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İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 33 - 49, 02.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1114042

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, literatürde bâkir kalan, yönetim tarihi ve yönetim felsefesinde etkili olan ideolojik yaklaşımları eleştirel bakış açısıyla ortaya çıkarmaktır. İdeolojiler toplum düzenini korumaya hizmet eden düşünce sistemleri ve toplumdaki baskın ya da yönetici grubun çıkarlarının kabaca ifade etme şeklidir. Bununla birlikte ideolojiler, kendi zamanının siyasi ve iktisadi eğilimlerine uygun olması dolayısıyla onları desteklemek ve meşrulaştırmak mecburiyetindedir. Bunu başarabilmesi de mevzuubahis olan eğilimlerle örtüşen telkinleri, ahlaki ilkeleri ve kıymet hükümlerini inşa etmek; insanları bu ilke ve kıymet hükümlerine uygun davranmaya yönlendirmekle olasıdır. Bu doğrultuda, yönetim düşüncesinin bilimsel nitelik kazanmasında önemli katkısı olan bilimsel yönetim yaklaşımının farklı bir perspektiften ele alınarak, yönetim tarihi çalışmalarına katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Bilimsel yönetim, içinde bulunduğu çevre koşullarından ve belli durumsallıklardan etkilenip şekillenmiştir. Literatür iz sürme metodu ile taranarak, bilimsel yönetiminin içinde doğduğu toplumsal, ekonomik ve düşünsel zemin göz önünde bulundurularak Taylorizm-Darwinizm-Sosyal Darwinizm ilişkisi ve bu ilişkide rol alan yönetim teorisyenlerin etkileşmeleri eleştirel bir perspektiften ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme sonucunda; verimliliği geliştirmek ve üretimi artırmak üzerine inşa edilen bilimsel yönetim düşüncesi göz önüne alındığında; Sosyal Darwinizmin determinist ve mutlak kuralcı yaklaşımının bilimsel yönetimin çerçevesini oluşturmak için uygun zemin hazırladığı ve bilimsel yönetimin gelişiminde etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

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References

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Ideology and Management Studies: The Impact of Social Darwinism on the Development of Scientific Management Thought

Year 2023, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 33 - 49, 02.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1114042

Abstract

The study aims to reveal the ideological appoaches that are effective in the history of management and management philosophy, which remain untouched in the literature, from a critical point of view. Ideologies are the crude expression of thought systems that serve to protect the social order and the interests of the dominant or ruling group in the society. However, ideologies should follow their time’s political and economic tendencies; therefore, they must support and legitimize them. It is possible to achieve this by building the inculcations, moral principles and values that coincide with tendencies mentioned above and directing people to act following these principles and values. The paper aims to contribute to the history of management studies by considering the scientific management approach, a milestone in the management thought, from a different perspective. Scientific management has been influenced and shaped by environmental conditions and certain contingencies. The literature was scanned with the tracking method, and the social, economic and intellectual ground in which scientific management was born was taken into account; the relationship between Taylorism-Darwinism-Social Darwinism and the interactions of management theorists involved in this relationship are discussed from a critical perspective. As a result of this study; under the idea of scientific management based on improving efficiency and increasing production, it has been seen that the determinist and absolute prescriptive approach of Social Darwinism leads the groundwork for establishment of the scientific management framework and it is effective in the development of scientific management.

Project Number

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References

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  • Audi, R. (1999). The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • Awbrey, S. M. (2006). Book Review: Capitalism, Social Privilege and Managerial Ideologies. Management Learning. 37(1), 131-134.
  • Badertscher, K. (2020). Social Darwinism. 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War, ed. by Ute Daniel, Peter Gatrell, Oliver Janz, Heather Jones, Jennifer Keene, Alan Kramer, and Bill Nasson, issued by Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 2020-11-17.
  • Baradat, L. P., & Phillips, J. A. (2016). Political ideologies: Their origins and impact. Routledge.
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  • Barley, S. R., Kunda, G. (1992). Design and Devotion: Surges of Rational and Normative Ideologies of Control in Managerial Discourse. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37(3), 363-399.
  • Belmehdi (2019). Social Darwinism and the System of Examinations from Elementary to Secondary Education in England (1859-1944). University of Mustapha Stambouli – Mascara, Faculty of Letters and LanguagesDepartment of English Language and Literature, Master Degree Thesis.
  • Bengücan, F. (2021). Ömer Seyfettin’de Milliyetçilik ve Sosyal Darwinizm. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 7(87), 3770-3775.
  • Bitterman, H. J. (1940). Adam Smith's Empiricism And The Law Of Nature I, 48 J. Pol. Econ, 487.
  • Blanshard, B. (2022). Rationalism. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/rationalism
  • Bluhm, W. T. (2014). İdeoloji ve Politik Kültür. İdeoloji Üzerine Eleştirel İdeoloji Analizleri. Derleyen ve Çeviren: Can Şahan. Pales Yayınları.
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  • Braverman, H. (2008) Emek ve Tekelci Sermaye: Yirminci Yüzyılda Çalışmanın Değersizleşmesi, çev. Ç. Çidamlı, İstanbul: Kalkedon.
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  • Bowden, B., Muldoon, J., Gould, A. M. McMurray, A. J. (2020). The Palgrave Handbook of Management History. Springer Nature Switzerland.
  • Bünyadzade, G. (2009). Doğu'da Batı'da İrrasyonel Düşüncenin Boyutları. Ötüken Neşriyat.
  • Cayet, T. (2007). A Scientific Management of Work? A micro-international perspective on the internationalization of management ideas. EBHA Conference. Geneva, 13-15 September.
  • Chiapello E, Fairclough N. (2002). Understanding the new management ideology: a transdisciplinary contribution from critical discourse analysis and new sociology of capitalism. Discourse & Society, 13(2), 185-208.
  • Crowley, G. R., & Sobel, R. S. (2010). Adam Smith: Managerial Insights From The Father of Economics. Journal of Management History. 16(4): 504-508.
  • Darwin, C. (1871). The Descent of Man And Selection In Relation To Sex. New York, NY: The Modern Library.
  • Dartch (2017). Darwinism and the Theory of Rational Choice Report. European Commission Cordis Research Result. url: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/295449/reporting
  • De Gaulejac, V. (2013). İşletme Hastalığına Tutulmuş Toplum, çev. Ö. Erbek. İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
  • de LaPouge, Georges Vacher, and Carlos C. Closson. (1897). The Fundamental Laws of Anthropo-sociology. Journal of Political Economy, 6(1), 54–92.
  • Dike, Samuel. (1912). Shall Churches Increase Their Efficiency by Scientific Methods? American Journal of Theology, 16(1), 20–30.
  • Dikötter F. (1998), Race Culture: Recent Perspectives on the History of Eugenics, The American Historical Review, 103(2), 467-478.
  • Durant, W. (2022). The Story of Philosophy: Courier Dover Publications.
  • Feyerabend, P. K. (2020). Philosophy and the Physicists (1955). In Feyerabend’s Formative Years. Volume 1. Feyerabend and Popper. Springer, Cham.
  • Fisher, Irving. (1907). Why Has the Doctrine of Laissez Faire Been Abandoned? Science, 25(627), 18–27.
  • Fisher, Irving. (1909). Report on National Vitality: Its Wastes and Conservation. Bulletin 30 of the Committee of One Hundred on National Health. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
  • Flew, A. (1987). Social Science: Making Visible The Invisible Hands. Journal of Libertarian Studies, 8(2), 197-211.
  • Galton, Francis. (1904). Eugenics: Its Definition, Scope, and Aims. American Journal of Sociology, 10(1), 1–25.
  • Gantman, E. R. (2020). Capitalism, Social Privilege and Managerial Ideologies, Routledge Revivals, Taylor & Francis Limited.
  • Gerring, J. (1997). Ideology: a Definitional Analysis. Political Research Quarterly, 50, 957-994.
  • Ghiselin, M. (1973). Darwin And Evolutionary Psychology: Darwin Initiated A Radically New Way of Studying Behavior. Science Science (New York, N.Y.), 179(4077), 964-968.
  • Ghiselin, M. (1976). The Economy of Nature and The Evolution of Sex. Journal of The History of Biology, 9(2).
  • Gould, S. (1981). Review Of The Origin By I. Stone. Science, 188, 270-271.
  • Gould, S. (1993). Evolution of Organisms: Oxford University Press.
  • Gould, S. (2001). The Book of Life. New York: Norton.
  • Goddard, H. H. (1920). Human efficiency and levels of intelligence. Princeton University Press.
  • Gorz, A. (2007). İktisadi Aklın Eleştirisi, çev. İ Ergüden. İstanbul: Ayrıntı.
  • Gray, K. (1993). Why We Will Lose: Taylorism in America's High Schools. The Phi Delta Kappan, 74(5), 370-374.
  • Grönroos, C. (1994). From Scientific Management To Service Management: A Management Perspective For The Age of Service Competition. International Journal of Service Industry Management.
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There are 108 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Business Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Emine Şener 0000-0002-8903-1684

Özlem Bulut 0000-0002-9041-4631

Project Number Yok
Early Pub Date December 26, 2022
Publication Date May 2, 2023
Submission Date May 17, 2022
Acceptance Date December 9, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 23 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Şener, E., & Bulut, Ö. (2023). İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 23(1), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1114042
AMA Şener E, Bulut Ö. İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi. May 2023;23(1):33-49. doi:10.25294/auiibfd.1114042
Chicago Şener, Emine, and Özlem Bulut. “İdeoloji Ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi”. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi 23, no. 1 (May 2023): 33-49. https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1114042.
EndNote Şener E, Bulut Ö (May 1, 2023) İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi 23 1 33–49.
IEEE E. Şener and Ö. Bulut, “İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi”, Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 33–49, 2023, doi: 10.25294/auiibfd.1114042.
ISNAD Şener, Emine - Bulut, Özlem. “İdeoloji Ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi”. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi 23/1 (May 2023), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.25294/auiibfd.1114042.
JAMA Şener E, Bulut Ö. İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi. 2023;23:33–49.
MLA Şener, Emine and Özlem Bulut. “İdeoloji Ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi”. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, vol. 23, no. 1, 2023, pp. 33-49, doi:10.25294/auiibfd.1114042.
Vancouver Şener E, Bulut Ö. İdeoloji ve Yönetim Çalışmaları: Bilimsel Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişim Sürecine Sosyal Darwinizmin Etkisi. Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi. 2023;23(1):33-49.
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