Research Article
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Feasibility of hydropower reservoirs for fish cage Aquaculture: A strategy for fish farming in drought risk areas in Kenya

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 16 - 25, 25.10.2023

Jacob Abwao Mary Opiyo Domitila Kyule Josyline Kendi Dan Mungai Tom Ojuok

https://doi.org/10.51756/marlife.1221254

Abstract

A significant portion of the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands rural population in Kenya suffers from social challenges linked to hunger, starvation, and malnutrition. The existing hydropower dams in these areas can be leveraged upon for fish production through the adoption of cage culture. This study sought to assess the suitability and feasibility of these dams for cage culture as a strategy for socio-economic and nutritional empowerment of the rural communities. In this study, a survey was conducted including fish farmers, fishermen, and communities who use the dam waters for domestic and agricultural purposes. The main research approaches were semi-structured questionnaires for in-depth, one-on-one interviews with participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize the data sets on socio-demographic indicators, such as age, economic status, education, and economic activities. The Majority of the respondents 49.6% cited fishing from the dam as the most important benefit accrued although the dams have been overfished and the harvests are dwindling from the observation. In the survey, 26.8% of the respondents identified water level fluctuation as the main challenge to cage establishment, followed by theft (25%) and wild animal menace (16.07%). Water quality analysis revealed both in situ parameters (Dissolved oxygen, temperature and pH) and nutrient concentrations as within levels acceptable for fish farming.

Keywords

Cages ASAL Productivity

Supporting Institution

Government of Kenya

Project Number

GoK seed Research funds

References

  • Abd El-Hack, M. E., El-Saadony, M. T., Nader, M. M., Salem, H. M., El-Tahan, A. M., Soliman, S. M., & Khafaga, A. F. (2022). Effect of environmental factors on growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). International Journal of Biometeorology, 66(11), 2183-2194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-022-02347-6
  • Abwao, J., & Awuor, F. J. (2019). State of women in the fisheries and aquaculture value chain in Homabay county, Kenya. Towards enhancing sustainable livelihoods and economic empowerment. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 31(12), 1-12.
  • AECOM, (2021). Climate Change Action in the Water Sector in Kenya : Status Review.
  • APHA, (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st ed. Washington, D.C: APHA-AWWA-WEF.
  • Aura, C. M. (2020). A brief on fish cage farming in Lake Victoria, Kenya as guidance on decision making for policy direction. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI).
  • Aura, C. M., Musa, S., Yongo, E., Okechi, J. K., Njiru, J. M., Ogari, Z., Wanyama, R., Charo-Karisa, H., Mbugua, H., Kidera, S., & Oucho, J. A. (2018). Integration of mapping and socio‐economic status of cage culture: Towards balancing lake‐use and culture fisheries in Lake Victoria, Kenya. Aquaculture Research, 49(1), 532-545. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13484
  • Aura, C. M., Mwarabu, R. L., Nyamweya, C. S., Owiti, H., Ongore, C. O., Guya, F., Musa, S., Owili, M., Macaria, S., Abila R. O., & Marriott, A. L. (2022). Exploring the potential of small water bodies as an integrative management tool for fisheries production. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 29(3), 254-268. https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12529
  • Awuor, F. J., Opiyo, M. A., Obiero, K. O., Munguti, J. M., Abwao, J., Nyonje, B. M., Nevejan, N., & Stappen, G. V. (2021). Aquaculture extension service in Kenya: Farmers and extension officers perspectives. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 13(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.5897/JAERD2020.1203
  • Bahnasawy, M., El-Ghobashy, A., & Abdel-Hakim, N. (2009). Culture of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a recirculating water system using different protein levels. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 13(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2009.2029
  • Charo-karisa, H., Munguti, J. M., Waidbacher, H., Liti, D., & Zollitsch, W. (2009). Low-Input Cage Culture : Towards Food Security and Livelihood Improvement in Rural Kenya.
  • Ciji, A., & Akhtar, M. S. (2020). Nitrite implications and its management strategies in aquaculture: A review. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(2), 878-908. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12354
  • Das, J. K. (2013). Impact of Training on Sustainable Aquaculture. Environment and Ecology, 31(2), 599-600.
  • El‐Sayed, A. F. M., & Kawanna, M. (2008). Optimum water temperature boosts the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry reared in a recycling system. Aquaculture Research, 39(6), 670-672. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.01915.x
  • FAO, (2022). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Towards Blue Transformation. Rome.
  • Golden, C. D., Seto, K. L., Dey, M. M., Chen, O. L., Gephart, J. A., Myers, S. S., Smith, M., Vaitla, B., & Allison, E. H. (2017). Does aquaculture support the needs of nutritionally vulnerable nations?. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00478-2
  • Guo, L., & Li, Z. (2003). Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus from fish cage-culture on the communities of a shallow lake in middle Yangtze River basin of China. Aquaculture, 226(1-4), 201-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00478-2
  • Howarth, R. W., Chan, F., Swaney, D. P., Marino, R. M., & Hayn, M. (2021). Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity. Biogeochemistry, 154(2), 293-306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00765-z
  • Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, (2020). Economic Survey 2020. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315016702
  • Lomazzi, M., Borisch, B., & Laaser, U. (2014). The Millennium Development Goals: experiences, achievements and what's next. Global Health Action, 7(1), 23695. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.23695
  • Martin, S. M., Lorenzen, K., & Bunnefeld, N. (2013). Fishing farmers: Fishing, livelihood diversification and poverty in rural Laos. Human Ecology, 41, 737-747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-013-9567-y
  • Orinda, M., Okuto, E., & Abwao, M. (2021). Cage fish culture in the lake victoria region: Adoption determinants, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 13(2), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.5897/ijfa2020.0798
  • Munguti, J. M., Nairuti, R., Iteba, J. O., Obiero, K. O., Kyule, D., Opiyo, M. A., Abwao, J., Kirimi, J. G., Outa, N., Muthoka, M., Githukia, C. M., & Ogello, E. O. (2022). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) culture in Kenya: Emerging production technologies and socio‐economic impacts on local livelihoods. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, 2(4), 265-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.58
  • Muringai, R. T., Mafongoya, P., & Lottering, R. T. (2022). Sub-Saharan Africa freshwater fisheries under climate change: a review of impacts, adaptation, and mitigation measures. Fishes, 7(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030131
  • Musa, S., Aura, C. M., Owiti, G., Nyonje, B., Orina, P., & Charo-Karisa, H. (2012). Fish farming enterprise productivity program (FFEPP) as an impetus to Oreochromis niloticus (L) farming in Western Kenya: Lessons to learn. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 1324-1330. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR11.1606
  • Ngaira, J. K. (2009). Challenges of water resource management and food production in a changing climate in Kenya. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2(4), 97–103.
  • Obiero, K. O., Waidbacher, H., Nyawanda, B. O., Munguti, J. M., Manyala, J. O., & Kaunda-Arara, B. (2019). Predicting uptake of aquaculture technologies among smallholder fish farmers in Kenya. Aquaculture International, 27(6), 1689-1707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-019-00423-0
  • Odende, T., Ogello, E. O., Iteba, J. O., Owori, H., Outa, N., Obiero, K. O., Munguti, J. M., Kyule, D. N., Kimani, S., & Osia, M. M. (2022). Promoting sustainable smallholder aquaculture productivity through landscape and seascape aquapark models: A case study of Busia County, Kenya. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6, 898044. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.898044
  • Okuku, E. O., Bouillon, S., Ochiewo, J. O., Munyi, F., Kiteresi, L. I., & Tole, M. (2016). The impacts of hydropower development on rural livelihood sustenance. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 32(2), 267-285. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1056297
  • Ombwa, V., Aura, C., Odada, E., Ogari, Z., Ogik, W., Ogwai, K., Chelangat, M., Achieng, M., & Onienga, P. (2018). The socio-economic impact of Cage Culture in Lake Victoria for informed decision making. In Technical Report, KMF/RS/2017. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute.
  • Opiyo, M. A., Marijani, E., Muendo, P., Odede, R., Leschen, W., & Charo-Karisa, H. (2018). A review of aquaculture production and health management practices of farmed fish in Kenya. International journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, 6(2), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.07.001
  • Orina, P., Ogello, E., Kembenya, E., Muthoni, C., Musa, S., Ombwa, V., Mwainge; V., Abwao; J., Ondiba; R., Kengere, J., & Karoza, S. (2021). The state of cage culture in Lake Victoria: A focus on sustainability, rural economic empowerment, and food security. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 24(1), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.01.09
  • Leonard, L. S., & Mahengea, A. (2022). Assessment of water quality from privately owned fish ponds used for aquaculture in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Applied Journal of Environmental Engineering Science, 8(1), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.48422/IMIST.PRSM/ajees-v8i1.29831
  • Simmance, F. A., Nico, G., Funge-Smith, S., Basurto, X., Franz, N., Teoh, S. J., Byrd, K. A., Kolding, J., Ahern, M., Cohen, P. J., Nankwenya, B., Gondwe, E., Virdin, J., Chimatiro, S., Nagoli, J., Kaunda, E., Shakuntala H. Thilsted, S. H., & Mills, D. J. (2022). Proximity to small-scale inland and coastal fisheries is associated with improved income and food security. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1), 174. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00496-5
  • Wenhai, L., Cusack, C., Baker, M., Tao, W., Mingbao, C., Paige, K., Xiaofan, Z., Levin, L., Escobar, E., Amon, D., Yue, Y., Reitz, A., Neves, A. A. S., O’Rourke, E., Mannarini, G., Pearlman, J., Tinker, J., Horsburgh, K. J., Lehodey, P., Pouliquen, S., Dale, T., Peng, Z., & Yufeng, Y. (2019). Successful blue economy examples with an emphasis on international perspectives. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 261. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00261

Balık kafesi su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği için hidroelektrik rezervuarların fizibilitesi: Kenya'daki kuraklık riski olan bölgelerde balık yetiştiriciliğine yönelik bir strateji

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 16 - 25, 25.10.2023

Jacob Abwao Mary Opiyo Domitila Kyule Josyline Kendi Dan Mungai Tom Ojuok

https://doi.org/10.51756/marlife.1221254

Abstract

Kenya'daki Kurak ve Yarı Kurak Toprakların kırsal nüfusunun önemli bir kısmı açlık, açlık ve yetersiz beslenmeyle bağlantılı sosyal zorluklarla karşı karşıyadır. Kafes kültürünün benimsenmesi yoluyla bu bölgelerdeki mevcut hidroelektrik barajlardan balık üretimi için yararlanılabilir. Bu çalışma, kırsal toplulukların sosyo-ekonomik ve beslenme açısından güçlendirilmesine yönelik bir strateji olarak bu barajların kafes kültürü için uygunluğunu ve fizibilitesini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu çalışmada balık yetiştiricileri, balıkçılar ve baraj sularını evsel ve tarımsal amaçlı kullanan toplulukları kapsayan bir anket yapılmıştır. Ana araştırma yaklaşımları, katılımcılarla derinlemesine, birebir görüşmeler için yarı yapılandırılmış anketlerdi. Yaş, ekonomik durum, eğitim ve ekonomik faaliyetler gibi sosyo-demografik göstergelere ilişkin veri setlerini özetlemek için tanımlayıcı ve çıkarımsal istatistikler kullanıldı. Ankete katılanların çoğunluğu (%49,6), barajlarda aşırı avlanma olmasına ve gözlemlere göre hasatların azalmasına rağmen, elde edilen en önemli faydanın barajdan balık tutmak olduğunu belirtti. Ankette, yanıt verenlerin %26,8'i kafes kurulumundaki en büyük zorluğun su seviyesindeki dalgalanma olduğunu, bunu hırsızlık (%25) ve vahşi hayvan tehdidinin (%16,07) takip ettiğini belirtti. Su kalitesi analizi, hem yerinde parametrelerin (Çözünmüş oksijen, sıcaklık ve pH) hem de besin konsantrasyonlarının balık yetiştiriciliği için kabul edilebilir seviyelerde olduğunu ortaya çıkardı.

Keywords

Kafes kültürü ASAL Yemek üretimi Sosyo-ekonomik etkiler

Project Number

GoK seed Research funds

References

  • Abd El-Hack, M. E., El-Saadony, M. T., Nader, M. M., Salem, H. M., El-Tahan, A. M., Soliman, S. M., & Khafaga, A. F. (2022). Effect of environmental factors on growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). International Journal of Biometeorology, 66(11), 2183-2194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-022-02347-6
  • Abwao, J., & Awuor, F. J. (2019). State of women in the fisheries and aquaculture value chain in Homabay county, Kenya. Towards enhancing sustainable livelihoods and economic empowerment. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 31(12), 1-12.
  • AECOM, (2021). Climate Change Action in the Water Sector in Kenya : Status Review.
  • APHA, (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21st ed. Washington, D.C: APHA-AWWA-WEF.
  • Aura, C. M. (2020). A brief on fish cage farming in Lake Victoria, Kenya as guidance on decision making for policy direction. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI).
  • Aura, C. M., Musa, S., Yongo, E., Okechi, J. K., Njiru, J. M., Ogari, Z., Wanyama, R., Charo-Karisa, H., Mbugua, H., Kidera, S., & Oucho, J. A. (2018). Integration of mapping and socio‐economic status of cage culture: Towards balancing lake‐use and culture fisheries in Lake Victoria, Kenya. Aquaculture Research, 49(1), 532-545. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.13484
  • Aura, C. M., Mwarabu, R. L., Nyamweya, C. S., Owiti, H., Ongore, C. O., Guya, F., Musa, S., Owili, M., Macaria, S., Abila R. O., & Marriott, A. L. (2022). Exploring the potential of small water bodies as an integrative management tool for fisheries production. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 29(3), 254-268. https://doi.org/10.1111/fme.12529
  • Awuor, F. J., Opiyo, M. A., Obiero, K. O., Munguti, J. M., Abwao, J., Nyonje, B. M., Nevejan, N., & Stappen, G. V. (2021). Aquaculture extension service in Kenya: Farmers and extension officers perspectives. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, 13(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.5897/JAERD2020.1203
  • Bahnasawy, M., El-Ghobashy, A., & Abdel-Hakim, N. (2009). Culture of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in a recirculating water system using different protein levels. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 13(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2009.2029
  • Charo-karisa, H., Munguti, J. M., Waidbacher, H., Liti, D., & Zollitsch, W. (2009). Low-Input Cage Culture : Towards Food Security and Livelihood Improvement in Rural Kenya.
  • Ciji, A., & Akhtar, M. S. (2020). Nitrite implications and its management strategies in aquaculture: A review. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(2), 878-908. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12354
  • Das, J. K. (2013). Impact of Training on Sustainable Aquaculture. Environment and Ecology, 31(2), 599-600.
  • El‐Sayed, A. F. M., & Kawanna, M. (2008). Optimum water temperature boosts the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry reared in a recycling system. Aquaculture Research, 39(6), 670-672. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.01915.x
  • FAO, (2022). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020. Towards Blue Transformation. Rome.
  • Golden, C. D., Seto, K. L., Dey, M. M., Chen, O. L., Gephart, J. A., Myers, S. S., Smith, M., Vaitla, B., & Allison, E. H. (2017). Does aquaculture support the needs of nutritionally vulnerable nations?. Frontiers in Marine Science, 4, 159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00478-2
  • Guo, L., & Li, Z. (2003). Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus from fish cage-culture on the communities of a shallow lake in middle Yangtze River basin of China. Aquaculture, 226(1-4), 201-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00478-2
  • Howarth, R. W., Chan, F., Swaney, D. P., Marino, R. M., & Hayn, M. (2021). Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity. Biogeochemistry, 154(2), 293-306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-021-00765-z
  • Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, (2020). Economic Survey 2020. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315016702
  • Lomazzi, M., Borisch, B., & Laaser, U. (2014). The Millennium Development Goals: experiences, achievements and what's next. Global Health Action, 7(1), 23695. https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.23695
  • Martin, S. M., Lorenzen, K., & Bunnefeld, N. (2013). Fishing farmers: Fishing, livelihood diversification and poverty in rural Laos. Human Ecology, 41, 737-747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-013-9567-y
  • Orinda, M., Okuto, E., & Abwao, M. (2021). Cage fish culture in the lake victoria region: Adoption determinants, challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 13(2), 45-55. https://doi.org/10.5897/ijfa2020.0798
  • Munguti, J. M., Nairuti, R., Iteba, J. O., Obiero, K. O., Kyule, D., Opiyo, M. A., Abwao, J., Kirimi, J. G., Outa, N., Muthoka, M., Githukia, C. M., & Ogello, E. O. (2022). Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) culture in Kenya: Emerging production technologies and socio‐economic impacts on local livelihoods. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries, 2(4), 265-276. https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.58
  • Muringai, R. T., Mafongoya, P., & Lottering, R. T. (2022). Sub-Saharan Africa freshwater fisheries under climate change: a review of impacts, adaptation, and mitigation measures. Fishes, 7(3), 131. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7030131
  • Musa, S., Aura, C. M., Owiti, G., Nyonje, B., Orina, P., & Charo-Karisa, H. (2012). Fish farming enterprise productivity program (FFEPP) as an impetus to Oreochromis niloticus (L) farming in Western Kenya: Lessons to learn. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 1324-1330. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR11.1606
  • Ngaira, J. K. (2009). Challenges of water resource management and food production in a changing climate in Kenya. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 2(4), 97–103.
  • Obiero, K. O., Waidbacher, H., Nyawanda, B. O., Munguti, J. M., Manyala, J. O., & Kaunda-Arara, B. (2019). Predicting uptake of aquaculture technologies among smallholder fish farmers in Kenya. Aquaculture International, 27(6), 1689-1707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-019-00423-0
  • Odende, T., Ogello, E. O., Iteba, J. O., Owori, H., Outa, N., Obiero, K. O., Munguti, J. M., Kyule, D. N., Kimani, S., & Osia, M. M. (2022). Promoting sustainable smallholder aquaculture productivity through landscape and seascape aquapark models: A case study of Busia County, Kenya. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6, 898044. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.898044
  • Okuku, E. O., Bouillon, S., Ochiewo, J. O., Munyi, F., Kiteresi, L. I., & Tole, M. (2016). The impacts of hydropower development on rural livelihood sustenance. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 32(2), 267-285. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1056297
  • Ombwa, V., Aura, C., Odada, E., Ogari, Z., Ogik, W., Ogwai, K., Chelangat, M., Achieng, M., & Onienga, P. (2018). The socio-economic impact of Cage Culture in Lake Victoria for informed decision making. In Technical Report, KMF/RS/2017. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute.
  • Opiyo, M. A., Marijani, E., Muendo, P., Odede, R., Leschen, W., & Charo-Karisa, H. (2018). A review of aquaculture production and health management practices of farmed fish in Kenya. International journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, 6(2), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.07.001
  • Orina, P., Ogello, E., Kembenya, E., Muthoni, C., Musa, S., Ombwa, V., Mwainge; V., Abwao; J., Ondiba; R., Kengere, J., & Karoza, S. (2021). The state of cage culture in Lake Victoria: A focus on sustainability, rural economic empowerment, and food security. Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management, 24(1), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.01.09
  • Leonard, L. S., & Mahengea, A. (2022). Assessment of water quality from privately owned fish ponds used for aquaculture in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Applied Journal of Environmental Engineering Science, 8(1), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.48422/IMIST.PRSM/ajees-v8i1.29831
  • Simmance, F. A., Nico, G., Funge-Smith, S., Basurto, X., Franz, N., Teoh, S. J., Byrd, K. A., Kolding, J., Ahern, M., Cohen, P. J., Nankwenya, B., Gondwe, E., Virdin, J., Chimatiro, S., Nagoli, J., Kaunda, E., Shakuntala H. Thilsted, S. H., & Mills, D. J. (2022). Proximity to small-scale inland and coastal fisheries is associated with improved income and food security. Communications Earth & Environment, 3(1), 174. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00496-5
  • Wenhai, L., Cusack, C., Baker, M., Tao, W., Mingbao, C., Paige, K., Xiaofan, Z., Levin, L., Escobar, E., Amon, D., Yue, Y., Reitz, A., Neves, A. A. S., O’Rourke, E., Mannarini, G., Pearlman, J., Tinker, J., Horsburgh, K. J., Lehodey, P., Pouliquen, S., Dale, T., Peng, Z., & Yufeng, Y. (2019). Successful blue economy examples with an emphasis on international perspectives. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 261. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00261
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Fisheries Management, Aquaculture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Jacob Abwao 0000-0002-2419-3797

Mary Opiyo 0000-0001-9660-5888

Domitila Kyule 0000-0003-1264-3743

Josyline Kendi 0000-0001-9302-0059

Dan Mungai 0000-0002-0357-3870

Tom Ojuok 0000-0002-1450-722X

Project Number GoK seed Research funds
Early Pub Date October 19, 2023
Publication Date October 25, 2023
Submission Date January 12, 2023
Acceptance Date February 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Abwao, J., Opiyo, M., Kyule, D., Kendi, J., et al. (2023). Feasibility of hydropower reservoirs for fish cage Aquaculture: A strategy for fish farming in drought risk areas in Kenya. Marine and Life Sciences, 5(1), 16-25. https://doi.org/10.51756/marlife.1221254
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