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Bacterial Infection in Cultured Common Dentex (Dentex dentex, L. 1758)

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 132 - 138, 05.07.2019

Abstract

The aim of this study is the
identification of microbial agents recovered from 8 moribund common dentex (
Dentex dentex) samples (140-200 g), determination of their antimicrobial
susceptibilities and description of histopathological changes. Main clinical
external and internal symptoms of bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia cases such
as fin base and liver haemorrhages, splenomegaly, accumulation of fluid in the
intestines and peritoneal cavity were observed. Bacteriological samples of
liver, kidney and spleen were streaked onto Marine Agar and Tryptic Soy Agar
plates containing %1,5 NaCl and incubated at 22°C for 48h. Gram-positive
non-motile cocci and Gram-negative motile bacillus were isolated from visceral
organs. According to morphological and biochemical characteristics, isolates
were identified as
Micrococcus luteus
and
Vibrio sp. The Kirby-Bauer disk
diffusion method was also performed using multidisc and all isolates were
determined to be sensitive against kanamycin, oxytetracycline and flumequine.
In the infected fish, general cell degenerations and necrosis in various
tissues, a remarkable increase in the goblet cells of the intestines, hepatic
lipidosis in the liver, hyperplasia in the gills and the presence of
melanomacrophage centres in various tissues were demonstrated. As a result,
here, a mixed infection in moribund fish samples was described and this is the
first report on the histopathological changes of
M. luteus infection in a marine fish species. This bacterium was
detected as a possible pathogen of common
dentex with various external, internal and histopathological
damages.

Supporting Institution

İstanbul Ünivefrsitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Destek Birimi

Project Number

2637

Thanks

This study was supported by the Istanbul University Research Projects Found with the project number 2637

References

  • Abd El-Rhman, A.M., Khattab, Y.A.E. & Shalaby, A.M.E. (2009). Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas species as probiotics for promoting the growth performance and health of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 27, 175–180.
  • Akaylı, T. & Yardımcı, R.E. (2018). Diagnosis of Micrococcus sp. infection in cultured sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo Walbaum, 1792). II. International Fisheries Symposium, 4-8 November 2018, Kyrenia- TRNC, p114.
  • Akaylı, T., Ürkü, Ç. & Başaran, B. (2011). Kültür balıklarında Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii enfeksiyonu. İ.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 26, 1-12.
  • Akaylı, T., Erkan, M., Yardımcı, R. E., Çanak, Ö. & Ürkü, Ç. (2015). Interaction of gut flora and bacterial pathogens of cultured common dentex (Dentex dentex). The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 67, 6 pages.
  • Akaylı, T., Albayrak, G., Ürkü, Ç., Çanak, Ö. & Yörük, E. (2016a). Characterization of Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus marisflavi recovered from common dentex (Dentex dentex) larviculture system. Mediterranean Marine Science, 17(1), 163-169.
  • Akaylı, T., Ürkü, Ç., Çanak, Ö., Sönmez, E. & Erk, M.H. (2016b). Micrococcus luteus’un bazı Gram pozitif balık patojenlerine karşı etkisinin araştırılması. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 9(2), 74-79.
  • Austin, B. & Austin, D.A. (2016). Bacterial fish pathogens (6th ed) (732 p.) Springer.
  • Austin., B & Stobie, M. (1992). Recovery of Micrococcus luteus and presumptive Planococcus sp. from moribund fish during an outbreak of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). fry syndrome in England, Journal of Fish Diseases, 15, 203-206.
  • Aydın, S., Ciltas, A., Yetim, H. & Akyurt, İ. (2005). Clinical, pathological and haematological effect of Micrococcus luteus infections in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 4(2), 167-174.
  • Bhunia, A.K., Johnson, M.C. & Ray, B. (1998). Purification, characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of a bacteriocin produced by Pedicoccus acidolactici. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 65, 261-268.
  • Çanak, Ö. & Akaylı, T. (2018). Bacteria recovered from cultured gilt-head seabream (Sparus aurata) and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. European Journal of Biology, 77(1), 11-17.
  • Company, R., Sitja-Bobadilla, A., Pujalte, M.J., Garay, E., Alvarez-Pellitero, P. & Perez-Sanchez, J.P. (1999). Bacterial and parasitic pathogens in cultured common dentex, Dentex dentex L. Journal of Fish Diseases, 22(4), 299-309.
  • Conroy, D.A. (1966). A report on the problem of bacterial fish disease in the Argentine Republic. Bulletin of International Epizootics, 65, 755-768.
  • Diler, Ö. & Diler, A. (1998). Eğirdir gölü sudak balıklarında (Stizostedion lucioperca L.1758) mide-barsak mikroflorasının kalitatif ve kantitatif değisimleri. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22, 325–328.
  • FAO (2018). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018 – Meeting sustainable development goals. (210 p) Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
  • Gomez, R.G., Balcazar, J.L., & Shen, M.A. (2007). Probiotics as control agents in aquaculture. Journal of Ocean University China, 6(1) 76-79.
  • Grisez, L., Reyneirs, J., Verdonck, L., Swings, J. & Ollevier, F. (1997). Dominant intestinal microflora of sea bream and sea bass larvae, from two hatcheries, during larval development. Aquaculture, 155:387-399.
  • Mousavi, S.S., Khara, H., Saeidi, A.A., Ghiasi, M. & Zahedi, A. (2010). Determination of Staphylococcosis and Micrococcosis outbreak on elected rainbow trout farms in Mazandaran province. Journal of Fisheries, 4(1), 109-114.
  • Ringo E., Lvmo L., Kristiansen M., Bakken Y., Salinas I., Myklebust R., Olsen R.E. & Mayhew T.M. (2010). Lactic acid bacteria vs. pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract of fish: a review. Aquaculture Research, 41, 451-467.
  • Rigos, G. & Katharios, P., (2010). Pathological obstacles of newly-introduced fish species in Mediterranean mariculture: a review. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 20, 47-70.
  • Rigos, G., Grigorakis, K., Nengas, I., Christophilogiannis, P., Yiagnisi, M., Koutsodimou, M., Andriopoulou, K. & Alexis, M. (1998). Stress related pathology seems a significant obstacle for the intensive farming of common dentex, Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Bulletin of European Assosciation of Fish Pathologists, 18, 15–19.
  • Roberts, R.J. (2012). Fish Pathology (4th ed) (590 p.) Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Rudea, F.M. & Martinez, F.J. (2001). A review on the biology and potential aquaculture of Dentex dentex. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 11: 57–70.
  • Saka, Ş., Tuncer, H., Fırat, K. & Uçal, O. (2007). Culture of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and other Mediterranean species. In A. Candan, S. Karataş, H. Küçüktaş, İ. Okumuş (Eds.), Marine Aquaculture in Turkey (pp. 11-20): TÜDAV.
  • Sitja-Bobadilla, A., Pujalte, M.J., Bermejo, A., Garay, E., Alvarez-Pellitero, P. & Perez-Sanchez, J. (2007). Bacteria associated with winter mortalities in laboratory-reared common dentex (Dentex dentex L.). Aquaculture Research, 38, 733-739.
  • TUİK Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri – Kültür Balıkları. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. http://tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1005/ Accessed 10.05.2019.
  • Turgay, E. & Karataş, S. (2016). First report of Vibrio harveyi infection in diseased common dentex (Dentex dentex) cultured in Turkey. S.D.Ü. Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 170-176.
  • Türk, N., Yabanlı, M., Baba, E., Öntaş, C. & Aydın, M.A. (2013). Detection of bacterial diseases and determination of antibacterial susceptibilities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) in Turkey. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 7(4), 351-359.
  • Wallace, K.N., Akhter, S., Smith, E.M., Lorent, K. & Pack, M. (2005). Intestinal growth and differentiation in zebrafish. Mech. Dev., 122, 157-173.

Kültür Sinarit (Dentex dentex, L. 1758) Balıklarında Bakteriyel Enfeksiyon

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 132 - 138, 05.07.2019

Abstract

Bu çalışmada toplam 8 adet hasta sinarit (Dentex dentex) (140-200g) balığının
hastalık etkenlerinin identifikasyonu ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları yanı
sıra balıklarda meydana gelen histopatolojik değişimlerin ortaya çıkartılması
amaçlanmıştır. Hasta balık numunelerinde, yüzgeç diplerinde ve karaciğerde
hemorajiler, dalakta büyüme, bağırsaklar ile periton boşluğunda sıvı birikimi
gibi bakteriyel hemorajik septisemi olgularında görülen iç ve dış semptomlar
gözlemlenmiştir. Bakteriyolojik ekimler enfekte balıkların karaciğer, böbrek ve
dalak gibi iç organlarından %1,5NaCl içeren Triptik Soy Agar’a ve Marine Agar’a
yapılmış ve petri kapları 22°C’de 48 saat inkübe edilmiştir. İç organlardan
Gram-pozitif hareketsiz koklar ve Gram-negatif hareketli basiller izole
edilmiştir. Morfolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerine göre izolatlar
Micrococcus luteus ve Vibrio sp. olarak identifiye edilmiştir.
Kirby-Bauer disk diffüzyon metodu çoklu disk yöntemi kullanılarak uygulanmış ve
tüm izolatların kanamisin, oksitetrasiklin ve flumekuine karşı duyarlı olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Enfekte balıkların çeşitli dokularında genel olarak hücre
dejenerasyonu ve nekrozu, bağırsaklarda goblet hücrelerinde gözle görülür bir
artış, karaciğerde hepatik lipidosis, solungaçlarda hiperplazi ve çeşitli dokularda
melanomakrofaj merkezlerinin varlığı gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; bu çalışma
ile hasta deniz balığı örneklerinde karma
bir enfeksiyon tanımlanmıştır ve bu
bir deniz balığı türünde M. luteus enfeksiyonuna bağlı histopatolojik değişimler üzerine ilk rapordur. Bu
bakterinin, neden olduğu çeşitli
dış, iç ve histopatolojik etkileri nedeniyle sinarit
balığının olası bir
patojeni
olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Project Number

2637

References

  • Abd El-Rhman, A.M., Khattab, Y.A.E. & Shalaby, A.M.E. (2009). Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas species as probiotics for promoting the growth performance and health of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 27, 175–180.
  • Akaylı, T. & Yardımcı, R.E. (2018). Diagnosis of Micrococcus sp. infection in cultured sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo Walbaum, 1792). II. International Fisheries Symposium, 4-8 November 2018, Kyrenia- TRNC, p114.
  • Akaylı, T., Ürkü, Ç. & Başaran, B. (2011). Kültür balıklarında Staphylococcus cohnii subsp. cohnii enfeksiyonu. İ.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 26, 1-12.
  • Akaylı, T., Erkan, M., Yardımcı, R. E., Çanak, Ö. & Ürkü, Ç. (2015). Interaction of gut flora and bacterial pathogens of cultured common dentex (Dentex dentex). The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh, 67, 6 pages.
  • Akaylı, T., Albayrak, G., Ürkü, Ç., Çanak, Ö. & Yörük, E. (2016a). Characterization of Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus marisflavi recovered from common dentex (Dentex dentex) larviculture system. Mediterranean Marine Science, 17(1), 163-169.
  • Akaylı, T., Ürkü, Ç., Çanak, Ö., Sönmez, E. & Erk, M.H. (2016b). Micrococcus luteus’un bazı Gram pozitif balık patojenlerine karşı etkisinin araştırılması. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 9(2), 74-79.
  • Austin, B. & Austin, D.A. (2016). Bacterial fish pathogens (6th ed) (732 p.) Springer.
  • Austin., B & Stobie, M. (1992). Recovery of Micrococcus luteus and presumptive Planococcus sp. from moribund fish during an outbreak of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). fry syndrome in England, Journal of Fish Diseases, 15, 203-206.
  • Aydın, S., Ciltas, A., Yetim, H. & Akyurt, İ. (2005). Clinical, pathological and haematological effect of Micrococcus luteus infections in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 4(2), 167-174.
  • Bhunia, A.K., Johnson, M.C. & Ray, B. (1998). Purification, characterization and antimicrobial spectrum of a bacteriocin produced by Pedicoccus acidolactici. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 65, 261-268.
  • Çanak, Ö. & Akaylı, T. (2018). Bacteria recovered from cultured gilt-head seabream (Sparus aurata) and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. European Journal of Biology, 77(1), 11-17.
  • Company, R., Sitja-Bobadilla, A., Pujalte, M.J., Garay, E., Alvarez-Pellitero, P. & Perez-Sanchez, J.P. (1999). Bacterial and parasitic pathogens in cultured common dentex, Dentex dentex L. Journal of Fish Diseases, 22(4), 299-309.
  • Conroy, D.A. (1966). A report on the problem of bacterial fish disease in the Argentine Republic. Bulletin of International Epizootics, 65, 755-768.
  • Diler, Ö. & Diler, A. (1998). Eğirdir gölü sudak balıklarında (Stizostedion lucioperca L.1758) mide-barsak mikroflorasının kalitatif ve kantitatif değisimleri. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 22, 325–328.
  • FAO (2018). The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018 – Meeting sustainable development goals. (210 p) Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome.
  • Gomez, R.G., Balcazar, J.L., & Shen, M.A. (2007). Probiotics as control agents in aquaculture. Journal of Ocean University China, 6(1) 76-79.
  • Grisez, L., Reyneirs, J., Verdonck, L., Swings, J. & Ollevier, F. (1997). Dominant intestinal microflora of sea bream and sea bass larvae, from two hatcheries, during larval development. Aquaculture, 155:387-399.
  • Mousavi, S.S., Khara, H., Saeidi, A.A., Ghiasi, M. & Zahedi, A. (2010). Determination of Staphylococcosis and Micrococcosis outbreak on elected rainbow trout farms in Mazandaran province. Journal of Fisheries, 4(1), 109-114.
  • Ringo E., Lvmo L., Kristiansen M., Bakken Y., Salinas I., Myklebust R., Olsen R.E. & Mayhew T.M. (2010). Lactic acid bacteria vs. pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract of fish: a review. Aquaculture Research, 41, 451-467.
  • Rigos, G. & Katharios, P., (2010). Pathological obstacles of newly-introduced fish species in Mediterranean mariculture: a review. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 20, 47-70.
  • Rigos, G., Grigorakis, K., Nengas, I., Christophilogiannis, P., Yiagnisi, M., Koutsodimou, M., Andriopoulou, K. & Alexis, M. (1998). Stress related pathology seems a significant obstacle for the intensive farming of common dentex, Dentex dentex (Linnaeus 1758). Bulletin of European Assosciation of Fish Pathologists, 18, 15–19.
  • Roberts, R.J. (2012). Fish Pathology (4th ed) (590 p.) Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Rudea, F.M. & Martinez, F.J. (2001). A review on the biology and potential aquaculture of Dentex dentex. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 11: 57–70.
  • Saka, Ş., Tuncer, H., Fırat, K. & Uçal, O. (2007). Culture of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and other Mediterranean species. In A. Candan, S. Karataş, H. Küçüktaş, İ. Okumuş (Eds.), Marine Aquaculture in Turkey (pp. 11-20): TÜDAV.
  • Sitja-Bobadilla, A., Pujalte, M.J., Bermejo, A., Garay, E., Alvarez-Pellitero, P. & Perez-Sanchez, J. (2007). Bacteria associated with winter mortalities in laboratory-reared common dentex (Dentex dentex L.). Aquaculture Research, 38, 733-739.
  • TUİK Su Ürünleri İstatistikleri – Kültür Balıkları. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. http://tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo.do?alt_id=1005/ Accessed 10.05.2019.
  • Turgay, E. & Karataş, S. (2016). First report of Vibrio harveyi infection in diseased common dentex (Dentex dentex) cultured in Turkey. S.D.Ü. Eğirdir Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 170-176.
  • Türk, N., Yabanlı, M., Baba, E., Öntaş, C. & Aydın, M.A. (2013). Detection of bacterial diseases and determination of antibacterial susceptibilities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) in Turkey. Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, 7(4), 351-359.
  • Wallace, K.N., Akhter, S., Smith, E.M., Lorent, K. & Pack, M. (2005). Intestinal growth and differentiation in zebrafish. Mech. Dev., 122, 157-173.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Hydrobiology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tülay Akaylı

Çiğdem Ürkü This is me 0000-0003-0381-9321

Remziye Yardımcı 0000-0001-7737-8739

Özgür Çanak 0000-0001-6194-0096

Project Number 2637
Publication Date July 5, 2019
Submission Date May 28, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Akaylı, T., Ürkü, Ç., Yardımcı, R., Çanak, Ö. (2019). Bacterial Infection in Cultured Common Dentex (Dentex dentex, L. 1758). Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Journal of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, 2(1), 132-138.