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Serological Investigation of Maedi-Visna in Sheep with Chronic Respiratory Disease in Erbil, Iraq

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 227 - 234, 20.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.295120

Abstract

Maedi-Visna is a chronic and progressive viral
disease most commonly seen in adult sheep. Disease is characterized by
progressive interstitial pneumonia and/or neurological manifestations. The aim
of this study is to serologically reveal the presence of Maedi-Visna in adult
sheep in Erbil province in Iraq, which is an important area of sheep farming and
also to investigate the prevalence of Maedi-Visna disease in sheep with chronic
respiratory problems. Blood samples were obtained from 100 male and female
Awassi sheep between 2 and 8 years old which were suffering from chronic
pneumonia
. The samples were obtained from the different
locations in the city of Erbil and its provinces (Hawler, Dashti Hawler, Maxmur
and Xebat)
between January and April 2016. Blood samples were analysed
for Maedi-Visna by using ELISA method in laboratory. According to the analysis,
of 100 samples; positive, suspected and negative results were determined as
65%, 3% and 32%, respectively. Seropositivity increased with regard to age and
it was determined higher in ewes. Highest seropositivity was determined in
Hawler. Clinical findings such as emaciation, coughing, dyspnea, mastitis and
paralysis were detected considerably high in the animals. As a result,
Maedi-Visna was observed in animals with chronic respiratory system disease
with high rate in Iraq-Erbil region. As this is the first study performed in
the region related with Maedi-Visna, we believe that this study will provide a
basis for the further studies in the region.

References

  • 1. Lamontagne L., Roy R., Girard A., Samagh BS., 1983. Seroepidemiological survey of Maedi-Visna virus infection in sheep and goat flocks in Quebec. Can J Comp Med, 47, 3, 309-315.
  • 2. Radostits OM., Gay CC., Hinchcliff KW., Constable PD., 2006. Diseases associated with viruses and chlamydia–II. Part 2, Special Medicine. Chapter 22. pp: 1307-1437, In “Veterinary Medicine”, Ed., OM Radostits, CC Gay, KW Hinchcliff, PD Constable, 10th ed., Elsevier Saunders, New York, USA.
  • 3. Akkan HA., Karaca M., Tutuncu M., Keles I., Ilhan F., Cetin Y., Ozkan C., Bakir B., Tasal I., 2009. Investigation of the seroprevalence of Maedi-Visna in the region of Van using ELISA and histopathological findings. J Anim Vet Adv, 8, 8, 1495-1498.
  • 4. Sargan DR., Bennet ID., Cousens C., Roy DJ., Blacklaws BA., Dalziel RG., Watt NJ., Mcconnell I., 1991. Nucleotide sequence of EV1, a British isolate of Maedi-Visna Virus. J Gen Virol, 72, 8, 1893-1903.
  • 5. Christodoulopoulos G., 2006. Maedi–Visna: Clinical review and short reference on the disease status in Mediterranean countries. Small Rum Res, 62, 1-2, 47-53.
  • 6. Herrmann-Hoesing LM., Noh SM., Snekvik KR., White SN., Schneider DA., Truscott T., Knowles DP., 2010. Ovine progressive pneumonia virus capsid antigen as found in CD163- and CD172a-positive alveolar macrophages of persistently infected sheep. Vet Pathol, 47, 3, 518-528.
  • 7. Anson MA., Eness PG., 1985 "Ovine Progressive Pneumonia: A Brief Overview," Iowa State University Veterinarian: Vol. 47: Iss. 2, Article 10. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/iowastate_veterinarian/vol47/iss2/10
  • 8. Straub OC., 2004. Maedi–Visna virus infection in sheep, history and present knowledge. Comp Immunol Microb, 27, 1-5.
  • 9. Asadpour R., Paktinat S., Ghassemi F., Jafari R., 2014. Study on correlation of Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) with ovine subclinical mastitis in Iran. Indian J Microbiol, 54, 2, 218-222.
  • 10. Gurcay M., Parmaksiz A., 2013. An investigation of Visna-Maedi virus infection in Şanlıurfa Province, Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. AVKAE Derg, 3, 1, 46-50.
  • 11. DeMartini JC., de la Concha-Bermejillo A., Carlson JO., Bowen RA., 2000. Diseases caused by. Maedi-visna and other ovine lentiviruses. Chapter 14. In “Breeding for Disease Resistance in Farm Animals” Ed., RFE Axford, SC Bishop, FW Nicholas, JB Owen, 2nd ed., CAB International, Wallingford.
  • 12. Honger D., Leitold B., Schuller W., 1990. Serological studies of antibodies against maedi-visna virus in sheep in Austria. Berl Munch Tierärztl, 103, 2, 39-41.
  • 13. Kita J., Cutlip RC., Kempski W., Sachs J., 1990. Survey for antibodies against Maedi-Visna in sheep in Polands. Pol Arch Weter, 30, 1, 2, 5-11.
  • 14. Simard C., Morley RS., 1991. Seroprevalence of Maedi-Visna in Canadian sheep. Can J Vet Res, 55, 269-273.
  • 15. Cutlip RC., Lehmkuhl HD., Sacks JM., Weaver AL., 1992. Seroprevalence of ovine progressive pneumonia virus in sheep in the United States as assessed by analyses of voluntarily submitted samples. Am J Vet Res, 53, 6, 976-979.
  • 16. Bouljihad M., Leipold HW., 1994. Ovine lentiviral infection (Maedi-Visna) in Morocco: A serologic and postmortem survey. J Vet Med A, 41, 317-328.
  • 17. Sihvonen L., Hirvela-Koski V., Nuotio L., Kokkonen U., 1999. Serological survey and epidemiological investigation of maedi-visna in sheep in Finland. Vet Microbiol, 65, 4, 265-270.
  • 18. Schaller P., Vogt HR., Strasser M., Nettleton PF., Peterhans E., Zanoni R., 2000. Seroprevalance of maedi-visna virus and border disease in Switzerland. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 142, 4, 145-153.
  • 19. Seyoum Z., Bitew M., Teferi M., Gelaye E., 2011. Evaluation of control program of Maedi-Visna by foster feeding with cow colostrum and other measures. Global Vet, 6, 1, 91-96.
  • 20. Giangaspero M., Tabbaa D., Nishikawa H., Vanopdenbosh E., 1993. Epidemiological survey of the Maedi Visna (MV) virus in Syrian Awassi sheep. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop, 46, 3, 431-434.
  • 21. Norouzi B., Razavizadeh AT., Azizzadeh M., Mayameei A., Mashhadi VNN., 2015. Serological study small ruminant lentiviruses in sheep populationof Horasan-e-Razavi province in Iran. Vet Res Forum, 6, 3, 245-249.
  • 22. Azkur AK., Gazyagci S., Aslan ME., 2011. Serological and epidemiological investigation of Bluetongue, Maedi-Visna and Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Viruses in small ruminant in Kirikkale district in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 17, 5, 803-808.
  • 23. Garedew L., Ayelet G., Yilma R., Zeleke A., Gelye E., 2010. Isolation of diverse bacterial species associated with maedi-visna infection of sheep in Ethiopia. Afr J Microbiol Res, 4, 1, 14-21.
  • 24. Muz D., Oguzoglu TC., Rosati S., Reina R., Bertolotti L., Burgu I., 2012. First molecular characterization of visna/maedi viruses from naturally infected sheep in Turkey. Arch Virol, 158, 3, 559-570.
  • 25. Pepin M., Vitu C., Russo P., Mornex JF., Peterhans E., 1998. Maedi-Visna virus infection in sheep: a review. Vet Res, 29, 3-4, 341-367.
  • 26. Fournier D., Campbell JR., Middleton DM., 2006. Prevalence of maedi-visna infection in culled ewes in Alberta. Can Vet J, 47, 460-466.
  • 27. Benavides J., Garcia-Pariente C., Ferreras MC., Fuertes M., Garcia-Marin JF., Perez V., 2007. Diagnosis of clinical cases of the nervous form of Maedi-Visna in 4- and 6-month-old lambs. Vet J, 174, 655-658.
  • 28. Sigurdsson B., Palsson PA., Van Bogaert L., 1962. Pathology of visna. Transmissible demyelinating disease of sheep in Iceland. Acta Neuropathol, 1, 343-362.
  • 29. Pritchard GC., Done SH., Dawson M., 1995. Multiple cases of maedi and visna in a flock in the East Anglia. Vet Rec, 137, 17, 443-443.
  • 30. Akkoc A., Kocaturk M., Alasonyalilar Demirer A., Senturk S., Renzoni G., Preziuso S., 2011. Maedi-Visna virus infection in a Merino lamb with nervous signs. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 35, 6, 467-470.

Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 227 - 234, 20.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.295120

Abstract

Maedi-Visna
erişkin koyunlarda yaygın bir şekilde görülen, kronik ve progresif bir viral
hastalıktır. Hastalık progresif interstisyel pnömoni ve/veya sinirsel semptomlarla
karakterizedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Irak-Erbil bölgesinde kronik solunum
sistemi problemi olan erişkin koyunlarda Maedi-Visna hastalığının ELISA
yöntemiyle prevalansının ortaya konulmasıdır. Kronik pnömonili, 2-8 yaş arası,
dişi ve erkek 100 İvesi ırkı koyundan kan örnekleri toplandı. Örnekler Erbil
ilinin değişik bölgelerinden (Hawler, Dashti Hawler, Maxmur ve Xebat), Ocak ve
Nisan 2016 ayları arasında toplandı. Kan örnekleri laboratuvarda ELISA
yöntemine göre Maedi-Visna hastalığı yönünden analiz edildi. Yapılan analizler
sonucu, 100 örnekten 65’i pozitif, 3’ü şüpheli ve 32’si negatif olarak tespit
edildi. Hastalığın seropozitifliğinin yaşla birlikte artış gösterdiği ve
dişilerde daha yüksek oranda olduğu gözlendi. Bölgelere göre en yüksek
seropozitiflik ise Hawler’de belirlendi. Klinik bulgu olarak, hayvanlarda aşırı
kilo kaybı, öksürük, dispne, mastitis ve paralizis yüksek oranda belirlendi.
Sonuç olarak, Irak-Erbil bölgesinde kronik solunum sistemi hastalıklı
hayvanlarda Maedi-Visna yüksek oranda tespit edildi. Bu çalışmanın bölgede
Maedi-Visna hastalığı ile ilgili yapılan ilk çalışma olduğu ve gelecekte
yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutacağı kanısına varıldı.

References

  • 1. Lamontagne L., Roy R., Girard A., Samagh BS., 1983. Seroepidemiological survey of Maedi-Visna virus infection in sheep and goat flocks in Quebec. Can J Comp Med, 47, 3, 309-315.
  • 2. Radostits OM., Gay CC., Hinchcliff KW., Constable PD., 2006. Diseases associated with viruses and chlamydia–II. Part 2, Special Medicine. Chapter 22. pp: 1307-1437, In “Veterinary Medicine”, Ed., OM Radostits, CC Gay, KW Hinchcliff, PD Constable, 10th ed., Elsevier Saunders, New York, USA.
  • 3. Akkan HA., Karaca M., Tutuncu M., Keles I., Ilhan F., Cetin Y., Ozkan C., Bakir B., Tasal I., 2009. Investigation of the seroprevalence of Maedi-Visna in the region of Van using ELISA and histopathological findings. J Anim Vet Adv, 8, 8, 1495-1498.
  • 4. Sargan DR., Bennet ID., Cousens C., Roy DJ., Blacklaws BA., Dalziel RG., Watt NJ., Mcconnell I., 1991. Nucleotide sequence of EV1, a British isolate of Maedi-Visna Virus. J Gen Virol, 72, 8, 1893-1903.
  • 5. Christodoulopoulos G., 2006. Maedi–Visna: Clinical review and short reference on the disease status in Mediterranean countries. Small Rum Res, 62, 1-2, 47-53.
  • 6. Herrmann-Hoesing LM., Noh SM., Snekvik KR., White SN., Schneider DA., Truscott T., Knowles DP., 2010. Ovine progressive pneumonia virus capsid antigen as found in CD163- and CD172a-positive alveolar macrophages of persistently infected sheep. Vet Pathol, 47, 3, 518-528.
  • 7. Anson MA., Eness PG., 1985 "Ovine Progressive Pneumonia: A Brief Overview," Iowa State University Veterinarian: Vol. 47: Iss. 2, Article 10. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/iowastate_veterinarian/vol47/iss2/10
  • 8. Straub OC., 2004. Maedi–Visna virus infection in sheep, history and present knowledge. Comp Immunol Microb, 27, 1-5.
  • 9. Asadpour R., Paktinat S., Ghassemi F., Jafari R., 2014. Study on correlation of Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) with ovine subclinical mastitis in Iran. Indian J Microbiol, 54, 2, 218-222.
  • 10. Gurcay M., Parmaksiz A., 2013. An investigation of Visna-Maedi virus infection in Şanlıurfa Province, Southeast Anatolia, Turkey. AVKAE Derg, 3, 1, 46-50.
  • 11. DeMartini JC., de la Concha-Bermejillo A., Carlson JO., Bowen RA., 2000. Diseases caused by. Maedi-visna and other ovine lentiviruses. Chapter 14. In “Breeding for Disease Resistance in Farm Animals” Ed., RFE Axford, SC Bishop, FW Nicholas, JB Owen, 2nd ed., CAB International, Wallingford.
  • 12. Honger D., Leitold B., Schuller W., 1990. Serological studies of antibodies against maedi-visna virus in sheep in Austria. Berl Munch Tierärztl, 103, 2, 39-41.
  • 13. Kita J., Cutlip RC., Kempski W., Sachs J., 1990. Survey for antibodies against Maedi-Visna in sheep in Polands. Pol Arch Weter, 30, 1, 2, 5-11.
  • 14. Simard C., Morley RS., 1991. Seroprevalence of Maedi-Visna in Canadian sheep. Can J Vet Res, 55, 269-273.
  • 15. Cutlip RC., Lehmkuhl HD., Sacks JM., Weaver AL., 1992. Seroprevalence of ovine progressive pneumonia virus in sheep in the United States as assessed by analyses of voluntarily submitted samples. Am J Vet Res, 53, 6, 976-979.
  • 16. Bouljihad M., Leipold HW., 1994. Ovine lentiviral infection (Maedi-Visna) in Morocco: A serologic and postmortem survey. J Vet Med A, 41, 317-328.
  • 17. Sihvonen L., Hirvela-Koski V., Nuotio L., Kokkonen U., 1999. Serological survey and epidemiological investigation of maedi-visna in sheep in Finland. Vet Microbiol, 65, 4, 265-270.
  • 18. Schaller P., Vogt HR., Strasser M., Nettleton PF., Peterhans E., Zanoni R., 2000. Seroprevalance of maedi-visna virus and border disease in Switzerland. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 142, 4, 145-153.
  • 19. Seyoum Z., Bitew M., Teferi M., Gelaye E., 2011. Evaluation of control program of Maedi-Visna by foster feeding with cow colostrum and other measures. Global Vet, 6, 1, 91-96.
  • 20. Giangaspero M., Tabbaa D., Nishikawa H., Vanopdenbosh E., 1993. Epidemiological survey of the Maedi Visna (MV) virus in Syrian Awassi sheep. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop, 46, 3, 431-434.
  • 21. Norouzi B., Razavizadeh AT., Azizzadeh M., Mayameei A., Mashhadi VNN., 2015. Serological study small ruminant lentiviruses in sheep populationof Horasan-e-Razavi province in Iran. Vet Res Forum, 6, 3, 245-249.
  • 22. Azkur AK., Gazyagci S., Aslan ME., 2011. Serological and epidemiological investigation of Bluetongue, Maedi-Visna and Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Viruses in small ruminant in Kirikkale district in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 17, 5, 803-808.
  • 23. Garedew L., Ayelet G., Yilma R., Zeleke A., Gelye E., 2010. Isolation of diverse bacterial species associated with maedi-visna infection of sheep in Ethiopia. Afr J Microbiol Res, 4, 1, 14-21.
  • 24. Muz D., Oguzoglu TC., Rosati S., Reina R., Bertolotti L., Burgu I., 2012. First molecular characterization of visna/maedi viruses from naturally infected sheep in Turkey. Arch Virol, 158, 3, 559-570.
  • 25. Pepin M., Vitu C., Russo P., Mornex JF., Peterhans E., 1998. Maedi-Visna virus infection in sheep: a review. Vet Res, 29, 3-4, 341-367.
  • 26. Fournier D., Campbell JR., Middleton DM., 2006. Prevalence of maedi-visna infection in culled ewes in Alberta. Can Vet J, 47, 460-466.
  • 27. Benavides J., Garcia-Pariente C., Ferreras MC., Fuertes M., Garcia-Marin JF., Perez V., 2007. Diagnosis of clinical cases of the nervous form of Maedi-Visna in 4- and 6-month-old lambs. Vet J, 174, 655-658.
  • 28. Sigurdsson B., Palsson PA., Van Bogaert L., 1962. Pathology of visna. Transmissible demyelinating disease of sheep in Iceland. Acta Neuropathol, 1, 343-362.
  • 29. Pritchard GC., Done SH., Dawson M., 1995. Multiple cases of maedi and visna in a flock in the East Anglia. Vet Rec, 137, 17, 443-443.
  • 30. Akkoc A., Kocaturk M., Alasonyalilar Demirer A., Senturk S., Renzoni G., Preziuso S., 2011. Maedi-Visna virus infection in a Merino lamb with nervous signs. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 35, 6, 467-470.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Luqman Awla Hamza This is me

Cumali Özkan

Publication Date December 20, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Hamza, L. A., & Özkan, C. (2017). Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(3), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.295120
AMA Hamza LA, Özkan C. Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. December 2017;12(3):227-234. doi:10.17094/ataunivbd.295120
Chicago Hamza, Luqman Awla, and Cumali Özkan. “Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 3 (December 2017): 227-34. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.295120.
EndNote Hamza LA, Özkan C (December 1, 2017) Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 12 3 227–234.
IEEE L. A. Hamza and C. Özkan, “Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması”, Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 227–234, 2017, doi: 10.17094/ataunivbd.295120.
ISNAD Hamza, Luqman Awla - Özkan, Cumali. “Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi 12/3 (December 2017), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.17094/ataunivbd.295120.
JAMA Hamza LA, Özkan C. Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2017;12:227–234.
MLA Hamza, Luqman Awla and Cumali Özkan. “Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, 2017, pp. 227-34, doi:10.17094/ataunivbd.295120.
Vancouver Hamza LA, Özkan C. Irak, Erbil Bölgesinde Kronik Solunum Sistemi Hastalığı Olan Koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Hastalığının Serolojik Araştırılması. Atatürk Üniversitesi Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi. 2017;12(3):227-34.