. Ulusal Eğitim Akademisi Dergisi, 6(1), 130-144. https://doi.org/10.32960/uead.1052946
  • Singh, A. K., Kumar, V. R. P., İrfan, M., Mohandes, S. R., & Awan, U. (2023). Revealing the barriers of blockchain technology for supply chain transparency and sustainability in the construction industry: an application of pythagorean FAHP methods. Sustainability, 15, 10681. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310681
  • Soltani, A., & Marandi, E. Z. (2011). Hospital site selection using two-stage fuzzy multi-criteria decision making process. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 5(1), 32-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26203354
  • Stumpf, R. P., Holderied, K., & Sinclair, M. (2003). Determination of water depth with high‐resolution satellite imagery over variable bottom types. Limnology and Oceanography, 48(1-2), 547-556. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.1_part_2.0547
  • Talwani, M., Dorman, J., Worzel, J. L., & Bryan, G. M. (1966). Navigation at sea by satellite. Journal of Geophysical Research, 71(24), 5891-5902. https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ071i024p05891
  • Teledynecaris. (2016). Category of zone of confidence. Retrieved on April 19, 2022, from http://www.teledynecaris.com/s-57/attribut/catzoc.html
  • Transas. (2020). ECDIS 5000 Program, Kocaeli University Simulation Laboratory, Kocaeli, Turkey.
  • Vandenborn, Y., & Bell, R. (2015). Standard safety special edition-ECDIS assisted grounding. Marine Accident Investigation Branch (MAIB). Retrieved on April 19, 2022, from https://www.standard-club.com
  • Weintrit, A. (2015). ECDIS issues related to the implementation of the carriage requirements in SOLAS convention. Archives of Transport System Telematics, 8(1), 35-40.
  • Yılmaz, H., & Şahin, M. E. (2023). Bulanık mantık kavramına genel bir bakış [An overview of the concept of fuzzy logic]. Takvimi Vekayi, 11(1), 94-129.
  • Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, 8(3), 338–353.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 445 - 458, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1333432

Abstract

References

  • Acomi, N. (2020). Impact of chart data accuracy on the safety of navigation. TransNav International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, 14(2), 411-415. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.14.02.19
  • Admiralty. (2019). ECDIS. Retrieved on March 24, 2022,, from https://www.admiralty.co.uk/AdmiraltyDownloadMedia/Blog/CATZOC%20Table.pdf
  • Azuike, C., Pe’eri, S., Alexander, L., Parrish, C., & Armstrong, A. (2012). Development of a geo-spatial analysis methodology for assessing the adequacy of hydrographic surveying and nautical charts. Canadian Hydrographic Conference, Canada, pp. 815 https://scholars.unh.edu/ccom/815/
  • Başaraner, M., Yücel, M. A., & Özmen, Ç. (2011). İstanbul Boğazı’nda transit gemilerin kullandığı seyir rotalarının coğrafi bilgi sistemi yardımıyla incelenmesi ve iyileştirilmesi [Investigation and improvement of navigation routes used by transit vessels in the Bosphorus with the help of geographical information system]. Jeodezi ve Jeoinformasyon Dergisi, 104(1), 75-79.
  • Başlıgil, H. (2005). Bulanık AHP ile yazılım seçimi [Software selection with fuzzy AHP]. Sigma Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(3), 24-33.
  • Carreras Ruiz, J. (2023). Study and analysis of passage planning principles, voyage planning and monitoring from Sakai to Point Fortin. [MSc. Thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya].
  • Chénier, R., Ahola, R., Sagram, M., Faucher, M. A., & Shelat, Y. (2019). Consideration of level of confidence within multi-approach satellite-derived bathymetry. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 8(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8010048
  • Chénier, R., Sagram, M., Omari, K., & Jirovec, A. (2020). Earth observation and artificial intelligence for improving safety to navigation in Canada low-impact shipping corridors. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 9(6), 383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060383
  • Dias, T., Monteiro, C., Moura, A., David, J., Cabral, P., & Campos, F. S. (2023). Detection of discrepancies between nautical charts and new survey data using GIS techniques. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 50(2), 130-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2022.2130823
  • Dorst, L., Dehling, T., & Howlett, C. (2013). Developments in north sea wide resurveying and charting of dynamic sand wave areas. MARID IV-15-16, 81-87.
  • Efecan, V., & Temiz, İ. (2023). Assessing the technical efficiency of container ports based on a non-monotonic inefficiency effects model. Utilities Policy, 81, 101494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2023.101494
  • Er, I. D. (2007). Gemilerde ECDIS kullanımının seyir emniyeti açısından analitik hiyerarşi süreci yöntemi ile analizi [Analytic hierarchy process method for analyzing the use of ECDIS on ships in terms of navigational safety]. [MSc. Thesis, İstanbul Technical University].
  • Gülher, E., & Alganci, U. (2023). Satellite-derived bathymetry mapping on horseshoe island, Antarctic peninsula, with open-source satellite images: evaluation of atmospheric correction methods and empirical models. Remote Sensing, 15(10), 2568. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102568
  • Harper, S., Wells, D., & Gunning, K. (2012). The development of new data quality visualisation methods in electronic chart information systems and investigation into associated user response. Retrieved on April 12, 2022, from http://proceedings.utwente.nl/238/1/Data_Quality_Representation_HYDRO2012FINAL.pdf
  • Helmsman, C. (2010). Zones of confidence. Retrieved on April 12, 2022, from http://www.mysailing.com.au/yaf-news/zones-of-confidence
  • Horn, B. A. (2023). Using satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) to visualize bathymetric change over time in the Stono River Inlet, South Carolina. [Ph.D. Thesis, College of Charleston].
  • IMO. (1995). Resolution A.817(19), ECDIS Performance Standards. International Maritime Organization.
  • IMO. (2000). MSC 73rd Session. Proposed Amendments to SOLAS Convention, 2000. International Maritime Organization.
  • IMO. (2006). MSC.232(82). Revised performance standards for electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS). International Maritime Organization.
  • Jassal, R. (2017). What are CATZOC and how to use it for passage planning? Retrieved on April 11, 2022, from https://www.myseatime.com/blog/detail/zone-of-confidence-and-catzoc
  • Kara, G., Arican, O. H., & Okşaş, O. (2020). Analysis of the effect of electronic chart display and information system simulation technologies in maritime education, Marine Technology Society Journal, 54, 43-57. https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.54.3.6
  • Karström Hettman, T. (2022). Modeling for survey priority and extended CATZOC classifications of Swedish territorial waters in the Baltic Sea. [MSc. Thesis, Gothenburg University].
  • Kastrisios, C., Ware, C., Calder, B., Butkiewicz, T., Alexander, L., & Hauser, O. (2020). Nautical chart data uncertainty visualization as the means for integrating bathymetric, meteorological, and oceanographic information in support of coastal navigation. Proceedings of the 100th American Meteorological Society Meeting, 18th Symposium on Coastal Environment, Massachusetts. pp. 11-17.
  • Kusworo, H., Pratomo, D. G., & Hascaryo, A. P. (2019). Study of Catzoc determination based on quality control of bathymetric data from multibeam echosounder (MBES) (Bawean Island Case Study). Journal Chart Datum, 5(1), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.37875/chartdatum.v5i1.144
  • Matek Marine. (2019). ECDIS. Retrieved on April 14, 2022, from http://www.ECDI.info.com/about_ECDIS.html
  • Mavraeidopoulos, A. K., Pallikaris, A., & Oikonomou, E. (2017). Satellite derived bathymetry (SDB) and safety of navigation, The International Hydrographic Review, 17, 7-20.
  • Özdağoğlu, A. (2008). Bulanık analitik hiyerarşi süreci yönteminde duyarlılık analizleri, yeni bir alternatifin eklenmesi-enerji kaynağının seçimi üzerinde bir uygulama [Sensitivity analysis in fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method, addition of a new alternative-an application on selection of energy source]. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 15-34.
  • Pavlov, N., Đurdjević, D., & Andrejić, M. (2023). A novel two-stage methodological approach for storage technology selection: An engineering–FAHP–WASPAS approach. Sustainability, 15, 13037. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713037
  • Radić, T., Pavić, I., & Mišković, J. (2023) Comparison of hydrographic survey data with crowdsourced bathymetry data. Naše, 70(2), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.17818/NM/2023/2.3
  • Saaty, T. L. (1988). What is the analytic hierarchy process? In Mitra, G., Greenberg, H. J., Lootsma, F. A., Rijkaert, M. J., Zimmermann, H. J. (Eds.), Mathematical models for decision support (pp 109-121). NATO ASI Series, Vol. 48. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83555-1_5
  • Saltaş, Ç. O. (2020). Gemi Denetlemelerin iş performansına etkileri. [Effects of ship inspections on job performance]. Atlantik Denizcilik (Interviewed by O. H. Arıcan).
  • Sanca, M., Artun, H., & Okur, M. (2022). Fen eğitiminde bulanık mantık uygulamaları neden kullanılmalıdır? [Why fuzzy logic applications should be used in science education?]. Ulusal Eğitim Akademisi Dergisi, 6(1), 130-144. https://doi.org/10.32960/uead.1052946
  • Singh, A. K., Kumar, V. R. P., İrfan, M., Mohandes, S. R., & Awan, U. (2023). Revealing the barriers of blockchain technology for supply chain transparency and sustainability in the construction industry: an application of pythagorean FAHP methods. Sustainability, 15, 10681. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310681
  • Soltani, A., & Marandi, E. Z. (2011). Hospital site selection using two-stage fuzzy multi-criteria decision making process. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 5(1), 32-43. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26203354
  • Stumpf, R. P., Holderied, K., & Sinclair, M. (2003). Determination of water depth with high‐resolution satellite imagery over variable bottom types. Limnology and Oceanography, 48(1-2), 547-556. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.1_part_2.0547
  • Talwani, M., Dorman, J., Worzel, J. L., & Bryan, G. M. (1966). Navigation at sea by satellite. Journal of Geophysical Research, 71(24), 5891-5902. https://doi.org/10.1029/JZ071i024p05891
  • Teledynecaris. (2016). Category of zone of confidence. Retrieved on April 19, 2022, from http://www.teledynecaris.com/s-57/attribut/catzoc.html
  • Transas. (2020). ECDIS 5000 Program, Kocaeli University Simulation Laboratory, Kocaeli, Turkey.
  • Vandenborn, Y., & Bell, R. (2015). Standard safety special edition-ECDIS assisted grounding. Marine Accident Investigation Branch (MAIB). Retrieved on April 19, 2022, from https://www.standard-club.com
  • Weintrit, A. (2015). ECDIS issues related to the implementation of the carriage requirements in SOLAS convention. Archives of Transport System Telematics, 8(1), 35-40.
  • Yılmaz, H., & Şahin, M. E. (2023). Bulanık mantık kavramına genel bir bakış [An overview of the concept of fuzzy logic]. Takvimi Vekayi, 11(1), 94-129.
  • Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, 8(3), 338–353.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Maritime Business Administration, Marine Transportation, Maritime Transportation Engineering, Ship Management, Deck and Navigation Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ozan Hikmet Arıcan 0000-0003-2061-6112

Osman Arslan 0000-0003-4384-3510

Ali Umut Unal 0000-0002-2575-6379

Early Pub Date October 12, 2023
Publication Date December 31, 2023
Submission Date July 28, 2023
Acceptance Date October 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Arıcan, O. H., Arslan, O., & Unal, A. U. (2023). The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 12(4), 445-458. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1333432
AMA Arıcan OH, Arslan O, Unal AU. The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. December 2023;12(4):445-458. doi:10.33714/masteb.1333432
Chicago Arıcan, Ozan Hikmet, Osman Arslan, and Ali Umut Unal. “The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 12, no. 4 (December 2023): 445-58. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1333432.
EndNote Arıcan OH, Arslan O, Unal AU (December 1, 2023) The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 12 4 445–458.
IEEE O. H. Arıcan, O. Arslan, and A. U. Unal, “The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation”, Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 445–458, 2023, doi: 10.33714/masteb.1333432.
ISNAD Arıcan, Ozan Hikmet et al. “The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin 12/4 (December 2023), 445-458. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1333432.
JAMA Arıcan OH, Arslan O, Unal AU. The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2023;12:445–458.
MLA Arıcan, Ozan Hikmet et al. “The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation”. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, vol. 12, no. 4, 2023, pp. 445-58, doi:10.33714/masteb.1333432.
Vancouver Arıcan OH, Arslan O, Unal AU. The Importance of CATZOC in Passage Planning and Prioritization of Strategies for Safe Navigation. Mar. Sci. Tech. Bull. 2023;12(4):445-58.

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