Year 2015,
Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 55 - 74, 03.11.2015
Abstract
Uluslararası Denizcilik Örgütü (IMO), uluslararası denizcilik emniyet kurallarını geliştiren bir örgüttür. IMO’nun gemi kaynaklı hava kirliliğini önlemeye yönelik MARPOL ek VI kuralları Mayıs 2005’den itibaren yürürlüğe girmiştir. Bu regülasyonlar gemi eksozundaki sulfur oksit ve azot oksit salımlarının limitlerini belirlemektedir
References
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- WIBERLEIT, F. (2000) Effects of Direct Water Injection on DI Diesel
- Engine Combustion, SAE Technical Paper, No. 2000-01-2938.
- BUCHHOLZ, B., HARNDORF, H., FINK, C. (2010) IMO Tier III
- Strategies & Challenges, Ship & Offshore, No:4.
- CORBETT, J., WINEBRAKE, J., GREEN, E., KASIBHATLA, P.,
- EYRING, V., LAUER, A. (2007) Mortality from Ship Emissions: A
- Global Assessment, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol.41,
- No.24, pp. 8512-8518.
- DALSOREN, S. B., EIDE, M.S., ENDRESEN, O., MJELDE, A.,
- GRAVIR, G., ISAKSEN, I.S.A. (2009). Update on Emissions and
- Environmental Impacts from the International Fleet of Ships, The
- Contribution from Major Ship Types and Ports, Atmospheric Chemistry
- and Physics, Vol.9, No.6, pp.2171-2194
- DNV (2005) Marpol 73/78 Annex VI Regulations for the Prevention of
- Air Pollution from Ships
- http://www.dnv.com/binaries/marpol%20brochure_tcm4-383718.pdf,
- Erişim Tarihi:18.10.2014
- EMSA (2008) Preventing Pollution From Ships, Erişim Tarihi:
- 10.2014
- EPA (2011) Fact Sheet Proposed Revisions to the Secondary National
- Ambient Air Quality Standarts For Oxides of Nitrogen and Sulfur,
- http://www.epa.gov/airquality/nitrogenoxides/pdfs/NOxSOxProposalFact
- Sheetfinal.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2014
- EPA (2010) Proposal to Designate an Emission Control Area for
- Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Oxides and Particulate Matter,
- http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/nonroad/marine/ci/420r10013.pdf, Erişim
- Tarihi: 10.09.2014
- EPA (2009) Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis: Control of Emissions of
- Air Pollution from Category 3 Marine Diesel Engines.
- http://www.epa.gov/nonroad/marine/ci/420d09002.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:
- 09.2014
- EPA (2002) Air Pollution Control Technology Fact Sheet,
- http://www.epa.gov/ttncatc1/dir1/fscr.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 08.09.2014.
- FLAGAN, R. C. ve SEINFELD, J.H. (2012) Fundamentals of Air
- Pollution Engineering, Courier Dover Publications.
- FORD, A. (2000) Modeling the Environment: An Introduction to System
- Dynamics Modeling of Environmental Systems, International Journal of
- Sustainability in Higher Education, Vol.1, No.1.
- HERDZIK, J. (2011) Emissions from Marine Engines versus IMO
- Certification and Requirements of Tier 3, Journal of KONES, Vol.18, pp.
- -167.
- IMO (2008) Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships Revised MARPOL
- Annex VI and NOx Technical Code 2008,http://www.glgroup.
- com/pdf/RevisedMARPOL_AnnexVI.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:
- 09.2014
- IMO (2009) Second IMO GHG Study 2009,
- http://www.imo.org/blast/blastDataHelper.asp?data_id=2779, Erişim
- Tarihi: 12.10.2014
- KRISTENSEN, H. O. (2012) Energy Demand and Exhaust Gas
- Emissions of Marine Engines, Clean Shipping Currents, Vol.1, No.6.
- MAN B&W (2011) Humid Air Motor Technology for Green Profits,
- http://mandieselturbo.com/files/news/filesof15316/HAM_PS_Brochure_
- May2011.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2104
- MAN DIESEL & TURBO (2009) Exhaust Gas Emission Control Today
- and Tomorrow,
- http://www.mandieselturbo.com/files/news/filesof9187/5510-0060-
- ppr_low.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2014
- MIYAMOTO, N., OGAWA, H., WANG, J., and OHASHI, H. (1995)
- Significant NOx Reductions with Direct Water Injection into the Sub-
- Chamber of an IDI Diesel Engine, SAE Technical Paper, 950609.
- MONYEM, A., VAN GERPEN, J. H., CANAKCL, M. (2001) The Effect
- of Timing and Oxidation on Emissions from Biodiesel–fueled
- Engines, Carbon,Vol. 44, No.1, pp.35-42.
- PEJIC-BACH, M., and CERIC, V. (2007) Developing System Dynamics
- Models with Step-by-step Approach, Journal of Information and
- Organizational Sciences, Vol.31. No.1 pp. 171-185.
- PRIOR, A., JAASKELAINEN, H. and WALSH, J. (2005). Nox Emission
- Study: an Investigation of Water-Based Emission Control Technologies.
- No. TP 14497E.p: 20
- STERMAN, J.D. (2001) System Dynamics Modeling, California
- Management Review, Vol.43, No.4,pp. 8-25.
- STERMAN, J.D. (2000) Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and
- Modeling for a Complex World, Vol. 19. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 41-
- -
- THE SYSTEM DYNAMICS SOCIETY (2001) The System Dynamics
- Review, http://www.systemdynamics.org/DL-IntroSysDyn/start.htm,
- Erişim Tarihi: 23.09.2014
- VIANNA, J.N de S., REIS, A. do V., OLIVEIRA, A.B. de S., FRAGA,
- A.G., SOUSA, M.T. (2005). Reduction of Pollutants Emissions on SI
- Engines: Accomplishments with Efficiency Increase, Journal of the
- Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Vol. 27, No.3
- pp.217-222.
- VENTANA Systems, Inc. (2014) Entity-Based System Dynamics,
- http://vensim.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Entity-Based-System-
- Dynamics-v2.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 25.09.2014
- WARTSILA (2012) Technology Review,
- http://www.dieselduck.info/machine/01%20prime%20movers/rhapsody%
- de1/Wartsila%20W46.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2014
Year 2015,
Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 55 - 74, 03.11.2015
Abstract
International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopts international marine safety regulations. The regulations incorporated under Annex VI of IMO's International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) entered into force in May 2005. These regulations define the limits for sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from ship exhausts.
In this context, emission reduction technologies needed for enviroment protection and satisfy to sustainabletransportation. This study aims to show the effects of emission reduction technologies for marine diesel engines. It includes ‘Direct Water Injection’, ‘Humid Air Motor’, ‘Exhaust Gas Recirculation’, ‘Delayed Fuel Injection Time’ and ‘Selected Catalytic Reduction’ The reseach is based on the system dynamics model.
References
- BEDFORD, F., RUTLAND, C., DITTRICH, P., RAAB, A.,
- WIBERLEIT, F. (2000) Effects of Direct Water Injection on DI Diesel
- Engine Combustion, SAE Technical Paper, No. 2000-01-2938.
- BUCHHOLZ, B., HARNDORF, H., FINK, C. (2010) IMO Tier III
- Strategies & Challenges, Ship & Offshore, No:4.
- CORBETT, J., WINEBRAKE, J., GREEN, E., KASIBHATLA, P.,
- EYRING, V., LAUER, A. (2007) Mortality from Ship Emissions: A
- Global Assessment, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol.41,
- No.24, pp. 8512-8518.
- DALSOREN, S. B., EIDE, M.S., ENDRESEN, O., MJELDE, A.,
- GRAVIR, G., ISAKSEN, I.S.A. (2009). Update on Emissions and
- Environmental Impacts from the International Fleet of Ships, The
- Contribution from Major Ship Types and Ports, Atmospheric Chemistry
- and Physics, Vol.9, No.6, pp.2171-2194
- DNV (2005) Marpol 73/78 Annex VI Regulations for the Prevention of
- Air Pollution from Ships
- http://www.dnv.com/binaries/marpol%20brochure_tcm4-383718.pdf,
- Erişim Tarihi:18.10.2014
- EMSA (2008) Preventing Pollution From Ships, Erişim Tarihi:
- 10.2014
- EPA (2011) Fact Sheet Proposed Revisions to the Secondary National
- Ambient Air Quality Standarts For Oxides of Nitrogen and Sulfur,
- http://www.epa.gov/airquality/nitrogenoxides/pdfs/NOxSOxProposalFact
- Sheetfinal.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 20.10.2014
- EPA (2010) Proposal to Designate an Emission Control Area for
- Nitrogen Oxides, Sulfur Oxides and Particulate Matter,
- http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/nonroad/marine/ci/420r10013.pdf, Erişim
- Tarihi: 10.09.2014
- EPA (2009) Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis: Control of Emissions of
- Air Pollution from Category 3 Marine Diesel Engines.
- http://www.epa.gov/nonroad/marine/ci/420d09002.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:
- 09.2014
- EPA (2002) Air Pollution Control Technology Fact Sheet,
- http://www.epa.gov/ttncatc1/dir1/fscr.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 08.09.2014.
- FLAGAN, R. C. ve SEINFELD, J.H. (2012) Fundamentals of Air
- Pollution Engineering, Courier Dover Publications.
- FORD, A. (2000) Modeling the Environment: An Introduction to System
- Dynamics Modeling of Environmental Systems, International Journal of
- Sustainability in Higher Education, Vol.1, No.1.
- HERDZIK, J. (2011) Emissions from Marine Engines versus IMO
- Certification and Requirements of Tier 3, Journal of KONES, Vol.18, pp.
- -167.
- IMO (2008) Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships Revised MARPOL
- Annex VI and NOx Technical Code 2008,http://www.glgroup.
- com/pdf/RevisedMARPOL_AnnexVI.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:
- 09.2014
- IMO (2009) Second IMO GHG Study 2009,
- http://www.imo.org/blast/blastDataHelper.asp?data_id=2779, Erişim
- Tarihi: 12.10.2014
- KRISTENSEN, H. O. (2012) Energy Demand and Exhaust Gas
- Emissions of Marine Engines, Clean Shipping Currents, Vol.1, No.6.
- MAN B&W (2011) Humid Air Motor Technology for Green Profits,
- http://mandieselturbo.com/files/news/filesof15316/HAM_PS_Brochure_
- May2011.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2104
- MAN DIESEL & TURBO (2009) Exhaust Gas Emission Control Today
- and Tomorrow,
- http://www.mandieselturbo.com/files/news/filesof9187/5510-0060-
- ppr_low.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2014
- MIYAMOTO, N., OGAWA, H., WANG, J., and OHASHI, H. (1995)
- Significant NOx Reductions with Direct Water Injection into the Sub-
- Chamber of an IDI Diesel Engine, SAE Technical Paper, 950609.
- MONYEM, A., VAN GERPEN, J. H., CANAKCL, M. (2001) The Effect
- of Timing and Oxidation on Emissions from Biodiesel–fueled
- Engines, Carbon,Vol. 44, No.1, pp.35-42.
- PEJIC-BACH, M., and CERIC, V. (2007) Developing System Dynamics
- Models with Step-by-step Approach, Journal of Information and
- Organizational Sciences, Vol.31. No.1 pp. 171-185.
- PRIOR, A., JAASKELAINEN, H. and WALSH, J. (2005). Nox Emission
- Study: an Investigation of Water-Based Emission Control Technologies.
- No. TP 14497E.p: 20
- STERMAN, J.D. (2001) System Dynamics Modeling, California
- Management Review, Vol.43, No.4,pp. 8-25.
- STERMAN, J.D. (2000) Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking and
- Modeling for a Complex World, Vol. 19. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 41-
- -
- THE SYSTEM DYNAMICS SOCIETY (2001) The System Dynamics
- Review, http://www.systemdynamics.org/DL-IntroSysDyn/start.htm,
- Erişim Tarihi: 23.09.2014
- VIANNA, J.N de S., REIS, A. do V., OLIVEIRA, A.B. de S., FRAGA,
- A.G., SOUSA, M.T. (2005). Reduction of Pollutants Emissions on SI
- Engines: Accomplishments with Efficiency Increase, Journal of the
- Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Vol. 27, No.3
- pp.217-222.
- VENTANA Systems, Inc. (2014) Entity-Based System Dynamics,
- http://vensim.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Entity-Based-System-
- Dynamics-v2.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 25.09.2014
- WARTSILA (2012) Technology Review,
- http://www.dieselduck.info/machine/01%20prime%20movers/rhapsody%
- de1/Wartsila%20W46.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2014
There are 89 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | November 3, 2015 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 7 Issue: 1 |
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