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Toxicity of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate to Tarek (Alburnus tarichi) Larvae

Year 2024, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 317 - 324, 26.03.2024

Ertuğrul Kankaya Ataman Altuğ Atıcı

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1352224

Abstract

Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate is a group of anionic detergents widely used in domestic and industrial applications. It causes adverse effects by mixing with aquatic environments. Chemicals mixing with aquatic environments affect fauna and flora at different levels. This study was carried out to determine the toxicity of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate for the larvae of tarek (Alburnus tarichi Güldenstädt, 1814), a fish living in the Van Lake basin which has economic and ecological value. The chemical was administered at concentrations of 0.0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0 mg L-1 in the acute test and 0.0, 1.2, and 2.4 mg L-1 in the chronic test. Tests were carried out using 100 larvae in each group. Bioassays were carried out at mean temperature of 20.9 ± 0.4 °C. A median lethal concentration of 4.883 (4.099‒6.482) mg L-1 at 96 hours was calculated for the larvae. Glutathione content, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase activity decreased significantly at 1.2 mg L-1 and increased significantly at 2.4 mg L-1 compared to controls (P0.05). The malondialdehyde content increased significantly depending on the increase in chemical concentration (P0.05). Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate is toxic to tarek larvae in terms of the measured biochemical parameters.

Keywords

Anionic surfactants Antioxidant enzyme Chronic test Cyprinid fish LC50

Ethical Statement

All procedures were performed with the approval of the Ethics Committee of Animal Experiments of Van Yuzuncu Yil University (decision number: 2022/13-15).

Supporting Institution

Van Yuzuncu Yil University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department

Project Number

FHD-2021-9621

Thanks

The authors wish to thank İrfan Orhan for assistance during fish sampling. The authors wish to thank Prof. Dr. Yusuf TUNÇTÜRK for help with English editing.

References

  • Aebi H (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymology 105: 121‒126. doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(84)05016-3 APHA (1995). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 19th ed. APHA, AWWA, WEF, APHA Press, Washington DC
  • Atıcı A A (2020). A research on detergent, boron, chemical and biological oxygen demand with the levels of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds in Karasu Stream (Van). In: International Engineering and Natural Sciences Conference (IENSC), 5‒6 November, Diyarbakır, pp. 43‒46
  • Atici A A (2021). Seasonal changes of some detergent components in surface water of rivers to the Van Lake, Turkey. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 103(1): 37‒49. doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1882460.
  • Beutler E (1984). Red Cell Metabolism: A Manual of Biochemical Methods. Grune and Startton, Orlando Çetinkaya O (2010). Aquatic toxicology: Fish bioassays. In: M Karataş (Ed.), Research Techniques in Fish Biology, Karaman Science and Research Center Association, Ankara, pp. 139‒187 (In Turkish)
  • Doğan A & Çelik İ (2016). Healing effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical Biology 54(10): 2092‒2102. doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2016.1145702
  • Elp M, Şen F & Atıcı A A (2014). The distribution area of tarek (Alburnus tarichi, (Güldenstädt 1814)) in the Van Lake basin, Turkey. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 24(3): 228‒232. doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.236277
  • Filogh A, Bilen S, Sönmez A Y & Elp M (2023). Growth, blood parameters, immune response and antioxidant enzyme activities in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) fed diets supplemented with fumitory (Fumaria officinalis). Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi) 29(1): 47‒59. doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.982032
  • Gholami M, Fatemi S M R, Falahi M, Esmaili A & Mashinchiyan M (2010). Effects of heavy metals (copper and cadmium) and detergent (LAS) on white fish fry Rutilus frisii Kutum. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology 4(4): 231‒236. doi.org/10.3923/rjet.2010.231.236
  • Ghosh S, Saha N C, Bhattacharya R, Medda S & Pal S (2022). Alkyl benzene sulfonate induced acute toxicity and potential alteration of growth, hematological, biochemical, enzymological and stress biomarkers in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852). Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences 10(10): 234‒256. doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i10.001
  • Gouda A M R, Hagras A E, Okbah M A & El-Gammal M I (2022). Influence of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on hematological and biochemical parameters of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 29(2): 1006‒1013. doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.074.
  • Habig W H, Pabst M J & Jakoby W B (1974). Glutathione s-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 249(22): 7130‒7139. doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)42083-8
  • HACH (2005). DR 5000 Spectrometer procedures manuel. Retrieved in August, 16, 2023 from https://ca.hach.com/dr-5000-uv-vis-spectrophotometer/product-downloads?id=14534087101
  • Hampel M, Ortiz-Delgado J B, Moreno-Garrido I, Sarasquete C & Blasco J (2004). Sublethal effects of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate on larvae of the seabream (Sparus aurata): Histological approach. Histology and Histopathology Cellular and Molecular Biology 19(4): 1061‒1073. doi.org/10.14670/HH-19.1061
  • Hampel M, Ortiz-Delgado J B, Sarasquete C & Blasco J (2008). Effects of sediment sorbed linear alkylbenzene sulphonate on juveniles of the Senegal Sole, Solea senegalensis: Toxicity and histological indicators. Histology and Histopathology Cellular and Molecular Biology 23(1): 87‒100. doi.org/10.14670/HH-23.87
  • Hofer R, Jeney Z & Bucher F (1995). Chronic effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and ammonia on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry at water criteria limits. Water Research 29(12): 2725‒2729. doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(95)00143-9
  • Jain S K, McVie R, Duett J & Herbst J J (1989). Erytrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetes. Diabetes 38(12): 1539‒1543. doi.org/10.2337/diab.38.12.1539
  • Kankaya E & Kaptaner B (2016). Alterations in the hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) injected with nonylphenol. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 33(2): 139‒142. doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2016.33.2.07
  • Kankaya E & Ünal G (2018). Determination of acute and chronic toxic effects of methyl parathion on Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811). Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 4(1): 35‒45. doi.org/10.3153/JAEFR18004
  • Kankaya E, Kaptaner B, Doğan A & Çelik İ (2015). Toxicity of bisphenol a during the early life stages of Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 24(3a): 977‒985
  • Manousaki E, Psillakis E, Kalogerakis N & Mantzavinos D (2004). Degradation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in water by ultrasonic irradiation. Water Research 38(17): 3751‒3759. doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.06.002
  • Marklund S L (1990). Analysis of extracellular superoxide dismutase in tissue homogenates and extracellular fluids. Methods in Enzymology 186: 260‒265. doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)86117-e
  • OECD (2013). OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals, fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test. No: 236, OECD, Paris. doi.org/10.1787/9789264203709-en
  • Oyoroko E & Ogamba E N (2017). Effects of detergent containing linear alkyl benzene sulphonate on behavioural response of Heterobranchus bidorsalis, Clarias gariepinus and Heteroclarias. Biotechnological Research 3(3): 59‒64
  • Rosety M, Ordonez F J, Rosety-Rodriguez M, Rosety J M, Rosety I, Carrasco C & Ribelles A (2001). Comparative study of the acute toxicity of anionic surfactans alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on gilthead, Sparus aurta L., Eggs. Histology and Histopathology 16(4): 1091‒1095. doi.org/10.14670/HH-16.1091
  • Sepil A & Kankaya E (2022). Early life stage larval ontogeny and morphometric measurements in ornamental fishes. In: B Karataş (Ed.), Su Ürünlerinde Modern Perspektifler, Iksad International Publishing House, Adıyaman, pp. 293‒311
  • Shukla A & Trivedi S P (2018). Anionic surfactant, linear alkyl benzene sulphonate induced oxidative stress and hepatic impairments in fish Channa punctatus. Proceedings of The Zoological Society 71(4): 382‒389. doi.org/10.1007/s12595-017-0223-1
  • Spirita Sharmili V, Kanagapan M, Sam Manohar Das S & Avila Varshini R (2015). Studies on the toxicity of alkylbenzene sulphonate to zebra fish, Danio rerio Hamilton. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 3(1): 204‒207
  • TUIK (2022). Fishery statistics. Retrieved in August, 16, 2023 from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1
  • Uedeme-Naa B & Erondu E S (2014). Influence of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate on Some Serum Electrolytes of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Juveniles. Journal of Agriculture and Social Research 14(1): 8‒16
  • Unal G, Cetinkaya O & Elp M (2000). The embryonic and larval development of Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas, 1811 (Cprinidae): an endemic fish species of the Lake Van Basin, Turkey. Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences 19A(1): 27‒41
  • USEPA (2002a). Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater and marine organisms. EPA-821-R-02-012, USEPA, Washington
  • USEPA (2002b). Short-term methods for estimating the chronic toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. EPA-821-R-02-013, USEPA, Washington
  • Ünal G, Çetinkaya O & Elp M (1999). Histological investigation of gonad development of Chalcalburnus tarichi (P., 1811). Turkish Journal of Zoology 23(5): 329‒338
  • Varsha J, Mishra K D & Govind P (2013). Effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate on the liver tissues of Puntius ticto fish. International Journal of Chemical and Life Sciences 2(1): 1068‒1070
  • Wang Z, Xiao B, Wu X, Tu X, Wang Y, Sun X & Song L (2010). Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in water of Lake Dianchi-Spatial and seasonal variation, and kinetics of biodegradation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 171: 501‒512. doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1295-9
  • Xu Ya (1996). Toxic effects of alkyl benzene sodium sulfonate on incubation of carp (Cyprinus carpio rabeifusecus) eggs in Dianchi Lake. GeoJournal 4(1‒2): 229‒232. doi.org/10.1007/BF00222550
  • Zhang Y, Ma J, Zhou S & Ma F (2015). Concentration-dependent toxicity effect of SDBS on swimming behavior of freshwater fishes. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 40(1): 77‒85. doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2015.05.005

Year 2024, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 317 - 324, 26.03.2024

Ertuğrul Kankaya Ataman Altuğ Atıcı

https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1352224

Abstract

Project Number

FHD-2021-9621

References

  • Aebi H (1984). Catalase in vitro. Methods Enzymology 105: 121‒126. doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(84)05016-3 APHA (1995). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 19th ed. APHA, AWWA, WEF, APHA Press, Washington DC
  • Atıcı A A (2020). A research on detergent, boron, chemical and biological oxygen demand with the levels of phosphorus and nitrogen compounds in Karasu Stream (Van). In: International Engineering and Natural Sciences Conference (IENSC), 5‒6 November, Diyarbakır, pp. 43‒46
  • Atici A A (2021). Seasonal changes of some detergent components in surface water of rivers to the Van Lake, Turkey. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 103(1): 37‒49. doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1882460.
  • Beutler E (1984). Red Cell Metabolism: A Manual of Biochemical Methods. Grune and Startton, Orlando Çetinkaya O (2010). Aquatic toxicology: Fish bioassays. In: M Karataş (Ed.), Research Techniques in Fish Biology, Karaman Science and Research Center Association, Ankara, pp. 139‒187 (In Turkish)
  • Doğan A & Çelik İ (2016). Healing effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical Biology 54(10): 2092‒2102. doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2016.1145702
  • Elp M, Şen F & Atıcı A A (2014). The distribution area of tarek (Alburnus tarichi, (Güldenstädt 1814)) in the Van Lake basin, Turkey. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 24(3): 228‒232. doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.236277
  • Filogh A, Bilen S, Sönmez A Y & Elp M (2023). Growth, blood parameters, immune response and antioxidant enzyme activities in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) fed diets supplemented with fumitory (Fumaria officinalis). Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi) 29(1): 47‒59. doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.982032
  • Gholami M, Fatemi S M R, Falahi M, Esmaili A & Mashinchiyan M (2010). Effects of heavy metals (copper and cadmium) and detergent (LAS) on white fish fry Rutilus frisii Kutum. Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology 4(4): 231‒236. doi.org/10.3923/rjet.2010.231.236
  • Ghosh S, Saha N C, Bhattacharya R, Medda S & Pal S (2022). Alkyl benzene sulfonate induced acute toxicity and potential alteration of growth, hematological, biochemical, enzymological and stress biomarkers in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852). Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences 10(10): 234‒256. doi.org/10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i10.001
  • Gouda A M R, Hagras A E, Okbah M A & El-Gammal M I (2022). Influence of the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on hematological and biochemical parameters of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 29(2): 1006‒1013. doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.074.
  • Habig W H, Pabst M J & Jakoby W B (1974). Glutathione s-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 249(22): 7130‒7139. doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)42083-8
  • HACH (2005). DR 5000 Spectrometer procedures manuel. Retrieved in August, 16, 2023 from https://ca.hach.com/dr-5000-uv-vis-spectrophotometer/product-downloads?id=14534087101
  • Hampel M, Ortiz-Delgado J B, Moreno-Garrido I, Sarasquete C & Blasco J (2004). Sublethal effects of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate on larvae of the seabream (Sparus aurata): Histological approach. Histology and Histopathology Cellular and Molecular Biology 19(4): 1061‒1073. doi.org/10.14670/HH-19.1061
  • Hampel M, Ortiz-Delgado J B, Sarasquete C & Blasco J (2008). Effects of sediment sorbed linear alkylbenzene sulphonate on juveniles of the Senegal Sole, Solea senegalensis: Toxicity and histological indicators. Histology and Histopathology Cellular and Molecular Biology 23(1): 87‒100. doi.org/10.14670/HH-23.87
  • Hofer R, Jeney Z & Bucher F (1995). Chronic effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and ammonia on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry at water criteria limits. Water Research 29(12): 2725‒2729. doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(95)00143-9
  • Jain S K, McVie R, Duett J & Herbst J J (1989). Erytrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetes. Diabetes 38(12): 1539‒1543. doi.org/10.2337/diab.38.12.1539
  • Kankaya E & Kaptaner B (2016). Alterations in the hematological parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) injected with nonylphenol. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 33(2): 139‒142. doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2016.33.2.07
  • Kankaya E & Ünal G (2018). Determination of acute and chronic toxic effects of methyl parathion on Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811). Journal of Aquaculture Engineering and Fisheries Research, 4(1): 35‒45. doi.org/10.3153/JAEFR18004
  • Kankaya E, Kaptaner B, Doğan A & Çelik İ (2015). Toxicity of bisphenol a during the early life stages of Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 24(3a): 977‒985
  • Manousaki E, Psillakis E, Kalogerakis N & Mantzavinos D (2004). Degradation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in water by ultrasonic irradiation. Water Research 38(17): 3751‒3759. doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.06.002
  • Marklund S L (1990). Analysis of extracellular superoxide dismutase in tissue homogenates and extracellular fluids. Methods in Enzymology 186: 260‒265. doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(90)86117-e
  • OECD (2013). OECD Guidelines for the testing of chemicals, fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test. No: 236, OECD, Paris. doi.org/10.1787/9789264203709-en
  • Oyoroko E & Ogamba E N (2017). Effects of detergent containing linear alkyl benzene sulphonate on behavioural response of Heterobranchus bidorsalis, Clarias gariepinus and Heteroclarias. Biotechnological Research 3(3): 59‒64
  • Rosety M, Ordonez F J, Rosety-Rodriguez M, Rosety J M, Rosety I, Carrasco C & Ribelles A (2001). Comparative study of the acute toxicity of anionic surfactans alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) on gilthead, Sparus aurta L., Eggs. Histology and Histopathology 16(4): 1091‒1095. doi.org/10.14670/HH-16.1091
  • Sepil A & Kankaya E (2022). Early life stage larval ontogeny and morphometric measurements in ornamental fishes. In: B Karataş (Ed.), Su Ürünlerinde Modern Perspektifler, Iksad International Publishing House, Adıyaman, pp. 293‒311
  • Shukla A & Trivedi S P (2018). Anionic surfactant, linear alkyl benzene sulphonate induced oxidative stress and hepatic impairments in fish Channa punctatus. Proceedings of The Zoological Society 71(4): 382‒389. doi.org/10.1007/s12595-017-0223-1
  • Spirita Sharmili V, Kanagapan M, Sam Manohar Das S & Avila Varshini R (2015). Studies on the toxicity of alkylbenzene sulphonate to zebra fish, Danio rerio Hamilton. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 3(1): 204‒207
  • TUIK (2022). Fishery statistics. Retrieved in August, 16, 2023 from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111&dil=1
  • Uedeme-Naa B & Erondu E S (2014). Influence of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate on Some Serum Electrolytes of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) Juveniles. Journal of Agriculture and Social Research 14(1): 8‒16
  • Unal G, Cetinkaya O & Elp M (2000). The embryonic and larval development of Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas, 1811 (Cprinidae): an endemic fish species of the Lake Van Basin, Turkey. Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences 19A(1): 27‒41
  • USEPA (2002a). Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater and marine organisms. EPA-821-R-02-012, USEPA, Washington
  • USEPA (2002b). Short-term methods for estimating the chronic toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater organisms. EPA-821-R-02-013, USEPA, Washington
  • Ünal G, Çetinkaya O & Elp M (1999). Histological investigation of gonad development of Chalcalburnus tarichi (P., 1811). Turkish Journal of Zoology 23(5): 329‒338
  • Varsha J, Mishra K D & Govind P (2013). Effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate on the liver tissues of Puntius ticto fish. International Journal of Chemical and Life Sciences 2(1): 1068‒1070
  • Wang Z, Xiao B, Wu X, Tu X, Wang Y, Sun X & Song L (2010). Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in water of Lake Dianchi-Spatial and seasonal variation, and kinetics of biodegradation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 171: 501‒512. doi.org/10.1007/s10661-009-1295-9
  • Xu Ya (1996). Toxic effects of alkyl benzene sodium sulfonate on incubation of carp (Cyprinus carpio rabeifusecus) eggs in Dianchi Lake. GeoJournal 4(1‒2): 229‒232. doi.org/10.1007/BF00222550
  • Zhang Y, Ma J, Zhou S & Ma F (2015). Concentration-dependent toxicity effect of SDBS on swimming behavior of freshwater fishes. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 40(1): 77‒85. doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2015.05.005
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pollution and Contamination (Other), Agricultural Biotechnology Diagnostics
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ertuğrul Kankaya 0000-0002-3032-3041

Ataman Altuğ Atıcı 0000-0001-8700-8969

Project Number FHD-2021-9621
Publication Date March 26, 2024
Submission Date August 29, 2023
Acceptance Date November 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 30 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kankaya, E., & Atıcı, A. A. (2024). Toxicity of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate to Tarek (Alburnus tarichi) Larvae. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 30(2), 317-324. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.1352224
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