Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

EXAMINATION OF HIGH-TECH EXPORT DETERMINANTS BY PANEL ARDL ANALYSIS

Year 2022, Issue: 35, 193 - 204, 29.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.1110014

Abstract

In countries, economic recovery and sustainable economic growth are largely dependent on exports and especially high technology exports. In many studies with theoretical and empirical approaches, factors associated with the volume and performance of high-tech exports have been identified. The aim of this study is to try to evaluate the relationship between some factors identified in previous studies and high technology exports at the level of high-middle income countries. For this purpose, the period between 2000 and 2019 of 26 High-Middle income countries with appropriate data has been analyzed with panel ARDL method. According to the results of the analysis, a positive relationship has been found between high technology exports and research and development expenditures, gross capital formation, trade openness and economic freedom index variables in the long run, while a negative relationship has been found with foreign direct investment. In the short run, there is no relationship between the variables.

References

  • Akyol, M. ve Demez, S. (2020). Ar-Ge harcamalarının yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatına etkisi: AB’ye üye geçiş ekonomileri ve Türkiye analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 767-781.
  • Baesu, V., Albulescu, C. T., Farkas, Z.-B. ve Drăghici, A. (2015). Determinants of the high-tech sector innovation performance in the European Union: A review. Procedia Technology, 19, 371-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2015.02.053
  • Braunerhjelm, P. ve Thulin, P. (2008). Can countries create comparative advantages? R&D expenditures, high-tech exports and country size in 19 OECD countries,1981–1999. International Economic Journal, 22(1), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/10168730801887026
  • Çoban, M. N. (2020). Romer hipotezi kapsamında ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: Next 11 ülkeleri için panel ardl analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 651-660.
  • Demirtaş, G. ve Aktop, V. S. (2018). Türkiye’de teknoloji transferinin içselleştirilmesi üzerine ampirik bir çalışma. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 29(108), 69-103. https://doi.org/10.5455/ey.16698
  • Falk, M. (2009) High-tech exports and economic growth in industrialized countries. Applied Economics Letters, 16(10), 1025-1028. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504850701222228
  • Fracasso, E.M., Tello-Gamarra, J. & Zawislak, P.A. (2018). Technological intensity and innovation capability in industrial firms. Innovation & Management Review, 15(2), 189-120.
  • Gaur, M., Kant, R. ve Verma, N. M. P. (2020). Macro-Economic determinants of high technology exports. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(5), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.5.506
  • Gani, A. (2009). Technological achievement, high technology exports and growth. Journal of Comparative International Management, 12(2), 31-47.
  • Gökçe Güravşar, S., Karatepe, S. ve Karagöz, M.(2010). The impact of R&D intensity on high-tech exports: Case of Turkey and EU-27 countries. Erişim Tarihi: 16.04.2022, http://abakus.inonu.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11616/12168/79.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Gökmen, Y. ve Turen, U. (2013). The determinants of high technology exports volume: A panel data analysis of EU-15 countries. International Journal of Management, Economics and Social Sciences, 2(3), 217-232.
  • Güler, A. ve Özyurt, H. (2011). Merkez bankası bağımsızlığı ve reel ekonomik performans: Panel ARDL analizi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 11-20.
  • Kabaklarlı, E., Duran, M. S. ve Üçler, Y. T. (2017). The determinants of high-technology exports a panel data approach for selected OECD countries. Presented at the 3rd Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting, Dubrovnik.
  • Kızılkaya, O., Ay A. ve Sofuoğlu, E. (2016). The determinants of high technology product export in BRICT countries: An econometric approach. Global Journal on Humanites & Social Sciences, 4, 112-120.
  • Kızılkaya, O., Sofuoğlu, E. ve Ay, A. (2017). Yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı üzerinde doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ve dışa açıklığın etkisi: Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde panel veri analizi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 18(1) 2017, 63-78.
  • Keeble, D. ve Wilkınson, F. (2000). High-technology SMEs, regional clustering and collective learning: An overview. D. Keeble, F. Wilkinson (Eds.), High-technology clusters, networking and collective learning in Europe (1-20). Routledge.
  • Lall, S. (2000). The technological structure and performance of developing country manufactured exports, 1985-1998. Oxford Development Studies, 28(3), 337-369.
  • Leromain, E. ve Orefice, G. (2014). New revealed comparative advantage index: Dataset and empirical distribution. International Economics, 139, 48-70.
  • Mabunda, R. (2020). Determinants of the technological ıntensity of exports : Econometric evidence from developing countries (215048071) [Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Proquest. https://www.proquest.com/pagepdf/2572305615/Record/BC16941CEA4449A9PQ/5?accountid=86200
  • Mehrara, M., Seıjanı, S. ve Karsaları, A. R. (2017). Determinants of high-tech export in developing countries based on Bayesian model averaging. Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics: Journal of Economics and Business, 35(1), 199-215.
  • N’da, K., Robına, S. ve Trıbunella, T. (2009). Economic freedom and the impact of technology on productivity. Journal of Global Information Management, 17(3),42-58. https://doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2009070103
  • Özsoy, S., Ergüzel, O. Ş., Ersoy, A. Y. ve Saygılı, M. (2022). The impact of digitalization on export of high technology products: A panel data approach. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 31(2), 277-298. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2021.1965645
  • Peseran, M. H., Shin, Y. ve Smith, R. P. (1999). Pooled mean group estimation of dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 94(446), 621-634. https://doi.org/10.2307/2670182
  • Porter, M. E. (1998). On competition. Harvard Business School Press.
  • Sahin, B. E. (2019). Impact of high technology export on economic growth: An analysis on Turkey. Journal of Business, Economics and Finance, 8(3), 165-172. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2019.1123
  • Samen, S. (2010). A primer on export diversification: Key concepts, theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence. Growth and Crisis Unit World Bank Institute.
  • Seyoum, B. (2005). Determinants of levels of high technology exports an empirical investigation. Advances in Competitiveness Research, 13 (1), 64-79.
  • Srholec, M. (2007). High-tech exports from developing countries: A symptom of technology spurts or statistical illusion?. Review of World Economics, 143(2), 227-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-007-0106-z
  • Tebaldi, E. (2011). The Determinants of high-technology exports: A panel data analysis. Atlantic Economic Journal, 39, 343–353.
  • UNIDO. (2022). Classification of manufacturing sectors by technological intensity (ISIC Revision 4). https://stat.unido.org/content/learning-center/classification-of-manufacturing-sectors-by-technological-intensity-%28isic-revision-4%29;jsessionid=B99E902A3918AB9F3DF9859923DFC4F4
  • World Bank. (2022). World Development Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=2&type=metadata&series=TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS
  • Yaman, H. ve Sungur, O. (2020). İleri teknoloji ihracatı ve büyüme ilişkisi: OECD ülkelerine yönelik ekonometrik bir analiz. BAİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(1), 63-80. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.645139
  • Yavuz, G. ve Uysal, Ö. (2020). İleri teknoloji ürün ihracatını etkileyen faktörlerin analizi: OECD örneği. Uluslararası Ekonomi, İşletme ve Politika Dergisi, 4(1), 205-220.
  • Yerdelen, T. F. (2018). Panel zaman serileri analizi: Stata uygulamalı. Beta Yayınları.

YÜKSEK TEKNOLOJİ İHRACATI BELİRLEYİCİLERİNİN PANEL ARDL ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ

Year 2022, Issue: 35, 193 - 204, 29.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.1110014

Abstract

Ülkelerde, ekonomik iyileşme ve sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyümenin sağlanması büyük ölçüde ihracata ve özellikle yüksek teknoloji ihracatına bağlıdır. Teorik ve ampirik yaklaşımlı birçok çalışmada, yüksek teknoloji ihracatının hacmi ve performansı ile ilişkili faktörler tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise önceki çalışmalarda tespit edilen bazı faktörler ile yüksek teknoloji ihracatı arasındaki ilişkiyi Yüksek-Orta gelirli ülkeler düzeyinde değerlendirmeye çalışmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda uygun veriye sahip 26 yüksek-orta gelirli ülkenin 2000-2019 yılları arasındaki dönemi panel ARDL yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre yüksek teknoloji ihracatı ile araştırma ve geliştirme harcamaları (Ar-Ge), brüt sermaye oluşumu, ticari açıklık ve ekonomik özgürlük indeksi değişkenleri arasında uzun dönemde pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilirken doğrudan yabancı yatırım (DYY) ile negatif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Kısa dönemde ise değişkenler arasında ilişki olmadığı görülmüştür.

References

  • Akyol, M. ve Demez, S. (2020). Ar-Ge harcamalarının yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatına etkisi: AB’ye üye geçiş ekonomileri ve Türkiye analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 767-781.
  • Baesu, V., Albulescu, C. T., Farkas, Z.-B. ve Drăghici, A. (2015). Determinants of the high-tech sector innovation performance in the European Union: A review. Procedia Technology, 19, 371-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2015.02.053
  • Braunerhjelm, P. ve Thulin, P. (2008). Can countries create comparative advantages? R&D expenditures, high-tech exports and country size in 19 OECD countries,1981–1999. International Economic Journal, 22(1), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/10168730801887026
  • Çoban, M. N. (2020). Romer hipotezi kapsamında ticari dışa açıklık ve enflasyon ilişkisi: Next 11 ülkeleri için panel ardl analizi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Elektronik Dergisi, 11(3), 651-660.
  • Demirtaş, G. ve Aktop, V. S. (2018). Türkiye’de teknoloji transferinin içselleştirilmesi üzerine ampirik bir çalışma. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 29(108), 69-103. https://doi.org/10.5455/ey.16698
  • Falk, M. (2009) High-tech exports and economic growth in industrialized countries. Applied Economics Letters, 16(10), 1025-1028. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504850701222228
  • Fracasso, E.M., Tello-Gamarra, J. & Zawislak, P.A. (2018). Technological intensity and innovation capability in industrial firms. Innovation & Management Review, 15(2), 189-120.
  • Gaur, M., Kant, R. ve Verma, N. M. P. (2020). Macro-Economic determinants of high technology exports. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(5), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.5.506
  • Gani, A. (2009). Technological achievement, high technology exports and growth. Journal of Comparative International Management, 12(2), 31-47.
  • Gökçe Güravşar, S., Karatepe, S. ve Karagöz, M.(2010). The impact of R&D intensity on high-tech exports: Case of Turkey and EU-27 countries. Erişim Tarihi: 16.04.2022, http://abakus.inonu.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11616/12168/79.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Gökmen, Y. ve Turen, U. (2013). The determinants of high technology exports volume: A panel data analysis of EU-15 countries. International Journal of Management, Economics and Social Sciences, 2(3), 217-232.
  • Güler, A. ve Özyurt, H. (2011). Merkez bankası bağımsızlığı ve reel ekonomik performans: Panel ARDL analizi. Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2), 11-20.
  • Kabaklarlı, E., Duran, M. S. ve Üçler, Y. T. (2017). The determinants of high-technology exports a panel data approach for selected OECD countries. Presented at the 3rd Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting, Dubrovnik.
  • Kızılkaya, O., Ay A. ve Sofuoğlu, E. (2016). The determinants of high technology product export in BRICT countries: An econometric approach. Global Journal on Humanites & Social Sciences, 4, 112-120.
  • Kızılkaya, O., Sofuoğlu, E. ve Ay, A. (2017). Yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı üzerinde doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ve dışa açıklığın etkisi: Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde panel veri analizi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 18(1) 2017, 63-78.
  • Keeble, D. ve Wilkınson, F. (2000). High-technology SMEs, regional clustering and collective learning: An overview. D. Keeble, F. Wilkinson (Eds.), High-technology clusters, networking and collective learning in Europe (1-20). Routledge.
  • Lall, S. (2000). The technological structure and performance of developing country manufactured exports, 1985-1998. Oxford Development Studies, 28(3), 337-369.
  • Leromain, E. ve Orefice, G. (2014). New revealed comparative advantage index: Dataset and empirical distribution. International Economics, 139, 48-70.
  • Mabunda, R. (2020). Determinants of the technological ıntensity of exports : Econometric evidence from developing countries (215048071) [Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Proquest. https://www.proquest.com/pagepdf/2572305615/Record/BC16941CEA4449A9PQ/5?accountid=86200
  • Mehrara, M., Seıjanı, S. ve Karsaları, A. R. (2017). Determinants of high-tech export in developing countries based on Bayesian model averaging. Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics: Journal of Economics and Business, 35(1), 199-215.
  • N’da, K., Robına, S. ve Trıbunella, T. (2009). Economic freedom and the impact of technology on productivity. Journal of Global Information Management, 17(3),42-58. https://doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2009070103
  • Özsoy, S., Ergüzel, O. Ş., Ersoy, A. Y. ve Saygılı, M. (2022). The impact of digitalization on export of high technology products: A panel data approach. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 31(2), 277-298. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2021.1965645
  • Peseran, M. H., Shin, Y. ve Smith, R. P. (1999). Pooled mean group estimation of dynamic heterogeneous panels. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 94(446), 621-634. https://doi.org/10.2307/2670182
  • Porter, M. E. (1998). On competition. Harvard Business School Press.
  • Sahin, B. E. (2019). Impact of high technology export on economic growth: An analysis on Turkey. Journal of Business, Economics and Finance, 8(3), 165-172. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2019.1123
  • Samen, S. (2010). A primer on export diversification: Key concepts, theoretical underpinnings and empirical evidence. Growth and Crisis Unit World Bank Institute.
  • Seyoum, B. (2005). Determinants of levels of high technology exports an empirical investigation. Advances in Competitiveness Research, 13 (1), 64-79.
  • Srholec, M. (2007). High-tech exports from developing countries: A symptom of technology spurts or statistical illusion?. Review of World Economics, 143(2), 227-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-007-0106-z
  • Tebaldi, E. (2011). The Determinants of high-technology exports: A panel data analysis. Atlantic Economic Journal, 39, 343–353.
  • UNIDO. (2022). Classification of manufacturing sectors by technological intensity (ISIC Revision 4). https://stat.unido.org/content/learning-center/classification-of-manufacturing-sectors-by-technological-intensity-%28isic-revision-4%29;jsessionid=B99E902A3918AB9F3DF9859923DFC4F4
  • World Bank. (2022). World Development Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/reports.aspx?source=2&type=metadata&series=TX.VAL.TECH.MF.ZS
  • Yaman, H. ve Sungur, O. (2020). İleri teknoloji ihracatı ve büyüme ilişkisi: OECD ülkelerine yönelik ekonometrik bir analiz. BAİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 20(1), 63-80. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v20i53206.645139
  • Yavuz, G. ve Uysal, Ö. (2020). İleri teknoloji ürün ihracatını etkileyen faktörlerin analizi: OECD örneği. Uluslararası Ekonomi, İşletme ve Politika Dergisi, 4(1), 205-220.
  • Yerdelen, T. F. (2018). Panel zaman serileri analizi: Stata uygulamalı. Beta Yayınları.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Yusuf Kalkan 0000-0003-4246-8624

Fahrettin Pala 0000-0001-9565-8638

Publication Date May 29, 2022
Submission Date April 27, 2022
Acceptance Date May 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Issue: 35

Cite

APA Kalkan, Y., & Pala, F. (2022). YÜKSEK TEKNOLOJİ İHRACATI BELİRLEYİCİLERİNİN PANEL ARDL ANALİZİ İLE İNCELENMESİ. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(35), 193-204. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.1110014