Research Article
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Determination of serotypic differences of Lactococcus garvieae isolates obtained from rainbow trout farms

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 135 - 143, 07.05.2020

Şükrü Önalan , Muhammed Arabacı , Haşmet Çağırgan

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR20012

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the serotypic differences between Lactococcus garvieae strains isolated from rainbow trout obtained from different fish farms in Turkey. For this purpose, some phenotypic properties of isolates were determined and then ELISA test was performed to determine serotypic differences. It was determined that all 22 L. garvieae isolates used in the study gave a cream colored, bright, rounded smooth S type colony in Triptic Soy Agar (TSA) and all strains were nonmobile in the native examination. Morphologically, all isolates were found to be Gram positive, nonmobile, α-hemolytic, to have a growth of 0-6.5% NaCl salinity, 21, 37 and 45℃ temperature, and to be oxidase and catalase negative. After examining the biochemical made with API Rapid ID 32 Strep test, it was observed that two L. garvieae isolates were different from the other isolates in terms of sucrose use and one L. garvieae isolate was different from other isolates in terms of maltose profile. According to the results of ELISA test used to determine the serotypical differences of the isolates, two L. garvieae isolates were serotypically different from the other isolates and L. garvieae isolates used in the study formed two different serotypic groups. 

Keywords

Fish diseases Rainbow trout L. garvieae Serotype ELISA

Supporting Institution

Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAP)

Project Number

2014-FBE-D025

References

  • Ağaçfidan, A., Anğ, Ö., Badur, S., Bozkaya, E., Dernetli, Ş., Küçüker, M., Gürler, B., Öner, Y.A., Öngen, B., Töreci, K., Yeğenoğlu, Y. (2002). Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department, Antigen-Antibody Reactions and Indirect Diagnostic Methods, (Ed: Bozkaya, E.) Nobel Medical Bookstore, ISBN: 975-420-230-3.
  • Altınışık, M. (2004). Immunological Techniques. ADÜTF Biyokimya A.D., 2004. http://www.mustafaaltinisik.org.uk/45-uzm-03.pdf (Access date: 19.04.2013).
  • Arda, M., Seçer, S., Sarıeyyüpoglu, M. (2002). Fish Diseases. Medisan Publishing Series, 1st Edition, Ankara. ISBN 975-7774-58-8
  • Austin, B., Austin, D.A. (2007). Bacterial Fish Pathogens Disease of Farmed and Wild Fish, Fourth Edition, Springer Dordrecht Berlin Heidelberg New York, ISBN 978-1-4020-6068-7.
  • Austin, B., Austin, D.A. (1999). Bacterial fish pathogens: Disease in Farmed and Wild Fish. 3rd (Revised) Edition. Praxis Publishing, Chichester, UK. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6069-4
  • Aydın, N. (1992). Identification of Gram positive, catalase negative cocci isolated from clinical samples. Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, (Doctoral dissertation). Health Sciences Institute, 1992.
  • Balta, F., Dengiz Balta, Z. (2019). The isolation of Lactococcus garvieae from eyes of diseased rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with exopthalmia. Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.527258
  • Baraketi, A., D'Auria, S., Shankar, S., Fraschini, C., Salmieri, S., Menissier, J., Lacroix, M. (2020). Novel spider web trap approach based on chitosan/cellulose nanocrystals/glycerol membrane for the detection of Escherichia coli O157: H7 on food surfaces. International journal of biological macromolecules, 146, 1009-1014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.225
  • Barnes, A.C., Ellis, A.E. (2004). Role of Capsule in Serotypic Differences and Complement Fixation by L. garvieae. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 16, 207–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-4648(03)00079-2
  • Beşe, M. (1974). Biochemical Tests and Media Used in Microbiology. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Publications, 298, p: 96-162, Ankara.
  • Beşe, M. (1993). Stains and Dyeing Methods Used in Microbiology. Istanbul University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Publications, p: 47-50.
  • Bortz, B. M. (1984). The immune response in immunized and naturally infected rainbow trout (Salmo gaidneri) Diplostomum spataceum as detected by Enzyme- Linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 8, 813-822. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-305X(84)90064-8
  • Buller, N.B. (2004). Bacteria from fish and other aquatic animals. In: Buller, N.B. Bacteriological culture techniques:microscopy, culture and identification, (p.83-90). CABI Publishing. ISBN 9780851997384. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997384.0000
  • Çağırgan, H. (2004). Biotyping of L. garvieae Isolated from Turkey. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 21 (3), 267–269.
  • Çağırgan, H. (2008). Development of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Disease. The Journal of Bornova Veterinary Science, 30 (44), 15-22.
  • Çağırgan, H. (2009). The use of veterinary drugs and vaccines in Turkey. Zaragoza: CIHEAM, 2009. p.29 -34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1971.tb07230.x
  • Diler, O., Altun, S., Adiloğlu, A., Kubilay, A., Işıklı, B. (2002). First Occurance of Streptococcosis Affecting Farmed Rainbow Trout in Turkey. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologist, 22 (1), 21-26.
  • Edwards, D.J. (1978). Salmon and Trout Farming in Norway. Farnham, England. Fishing News Books Ltd. ISBN: 10:0852380933
  • Eldar, A., Goria, M., Ghittino, C., Zlotkin, A., Bercovier, H. (1999). Biodiversity of L. garvieae Strains Isolated from Fish in Europe, Asia, and Australia. Applied and Environmantal Microbiology. 65(3), 1005-1008. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.65.3.1005-1008.1999
  • Erkan, S., Gümüş, M., Paylan, İ.C., Sipahioğlu, H.M. (2011). Serological Methods Used to Identify Plant Viruses. Electronic Journal of Microbiology, 9(2), 35-49.
  • Eyngor, M., Zlotkin, A., Ghittino, C., Prearo, M., Douet, D.G., Chilmonczyk, S., Eldar, A. (2004). Clonality and diversity of the fish pathogen L. garvieae in Mediterranean countries. Applied and Environmantal Microbiology, 70, 5132-5137. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.9.5132-5137.2004
  • Ghittino, C., Muzquiz, J.L. (1998). Streptococcosis of rainbow trout in Spain. Fish Farmers Meeting. Zaragoza Reviews Aquatica, 2(2), 1-7.
  • Kav, K., Erganis, O. (2008). Immune System in Fish. Vet. Know. Bull., 24(1), 97-106.
  • Kitao, T. (1982). The Methods for Detection of Streptococcus sp. Causative Bacteria of Streptococcal Disease of Cultured Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata). Fish Pathology, 17, 17–26. https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.17.17
  • Knappskog, D.H., Rodseth, O.M., Slinde, E., Endresen, C. (1993). Immunochemical analyses of Vibrio anguillarum strains isolated from cod, Gadus morhua L., suffering from vibriosis. Journal of Fish Diseases, 16, 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1993.tb00866.x
  • Konemann, E.W. (1992). Color Atlas and Diagnostic Microbiology. ISBN 0-1234455-3, 258-125.
  • Munday, B.L., Jack, D.L., Schmidtke, L. (1993). Pathogenicity of the species Streptococcus causing disease in rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 13(1), 25-27.
  • Pereira, F., Ravelo, C., Toranzo, A.E., Romalde, J.L. (2004). L. garvieae, an emerging pathogen for the Portuguese trout culture. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 24(8), 274–279.
  • Pozo, J.D. (2005). Studies on Monoclonal Antibodies Characterization and Immuno histochemical Detection of L. garvieae. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Scotland.
  • Sauer, M.J., Foulkes, J.A., Morris, B.A. (1985). Principles of Enzyme Immunoassay. 53-72. In: Morris, B.A., Clifford, M.N. (Eds): Immunoassays in Food Analysis. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London.
  • Savvidis, G.K., Anatolıotis, C., Kanaki, Z., Vafeas, G. (2007). Epizootic outbreak of laktokokkozis disease in rainbow trout culture in Greece. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 27(6), 223.
  • Soltani, M., Nikbakht, G.H., Mousavi, H.A.E., Ahmadzadeh, N. (2008). Epizootic outbreaks of laktokokkozis caused by L. garvieae in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Iran. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 28(5), 170-175.
  • Sümbüloğlu, K. (1985). Special Statistical Methods in the Field of Health. TTB Ankara Chamber of Medicine Publication, (4), 283.
  • Us, D. (2006). Serological Diagnosis Methods Application and Evaluation. Hacettepe University publications, 975-491208-4.
  • Ürkü, Ç., Timur, G. (2014). A comparative study of detection methods for Lactococcus garvieae in experimentally infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, W.). The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh.
  • Voller, A., Bartlett, A., Bidwell, D.E. (1978). Enzyme immunoassays with special reference to ELISA techniques. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 31, 507- 520. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.31.6.507

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 135 - 143, 07.05.2020

Şükrü Önalan , Muhammed Arabacı , Haşmet Çağırgan

https://doi.org/10.3153/AR20012

Abstract

Project Number

2014-FBE-D025

References

  • Ağaçfidan, A., Anğ, Ö., Badur, S., Bozkaya, E., Dernetli, Ş., Küçüker, M., Gürler, B., Öner, Y.A., Öngen, B., Töreci, K., Yeğenoğlu, Y. (2002). Medical Microbiology, Istanbul University Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department, Antigen-Antibody Reactions and Indirect Diagnostic Methods, (Ed: Bozkaya, E.) Nobel Medical Bookstore, ISBN: 975-420-230-3.
  • Altınışık, M. (2004). Immunological Techniques. ADÜTF Biyokimya A.D., 2004. http://www.mustafaaltinisik.org.uk/45-uzm-03.pdf (Access date: 19.04.2013).
  • Arda, M., Seçer, S., Sarıeyyüpoglu, M. (2002). Fish Diseases. Medisan Publishing Series, 1st Edition, Ankara. ISBN 975-7774-58-8
  • Austin, B., Austin, D.A. (2007). Bacterial Fish Pathogens Disease of Farmed and Wild Fish, Fourth Edition, Springer Dordrecht Berlin Heidelberg New York, ISBN 978-1-4020-6068-7.
  • Austin, B., Austin, D.A. (1999). Bacterial fish pathogens: Disease in Farmed and Wild Fish. 3rd (Revised) Edition. Praxis Publishing, Chichester, UK. ISBN: 978-1-4020-6069-4
  • Aydın, N. (1992). Identification of Gram positive, catalase negative cocci isolated from clinical samples. Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, (Doctoral dissertation). Health Sciences Institute, 1992.
  • Balta, F., Dengiz Balta, Z. (2019). The isolation of Lactococcus garvieae from eyes of diseased rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with exopthalmia. Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.527258
  • Baraketi, A., D'Auria, S., Shankar, S., Fraschini, C., Salmieri, S., Menissier, J., Lacroix, M. (2020). Novel spider web trap approach based on chitosan/cellulose nanocrystals/glycerol membrane for the detection of Escherichia coli O157: H7 on food surfaces. International journal of biological macromolecules, 146, 1009-1014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.225
  • Barnes, A.C., Ellis, A.E. (2004). Role of Capsule in Serotypic Differences and Complement Fixation by L. garvieae. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 16, 207–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-4648(03)00079-2
  • Beşe, M. (1974). Biochemical Tests and Media Used in Microbiology. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Publications, 298, p: 96-162, Ankara.
  • Beşe, M. (1993). Stains and Dyeing Methods Used in Microbiology. Istanbul University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Publications, p: 47-50.
  • Bortz, B. M. (1984). The immune response in immunized and naturally infected rainbow trout (Salmo gaidneri) Diplostomum spataceum as detected by Enzyme- Linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Developmental & Comparative Immunology, 8, 813-822. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-305X(84)90064-8
  • Buller, N.B. (2004). Bacteria from fish and other aquatic animals. In: Buller, N.B. Bacteriological culture techniques:microscopy, culture and identification, (p.83-90). CABI Publishing. ISBN 9780851997384. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997384.0000
  • Çağırgan, H. (2004). Biotyping of L. garvieae Isolated from Turkey. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 21 (3), 267–269.
  • Çağırgan, H. (2008). Development of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Disease. The Journal of Bornova Veterinary Science, 30 (44), 15-22.
  • Çağırgan, H. (2009). The use of veterinary drugs and vaccines in Turkey. Zaragoza: CIHEAM, 2009. p.29 -34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1971.tb07230.x
  • Diler, O., Altun, S., Adiloğlu, A., Kubilay, A., Işıklı, B. (2002). First Occurance of Streptococcosis Affecting Farmed Rainbow Trout in Turkey. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologist, 22 (1), 21-26.
  • Edwards, D.J. (1978). Salmon and Trout Farming in Norway. Farnham, England. Fishing News Books Ltd. ISBN: 10:0852380933
  • Eldar, A., Goria, M., Ghittino, C., Zlotkin, A., Bercovier, H. (1999). Biodiversity of L. garvieae Strains Isolated from Fish in Europe, Asia, and Australia. Applied and Environmantal Microbiology. 65(3), 1005-1008. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.65.3.1005-1008.1999
  • Erkan, S., Gümüş, M., Paylan, İ.C., Sipahioğlu, H.M. (2011). Serological Methods Used to Identify Plant Viruses. Electronic Journal of Microbiology, 9(2), 35-49.
  • Eyngor, M., Zlotkin, A., Ghittino, C., Prearo, M., Douet, D.G., Chilmonczyk, S., Eldar, A. (2004). Clonality and diversity of the fish pathogen L. garvieae in Mediterranean countries. Applied and Environmantal Microbiology, 70, 5132-5137. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.9.5132-5137.2004
  • Ghittino, C., Muzquiz, J.L. (1998). Streptococcosis of rainbow trout in Spain. Fish Farmers Meeting. Zaragoza Reviews Aquatica, 2(2), 1-7.
  • Kav, K., Erganis, O. (2008). Immune System in Fish. Vet. Know. Bull., 24(1), 97-106.
  • Kitao, T. (1982). The Methods for Detection of Streptococcus sp. Causative Bacteria of Streptococcal Disease of Cultured Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata). Fish Pathology, 17, 17–26. https://doi.org/10.3147/jsfp.17.17
  • Knappskog, D.H., Rodseth, O.M., Slinde, E., Endresen, C. (1993). Immunochemical analyses of Vibrio anguillarum strains isolated from cod, Gadus morhua L., suffering from vibriosis. Journal of Fish Diseases, 16, 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1993.tb00866.x
  • Konemann, E.W. (1992). Color Atlas and Diagnostic Microbiology. ISBN 0-1234455-3, 258-125.
  • Munday, B.L., Jack, D.L., Schmidtke, L. (1993). Pathogenicity of the species Streptococcus causing disease in rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 13(1), 25-27.
  • Pereira, F., Ravelo, C., Toranzo, A.E., Romalde, J.L. (2004). L. garvieae, an emerging pathogen for the Portuguese trout culture. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 24(8), 274–279.
  • Pozo, J.D. (2005). Studies on Monoclonal Antibodies Characterization and Immuno histochemical Detection of L. garvieae. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Scotland.
  • Sauer, M.J., Foulkes, J.A., Morris, B.A. (1985). Principles of Enzyme Immunoassay. 53-72. In: Morris, B.A., Clifford, M.N. (Eds): Immunoassays in Food Analysis. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London.
  • Savvidis, G.K., Anatolıotis, C., Kanaki, Z., Vafeas, G. (2007). Epizootic outbreak of laktokokkozis disease in rainbow trout culture in Greece. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 27(6), 223.
  • Soltani, M., Nikbakht, G.H., Mousavi, H.A.E., Ahmadzadeh, N. (2008). Epizootic outbreaks of laktokokkozis caused by L. garvieae in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Iran. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 28(5), 170-175.
  • Sümbüloğlu, K. (1985). Special Statistical Methods in the Field of Health. TTB Ankara Chamber of Medicine Publication, (4), 283.
  • Us, D. (2006). Serological Diagnosis Methods Application and Evaluation. Hacettepe University publications, 975-491208-4.
  • Ürkü, Ç., Timur, G. (2014). A comparative study of detection methods for Lactococcus garvieae in experimentally infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, W.). The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh.
  • Voller, A., Bartlett, A., Bidwell, D.E. (1978). Enzyme immunoassays with special reference to ELISA techniques. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 31, 507- 520. https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.31.6.507
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Maritime Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şükrü Önalan 0000-0003-0058-5232

Muhammed Arabacı 0000-0002-2462-6441

Haşmet Çağırgan 0000-0003-3038-6154

Project Number 2014-FBE-D025
Publication Date May 7, 2020
Submission Date March 17, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Önalan, Ş., Arabacı, M., & Çağırgan, H. (2020). Determination of serotypic differences of Lactococcus garvieae isolates obtained from rainbow trout farms. Aquatic Research, 3(3), 135-143. https://doi.org/10.3153/AR20012
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