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TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN

Year 2013, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 95 - 115, 31.12.2013

Aytekin Güven Onur Yeni

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103645
Cited By: 2

Abstract

Piyasa yapısının ücretler ve karlar üzerindeki etkileri 1950’li yıllardan itibaren hem iktisatçıların hem de regülasyon otoritelerinin ilgisini çeken önemli konulardan biri olmuştur. Yüksek yoğunlaşmanın (eksik rekabetin) ücretler ve karlar üzerinde olumlu etki yarattığını ileri süren birçok teorik ve uygulamalı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Türkiye için ise yoğunlaşma, ücret ve karlılık ilişkileri Aksoy (1983) tarafından incelenmiş ve yoğunlaşmanın yüksek olduğu endüstrilerde gerek ücretlerin gerekse karların yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışmada daha önce Aksoy (1983)’de ele alınan yoğunlaşma, karlılık ve ücret ilişkileri, Türkiye imalat sanayii alt sektörlerinden derlenen veriler ile ileri panel veri yöntemlerinden yararlanılarak yeniden incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre yoğunlaşma oranı, hem ücretler hem de karlar üzerinde pozitif etkiye sahiptir.

Keywords

Yoğunlaşma ücretler karlılık panel-veri analizi

References

  • Akan, Y. (2002) “Türk İmalat Sanayinde Yoğunlaşma: 1980-96”, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans, 17(198), 91-97.
  • Aksoy, M.A. (1983) “Türkiye Özel İmalat Sanayiinde Yoğunlaşma, Karlılık ve Ücret İlişkileri”, ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, 10(4), 367-386.
  • Allen, B.T. (1968) “Market Concentration and Wage Increases: U. S. Manufacturing, 1947-1964”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 21(3), 353-366.
  • Arellano, M., S. Bond (1991) “Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations”, Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Arellano, M., S. Bond (1995) “Another Look at the Instrumental Variable Estimation of Error-Components Models”, Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29-51.
  • Bain, J.S. (1951) “Relation of Profit Rate to Industry Concentration: American Manufacturing, 1936-1940”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 65(3), 293-324.
  • Baş, M. (2004) “Rekabeti Etkileyen Faktörlerden Pazar Yoğunlaşması ve Türkiye’deki Bazı Sektörlerin Yoğunlaşma Dereceleri”, Ticaret ve Turizm Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2, 109-119.
  • Blanchflower, D. (1986) “Wages and concentration in British manufacturing”, Applied Economics, 18(9), 1025-1038.
  • Blundell, R., S. Bond (1998) “Initial Conditions and Moment Restrictions in Dynamic Panel Data Models”, Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115-143.
  • Clarke R., S. Davies, M. Waterson (1984) “The Profitability-Concentration Relation: Market Power or Efficiency?”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 32(4), 435-450.
  • Dalton, J.A., Jr., E.J. Ford (1977) “Concentration and Labor Earnings in Manufacturing and Utilities”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 31(1), 45-60.
  • Dalton, J.A., Jr., E.J. Ford (1978) “Concentration and Professional Earnings in Manufacturing”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 31(3), 379-384.
  • Demsetz, H. (1973) “Industry Structure, Market Rivalry, and Public Policy”, The Journal of Law and Economics, 16(1), 1-9.
  • Domowitz, I., R.G. Hubbard, B.C. Petersen (1987) “Oligopoly Supergames: Some Empirical Evidence on Prices and Margins”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 35(4), 379-398.
  • Ghosal, V. (2000) “Product Market Competition and Industry Price-Cost Markup Fluctuations: Role of Energy Price and Monetary Changes”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 18, 415-444.
  • Ghosal, V., Loungani, P. (1996) “Product Market Competition and The Impact of Price Uncertainty on Investment: Some Evidence from US Manufacturing Industries”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 44, 217-228.
  • Gisser, M., Sauer, R.D. (2000) “The Aggregate Relation Between Profits and Concentration is Consistent with Cournot Behavior”, Review of Industrial Organization, 16, 229–246.
  • Günalp, B. (1998) “The Concentration-Labor Earnings Hypothesis: New Evidence from the U. S. Manufacturing Industries”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 16(1-2), 103-120.
  • Güneş, M., A.H. Köse, E. Yeldan (1997) “Input-Output Tablosu Sektör Tasnifine Göre Türkiye İmalat Sanayinde Yoğunlaşma Eğilimleri: 1985-1993”, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 8(29), 33-47.
  • Haworth, C.T., D.W. Rasmussen (1971) “Human Capital and Inter-Industry Wages in Manufacturing”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 53(4), 376-380.
  • Haworth, C.T., C.J. Reuther (1978) “Industrial Concentration and Interindustry Wage Determination”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 60(1), 85-95.
  • Jenny, F. (1978) “Wage Rates, Concentration and Unionization in French Manufacturing Industries”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 26(4), 315- 327.
  • Katics, M.M., B.C. Petersen (1994) “The Effect of Rising Import Competition on Market Power: A Panel Data Study of U.S. Manufacturing”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 42(3), 277-286.
  • Kaytaz, M., S. Altın, M. Güneş (1993) “Türkiye İmalat Sanayiinde Yoğunlaşma”, iç. 1993 TMMOB Sanayi Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı (Cilt 1), Ankara: TMMOB-MMO, 49-59.
  • Lee, C.Y., I.P. Mahmood (2009) “Inter-Industry Differences in Profitability: the Legacy of the Structure-Efficiency Debate Revisited”, Industrial and Corporate Change, 18(3), 351-380.
  • Martin, S. (1988) “Market Power and/or Efficiency?”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 70(2), 331-335.
  • Masters, S.H. (1969) “An Interindustry Analysis of Wages and Plant Size”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 51(3), 341-345.
  • Mıhçı, S., Wigley, A.A. (2003) “Avrupa Birliği ile Gümrük Birliği’nin Türk İmalat Sanayii Alt Sektörleri Üzerinde Kârlılık Etkileri”, Gazi Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 5(3), 77-91.
  • Miller, R.A. (1969) “Market Structure and Industrial Performance: Relation of Profit Rates to Concentration, Advertising Intensity and Diversity”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 17(2), 104-118.
  • Nakao, T. (1980) “Wages and Market Power in Japan”, British Journal of Industrial Relations,18(3), 365-368.
  • Nickell, S., J. Vainiomaki, S. Wadhwani (1994) “Wages and Product Market Power”, Economica, 61(244), 457-473.
  • Peltzman, S. (1977) “The Gains and Losses from Industrial Concentration”, Journal of Law and Economics, 20(2), 229-263.
  • Pugel, T.A. (1980) “Profitability, Concentration and the Interindustry Variation in Wages”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 62(2), 248-253.
  • Ravenscraft, D.J. (1983) “Structure-Profit Relationship at the Line of Business and Industry Level”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 65(1), 22-31.
  • Rotemberg, J., G. Saloner (1986) “A Super-Game Theoretic Model of Business Cycles and Price Wars During Booms”, American Economic Review, 76, 390–407.
  • Schmalensee, R. (1985) “Do Markets Differ Much?”, The American Economic Review, 75(3), 341-351.
  • Schmalensee, R. (1987) “Collusion Versus Differential Efficiency: Testing Alternative Hypotheses”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 35(4), 399-425.
  • Schmalensee, R. (1989) Handbook of Industrial Organization, Vol.2, Amsterdam: Elseiver Science Publishers.
  • Simpson, W. (1986) “Unions, industrial concentration and wages: a re-examination”, Applied Economics, 18(3), 305-317.
  • Tekeli, İ., S. İlkin, A. Aksoy, Y. Kepenek (1981) Türkiye’de Sanayi Kesiminde Yoğunlaşma, Ankara: ODTÜ-ESA.
  • Tekeli, İ. (2009) Sanayi Toplumu için Sanayi Yazıları, İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.
  • Thomadakis, S.B. (1977) “A Value-Based Test of Profitability and Market Structure”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 59(2), 179-185.
  • TÜİK 1980-2005 İmalat Sanayi Özet Tabloları, excel (xls) formatında manyetik ortamda, TÜİK Başkanlığı Yayın ve Bilgi Dağıtım Daire Başkanlığı.
  • Weiss, L.W. (1966) “Concentration and Labor Earnings”, The American Economic Review, 56(1-2), 96-117. World Bank Data and http://publications.worldbank.org/wdi/indicators. Statistics, Erişim Tarihi: 09.04.2010
  • Yolaç, S. (2007) Türkiye İmalat Sanayinde Yoğunlaşma Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, Kitap 50.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCENTRATION, PROFITABİLITY, AND WAGES IN TURKEY'S MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES: RECONSIDERED

Year 2013, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 95 - 115, 31.12.2013

Aytekin Güven Onur Yeni

https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103645
Cited By: 2

Abstract

The Relationship between Concentration, Profitability, and Wages in Turkey's Manufacturing Industries: Reconsidered The effects of market structure on the wages and profits have been one of the hot topics in the economics field drawing considerable interest of both economists and regulatory authorities since 1950s. There is a vast-both theoretical and applied-literature suggesting that high concentration levels are positively related with wages and profits. Aksoy (1983) examined concentration-wages and concentration-profitability relationships for Turkey and showed that both wages and profits are higher in high-concentration industries than that of low-concentration industries. Using advanced panel-data methods and Turkey’s manufacturing industry sub-sector data, this study reinvestigates these relationships studied by Aksoy (1983). Our findings suggest that concentration ratio have positive effects on both wages and profits in Turkey’s manufacturing sector

Keywords

Concetration wages pofitability panel-data analysis

References

  • Akan, Y. (2002) “Türk İmalat Sanayinde Yoğunlaşma: 1980-96”, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans, 17(198), 91-97.
  • Aksoy, M.A. (1983) “Türkiye Özel İmalat Sanayiinde Yoğunlaşma, Karlılık ve Ücret İlişkileri”, ODTÜ Gelişme Dergisi, 10(4), 367-386.
  • Allen, B.T. (1968) “Market Concentration and Wage Increases: U. S. Manufacturing, 1947-1964”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 21(3), 353-366.
  • Arellano, M., S. Bond (1991) “Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations”, Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277-297.
  • Arellano, M., S. Bond (1995) “Another Look at the Instrumental Variable Estimation of Error-Components Models”, Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29-51.
  • Bain, J.S. (1951) “Relation of Profit Rate to Industry Concentration: American Manufacturing, 1936-1940”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 65(3), 293-324.
  • Baş, M. (2004) “Rekabeti Etkileyen Faktörlerden Pazar Yoğunlaşması ve Türkiye’deki Bazı Sektörlerin Yoğunlaşma Dereceleri”, Ticaret ve Turizm Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2, 109-119.
  • Blanchflower, D. (1986) “Wages and concentration in British manufacturing”, Applied Economics, 18(9), 1025-1038.
  • Blundell, R., S. Bond (1998) “Initial Conditions and Moment Restrictions in Dynamic Panel Data Models”, Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115-143.
  • Clarke R., S. Davies, M. Waterson (1984) “The Profitability-Concentration Relation: Market Power or Efficiency?”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 32(4), 435-450.
  • Dalton, J.A., Jr., E.J. Ford (1977) “Concentration and Labor Earnings in Manufacturing and Utilities”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 31(1), 45-60.
  • Dalton, J.A., Jr., E.J. Ford (1978) “Concentration and Professional Earnings in Manufacturing”, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 31(3), 379-384.
  • Demsetz, H. (1973) “Industry Structure, Market Rivalry, and Public Policy”, The Journal of Law and Economics, 16(1), 1-9.
  • Domowitz, I., R.G. Hubbard, B.C. Petersen (1987) “Oligopoly Supergames: Some Empirical Evidence on Prices and Margins”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 35(4), 379-398.
  • Ghosal, V. (2000) “Product Market Competition and Industry Price-Cost Markup Fluctuations: Role of Energy Price and Monetary Changes”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, 18, 415-444.
  • Ghosal, V., Loungani, P. (1996) “Product Market Competition and The Impact of Price Uncertainty on Investment: Some Evidence from US Manufacturing Industries”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 44, 217-228.
  • Gisser, M., Sauer, R.D. (2000) “The Aggregate Relation Between Profits and Concentration is Consistent with Cournot Behavior”, Review of Industrial Organization, 16, 229–246.
  • Günalp, B. (1998) “The Concentration-Labor Earnings Hypothesis: New Evidence from the U. S. Manufacturing Industries”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 16(1-2), 103-120.
  • Güneş, M., A.H. Köse, E. Yeldan (1997) “Input-Output Tablosu Sektör Tasnifine Göre Türkiye İmalat Sanayinde Yoğunlaşma Eğilimleri: 1985-1993”, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 8(29), 33-47.
  • Haworth, C.T., D.W. Rasmussen (1971) “Human Capital and Inter-Industry Wages in Manufacturing”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 53(4), 376-380.
  • Haworth, C.T., C.J. Reuther (1978) “Industrial Concentration and Interindustry Wage Determination”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 60(1), 85-95.
  • Jenny, F. (1978) “Wage Rates, Concentration and Unionization in French Manufacturing Industries”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 26(4), 315- 327.
  • Katics, M.M., B.C. Petersen (1994) “The Effect of Rising Import Competition on Market Power: A Panel Data Study of U.S. Manufacturing”, Journal of Industrial Economics, 42(3), 277-286.
  • Kaytaz, M., S. Altın, M. Güneş (1993) “Türkiye İmalat Sanayiinde Yoğunlaşma”, iç. 1993 TMMOB Sanayi Kongresi Bildiriler Kitabı (Cilt 1), Ankara: TMMOB-MMO, 49-59.
  • Lee, C.Y., I.P. Mahmood (2009) “Inter-Industry Differences in Profitability: the Legacy of the Structure-Efficiency Debate Revisited”, Industrial and Corporate Change, 18(3), 351-380.
  • Martin, S. (1988) “Market Power and/or Efficiency?”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 70(2), 331-335.
  • Masters, S.H. (1969) “An Interindustry Analysis of Wages and Plant Size”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 51(3), 341-345.
  • Mıhçı, S., Wigley, A.A. (2003) “Avrupa Birliği ile Gümrük Birliği’nin Türk İmalat Sanayii Alt Sektörleri Üzerinde Kârlılık Etkileri”, Gazi Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, 5(3), 77-91.
  • Miller, R.A. (1969) “Market Structure and Industrial Performance: Relation of Profit Rates to Concentration, Advertising Intensity and Diversity”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 17(2), 104-118.
  • Nakao, T. (1980) “Wages and Market Power in Japan”, British Journal of Industrial Relations,18(3), 365-368.
  • Nickell, S., J. Vainiomaki, S. Wadhwani (1994) “Wages and Product Market Power”, Economica, 61(244), 457-473.
  • Peltzman, S. (1977) “The Gains and Losses from Industrial Concentration”, Journal of Law and Economics, 20(2), 229-263.
  • Pugel, T.A. (1980) “Profitability, Concentration and the Interindustry Variation in Wages”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 62(2), 248-253.
  • Ravenscraft, D.J. (1983) “Structure-Profit Relationship at the Line of Business and Industry Level”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 65(1), 22-31.
  • Rotemberg, J., G. Saloner (1986) “A Super-Game Theoretic Model of Business Cycles and Price Wars During Booms”, American Economic Review, 76, 390–407.
  • Schmalensee, R. (1985) “Do Markets Differ Much?”, The American Economic Review, 75(3), 341-351.
  • Schmalensee, R. (1987) “Collusion Versus Differential Efficiency: Testing Alternative Hypotheses”, The Journal of Industrial Economics, 35(4), 399-425.
  • Schmalensee, R. (1989) Handbook of Industrial Organization, Vol.2, Amsterdam: Elseiver Science Publishers.
  • Simpson, W. (1986) “Unions, industrial concentration and wages: a re-examination”, Applied Economics, 18(3), 305-317.
  • Tekeli, İ., S. İlkin, A. Aksoy, Y. Kepenek (1981) Türkiye’de Sanayi Kesiminde Yoğunlaşma, Ankara: ODTÜ-ESA.
  • Tekeli, İ. (2009) Sanayi Toplumu için Sanayi Yazıları, İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.
  • Thomadakis, S.B. (1977) “A Value-Based Test of Profitability and Market Structure”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 59(2), 179-185.
  • TÜİK 1980-2005 İmalat Sanayi Özet Tabloları, excel (xls) formatında manyetik ortamda, TÜİK Başkanlığı Yayın ve Bilgi Dağıtım Daire Başkanlığı.
  • Weiss, L.W. (1966) “Concentration and Labor Earnings”, The American Economic Review, 56(1-2), 96-117. World Bank Data and http://publications.worldbank.org/wdi/indicators. Statistics, Erişim Tarihi: 09.04.2010
  • Yolaç, S. (2007) Türkiye İmalat Sanayinde Yoğunlaşma Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, Kitap 50.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Aytekin Güven This is me

Onur Yeni

Publication Date December 31, 2013
Submission Date January 21, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 31 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Güven, A., & Yeni, O. (2013). TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(2), 95-115. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103645
AMA Güven A, Yeni O. TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. December 2013;31(2):95-115. doi:10.17065/huniibf.103645
Chicago Güven, Aytekin, and Onur Yeni. “TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 31, no. 2 (December 2013): 95-115. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103645.
EndNote Güven A, Yeni O (December 1, 2013) TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 31 2 95–115.
IEEE A. Güven and O. Yeni, “TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN”, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 95–115, 2013, doi: 10.17065/huniibf.103645.
ISNAD Güven, Aytekin - Yeni, Onur. “TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 31/2 (December 2013), 95-115. https://doi.org/10.17065/huniibf.103645.
JAMA Güven A, Yeni O. TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;31:95–115.
MLA Güven, Aytekin and Onur Yeni. “TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN”. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 2, 2013, pp. 95-115, doi:10.17065/huniibf.103645.
Vancouver Güven A, Yeni O. TÜRKİYE İMALAT SANAYİİNDE YOĞUNLAŞMA, KARLILIK VE ÜCRET İLİŞKİSİ: YENİDEN. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2013;31(2):95-115.

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