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DOĞA TEMELLİ ÇÖZÜMLER VE KENTSEL DİRENÇLİLİK

Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 19 - 40, 12.08.2022

Abstract

Yeryüzü benzeri görülmemiş bir iklim ve biyolojik çeşitlilik kriziyle karşı karşıyadır. İklim değişikliği ve çevresel bozulmanın etkileri kentlerde şiddetli bir şekilde hissedilmektedir. Sıcak hava dalgaları, kuraklık, yangın, kıyı taşkını, şehir selleri, değişen iklim koşulları ve doğal afetlere karşı savunmasız olan kentsel sistemlerin varlığını önemli ölçüde tehdit etmekte, kentlerde ekolojik, ekonomik ve toplumsal sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Bu sorunların giderek artacağı göz önüne alındığında farklı nedenlerle ortaya çıkabilecek şok ve stresleri kolaylıkla atlatabilecek, güvenli, kapsayıcı, dirençli ve sürdürülebilir kentlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. 

Bu çalışmada kentsel dirençlilik ve doğa temelli çözümlerin ilişkisininin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Doğa temelli çözümlerin ekolojik, toplumsal ve ekonomik sistemlere sağladığı faydalar ile iklim tehlikeleri karşısında kentsel sistemlerin dirençliliğini artırma, sürdürülebilir şehirler ve yerleşimler oluşturmaya katkıları üzerinde durulmuştur. Havza, kent ve mikrohavza ölçeğindeki doğa temelli çözümlerin kentsel dirençliliğe katkıları değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm kentsel sistemlerin, doğal sermayeyi oluşturan doğal kaynaklara bağlı olduğu, sağlıklı ve iyi işleyen ekosistemlerin, kentlerde aşırı hava olayları ve afetlere karşı dirençliliği artırdığı vurgulanmıştır. Çalışmada ekosistem hizmetlerinin hayati öneminin farkına vararak doğayı bir çözüm olarak kullanma anlayışının benimsenerek kentlerde doğaya yatırım yapılmasının kentsel sistemleri ve toplumları güçlendireceği, yaşanabilir ve eşitlikçi kentler oluşturulabileceği ve bu çözümlerin sınırlı zaman diliminde gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilemeyeceğinin kentlerin kaderini belirleyeceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. 

References

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  • Naumann, S., Kaphengst, T., Keighley McFarland, K., Stadler, J. (2014). The Challenge of Climate Change - Partnering with Nature: Nature-Based Approaches for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation, German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Konstantinstr. 110, 53179 Bonn, Germany, 22p.
Year 2022, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 19 - 40, 12.08.2022

Abstract

References

  • Asian Development Bank, 2014. Urban Climate Change Resilience A Synopsis, https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/149164/urban-climate-change-resilience-synopsis.pdf
  • Boland, B., Charchenko, E., Knupfer, S., Sahdev, S., Farhad, N., Garg, S., Huxley, G. 2021. Focused adaptation: A strategic approach to climate adaptation in cities, C40 Cities McKinsey Sustainability. Focused adaptation: A strategic approach to climate adaptation in cities (mckinsey.com)
  • Bush, J., Doyon, A. 2019. Building urban resilience with nature-based solutions: How can urban planning contribute?, Cities, 95, 2019, 102483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.102483.
  • Cohen-Shacham, E., Walters, G., Janzen, C. and Maginnis, S. (eds.) 2016. Nature-based Solutions to address global societal challenges. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. 97pp. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1812-5.
  • Coskun Hepcan, C. 2021. Iklim Değişikliğine Uyum Konusunun Kapsamı, Tipleri ve Yöntemleri, İklim Değişikliğine Uyum Konusunda Kurumsal Kapasitenin Geliştirilmesi Eğitimi Projesi (IklimiDUY) Modul 2, 603-646.
  • Coskun Hepcan, C. 2022. Kentlerde İklim Değişikliğine Uyum, Gri Çözümler & Doğa ve Ekosistem Temelli Çözümler & Politika, Yasal ve İdari Çözümler, Efe Yayincilik, 70s. ISBN 978-625-8181-62-9.
  • Dacubo, C.Y. 2011. Ecosystems and Human Health A Critical Approach to Ecohealth Research and Practice, Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0206-1. EEA, 2015. Exploring Nature-based Solutions The Role of Green Infrastructure in Mitigating the Impacts of Weather- and Climate Change-related Natural Hazards, EEA Technical report No 12/2015. ISBN 978-92-9213-693-2.
  • European Commission, 2016. Policy Topics: Nature-Based Solutions. https://ec.europa.eu/research/environment/index.cfm?Pg=nbs. (Accessed 18 April 2020). European Commission, 2019. The European Green Deal, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:b828d165-1c22-11ea-8c1f-01aa75ed71a1.0002.02/DOC_1&format=PDF (Accessed 12 August 2020).
  • European Commission, 2021. Forging a climate-resilient Europe - the new EU Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52021DC0082&from=EN (Accessed 17 May 2022).
  • European Commission, 2022. The Vital Role of Nature-Based Solutions In A Nature Positive Economy, ISBN 978-92-76-40679-2. doi:10.2777/307761. Feyen L.,Ciscar M., Carlos, J., Simon, G., Ruiz Dolores, I., Ramirez Antonio, S., Alessandro, D., Gustavo, N., Simone, S., Giuseppe, F., Giovanni, F. Gi, 2020. Climate change impacts and adaptation in Europe. JRC PESETA IV final report, JRC Research Reports JRC119178, Joint Research Centre (Seville site).
  • Figueiredo, L., Honiden, T., Schumann A. 2018. Indicators for Resilient Cities, OECD Regional Development Working Papers, No. 2018/02, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/6f1f6065-en
  • Hallegatte, S., Vogt-Schilb, A., Bangalore, M., Rozenberg, J. 2017. Unbreakable : Building the Resilience of the Poor in the Face of Natural Disasters. Climate Change and Development;. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/25335 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO. ICLEI, 2019. Resilient cities, thriving cities: The evolution of urban resilience. Bonn, Germany
  • IPCC. 2014. Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report, Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III To The Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva: IPCC
  • IPCC. 2021. Assessment report 6-WGI report. IPCC.
  • IUCN, 2020, IUCN Global standard for nature-based solutions: A user-friendly framework for the verification, design and scaling up of NBS, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland. Leichenko, R. 2011. Climate Change and Urban Resilience, Current Opnion in Environmental Sustainability, 3 (2011), 164-168.
  • Naumann, S., Kaphengst, T., Keighley McFarland, K., Stadler, J. (2014). The Challenge of Climate Change - Partnering with Nature: Nature-Based Approaches for Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation, German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Konstantinstr. 110, 53179 Bonn, Germany, 22p.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Environment and Culture
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Çiğdem Coşkun Hepcan

Publication Date August 12, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Coşkun Hepcan, Ç. (2022). DOĞA TEMELLİ ÇÖZÜMLER VE KENTSEL DİRENÇLİLİK. Çevre Şehir Ve İklim Dergisi, 1(2), 19-40.