Research Article
Göynük Çayı (Bingöl, Türkiye)’nda Yaşayan ve Paradiplozoon bingolensis Civanova et al., 2013 (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) İnfestasyonuna Konak Olan Doktor Balık, Garra rufa (Cyprinidae)’nın Büyüme ve Üreme Özellikleri
Abstract
Bu çalışmada Göynük Çayı’nda yaşayan Garra rufa Heckel, 1843 türünün büyüme ve üreme özellikleri ile Paradiplozoon bingolensis Civanova et al., 2013 infestasyonuna konak olma durumu araştırılmıştır. Mart 2015-Şubat 2016 tarihleri arasında toplam 267 adet G. rufa serpme ağ ile yakalanmıştır. Toplam boy 8,5-19,1 cm, ağırlık ise 5,8-58,7 g arasında belirlenmiştir. En yoğun avcılık 12,0-12,9 cm (30,0%) cm ve 15,0-19,9 (25,2%) g’lık gruplarda gerçekleşmiştir. Kondisyon faktörü 1,126±0,151 (0,607-1,646) olarak belirlenmiştir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W= 0,0205 × TL2,758 (r2 = 0,891) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Erkek: dişi oranı 1:1,15 olarak belirlenmiştir. Cinsel olgunluğun erkeklerde 13 cm, dişilerde ise 14 cm total boya ulaşınca gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, 218 G. rufa örneğinin Paradiplozoon bingolensis paraziti taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Pozitif olan bu örneklerde 173 adet P. bingolensis erkek G. rufa örneklerinden izole edilirken, dişi G. rufa örneklerinin 228 adet P. bingolensis taşıdığı görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, dişi G. rufa örneklerinin enfeksiyona daha yatkın olduğu belirlenmiştir (p˂0,01).
References
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- Avenant-Oldewage, A., Le Roux, L. E., Mashego S. N. & van Vuuren, B. J. (2014). Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) from Labeobarbus aeneus (Cyprinidae) in the Vaal River, South Africa. Journal of Helminthology, 88(2), 166–72. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X12000879
- Avşar, D. 2005. Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği. Nobel Publisher, Adana, 332 p.
- Barnham, C. & Baxter, A. (1998). Condition factor, K, for salmonid fish. Fisheries Note, State of Victoria, Department of Primary Industries, Melbourne, 3 p.
- Birecikligil, S. & Çiçek, E. (2011). Length-weight relationships for 16 freshwater fishes caught in tributaries of Euphrates and Orontes rivers in Gaziantep (southeastern Anatolia), Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 27(4), 1131–1132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01760.x
- Bogler, T. & Connolly, P. L. (1989). The selection of suitable indices for the measurement and analysis of fish condition. Journal of Fish Biology, 34(2), 171–182.
- Civanova, K., Koyun, M. & Koubkova, B. (2013). The molecular and morphometrical description of a new diplozoid species from the gills of the Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) (Cyprinidae) from Turkey including a commentary on taxonomic division of Diplozoidae. Parasitology Research, 112(8), 3053–3062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3480-6
- Coad, B. W. (1995). Freshwater fishes of Iran. Acta Scientarium Naturalium Academiae Scientarium Bohemicae, 29, 1–164.
- Crim, W. L. & Glebe, B. D. (1990). Reproduction. In C. B. Schreck & P. B. Moyle (Ed.), Methods for Fish Biology. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, pp. 529–553.
- Çetinkaya, O., Şen, F. & Elp, M. (2005). Balıklarda Büyüme ve Büyüme Analizleri. In M. Karataş (Ed.), Balık Biyolojisi Araştırma Yöntemleri. Nobel Publisher, Ankara, pp. 93–120.
- Çiçek, E., Seçer, B., Öztürk, S. & Sungur, S. (2021). Age and Growth of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) from Merzimen Stream, Euphrates River Basin, Turkey. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 7(1), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.17216/LimnoFish.710127
- Esmaeili, H. R. & Ebrahimi, M. (2006). Length-weight relationships of some freshwater fishes of Iran. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 328–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00653.x
- Fan, L., Meng, F., Bai, J., Xu, W. & Wang, X. (2018). Paradiplozoon yunnanensis n. sp. (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from Sikukia gudgeri (Cyprinidae, Barbinae) in southwest China. Parasite, 25, 46. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018047
- Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(4), 241–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
- Geldiay, R. & Balik, S. (2002). Türkiye Tatlısu Balıkları. Ege University Faculty of Fisheries Publishing, İzmir, 644 p.
- Gerami, M. H., Abdollahi, D. & Patimar, R. (2013). Length-weight, length-length relationship and condition factor of Garra rufa in Cholvar River of Iran. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 5(4), 358–361. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjfms.2013.05.04.7371
- Jarvis, L. P. (2011). Biological Synopsis of Garra rufa. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Burlington, 21 p.
- Jirsova, D., Ding, X., Civanova, K., Jirounkova, E., Ilgova, J., Koubkova, B., Kasny, M. & Gelnar, M. (2018). Redescription of Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from the type host Hemiculter leucisculus, with neotype designation. Parasite, 25: 4. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018004
- Jisr, N., Younes, G., Sukhn, C. & El-Dakdouki, M.H. (2018). Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of fish inhabiting the marine area of the Eastern Mediterranean city, Tripoli-Lebanon. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 44(4), 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2018.11.004
- Karaaslan, G. M. (2010). Sivas Kangal balıklı kaplıcadaki balıklarda (Cyprinidae), antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri üzerine değişik stres kaynaklarının etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 87 s.
- Karaman, M.S. 1971. Süsswasserfische der Türkei, 8. Teil: Revision der Barben Europas, Vorderasien und Nordafrika. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoology Museum und Institute, 67, 175–254.
- Karataş, M., Başusta, N. & Gökçe, M. A. (2005). Balıklarda Üreme. In M. Karataş (Ed.), Balık Biyolojisi Araştırma Yöntemleri. Nobel Publisher, Ankara, p. 63–97.
- Keivany Y, Zamani-Faradonbe M. 2017. Length-weight and length-length relationships for eight fish species from the Jarrahi River, southwestern Iran. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 33(4), 864–866. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13396
- Keivany, Y., Nezamoleslami, A., Dorafshan, S. & Eagderi, S. (2015). Length-weight and length-length relationships in populations of Garra rufa from different rivers and basins of Iran. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 3(6), 409–413.
- Kimmerer, W., Avent S. E. & Bollens S. M. (2005). Variability in Length-Weight Relationships Used to Estimate Biomass of Estuarine Fish From Survey Data. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 134, 481–495.
- Koyun, M. (2011). Biogeographical distributıon of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) in freshwater sources of TURKEY. Science Journal of Bingöl University, 1(1), 5–8.
- Koyun, M., Gül, B. & Korkut, N. (2018). The fish fauna of Göynük Stream (Bingöl). Commagene. Journal Biology, 2, 39–47. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.403367
- Krupp, F. & Schneider, W. (1989). The fishes of the Jordan River drainage basin and Azraq Oasis. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 10, 347–416.
- Kund, G. C., Mishra, G. & Satpathy, D. (2011). Length weight relationship and relative condition factor of Mugil cephalus in Chilika lagoon, east coast of India. Journal of Applied Zoological Researches, 22(2), 153–156.
- Le Cren, E. D. (1951). The Length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). Journal of Animal Ecology, 20(2), 201–219.
- Martinez, A. M. & Vazquez, B. P. C. (2001). Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Mexico, Reproductive activity and condition index of Holacanthus passer (Teleostei: Pomacanthidae) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 49(3-4), 939–943.
- Martin‐Smith, K. M. (1996). Length/weight relationships of fishes in a diverse tropical freshwater community, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Fish Biology, 49(4), 731–734. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00069.x
- Menon, A. G. K. (1964). Monograph of the Cyprinid fishes of the genus Garra Hamilton, 1822. Mem. Ind. Mus, 14, 173–260.
- Mohamamad, R. & Mahsa, R. (2019). The study of morphometric and molecular Paradiplozoon chazarikum parasite in Caspian Sea the Rutilus frisii kutum. Genetics of Aquatic Organisms, 3 (1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.4194/2459-1831-v3_1_05
- Nikolsky, G. V. (1963). The Ecology of Fishes. Academic Press, London and New York, 352 p.
- Pajuelo, J. G. & Lorenzo, J. M. (1998). Population biology of common pandora Pagellus erythrinus (Pisces: Sparidae) of the Canary Islands. Fisheries Research, 36, 75–86.
- Patimar, R., Chalanchi, M.G., Chamanara, V. & Naderi, L. (2010). Some life history aspects of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) in the Kangir River, Western Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 51(1), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2010.10638441
- Pazira, A. R., Moghdani, S. & Ghanbari, F. (2013). Age structure and growth of the Gurra rufa (Cyprinidae), in southern Iran. International Journal of Biosciences, 3(12), 115–119.
- Ricker, W. E. (1975). Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 191, 1–382.
- Ricker, W. E. & Carter, N. M. (1958). Handbook of computations for biological statistics of fish populations, No. 119. The Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Queen’s printer and controller of stationary, Ottawa.
- Sakar, U. K., Kahn, G. E., Dabas, A., Pathak, A. K., Mir, J. I., Rebello, S. C., Pal, A. & Singh, S. P. (2013). Length weight relationship and condition factor of selected freshwater fish species found in river Ganga, Gomti and Rapti, India. Journal of Environmental Biology, 34(5), 951–956.
- Segherloo, I. H., Tabatabaei, S. N., Mansouri, A., Abdoli, A., Ghalenoei, M. & Golzarianpour, K. (2015). Length-weight relationships of Garra rufa, in the Tigris and Persian Gulf basins of Iran. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 3(1), 25–27. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijab.v3i1.43
- Shafi S. (2012). Study of fecundity and gonadosomatic index of Carassius carassius (Linneaus, 1758- introduced) from Dal Lake Kashmir. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2, 2224–3208.
- Wootton R. J. (1992). Fish ecology. Springer, Scotland, 224 p.
- Yılmaz, S., Yazıcıoğlu, O., Erbaşaran, M., Esen, S., Zengin, M. & Polat, N. (2012). Length weight relationship and relative condition factor of white bream, Blicca bjoerkna (L., 1758), from Lake Ladik, Turkey. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 18(3), 380–387.
- Zar, J. H. (1999). Biostatistical analysis. USA: Prentice Hall.
Growth and Reproduction Properties of the Doctor Fish, Garra rufa (Cyprinidae) Infested with Paradiplozoon bingolensis Civanova et al., 2013 (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) in the Göynük Stream (Bingöl, Turkey)
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the growth and reproductive characteristics of Garra rufa Heckel, 1843 infested with Paradiplozoon bingolensis Civanova et al., 2013 in Göynük Stream, Bingol. A total of 267 G. rufa specimens were caught by a casting net between March 2015 and February 2016. The total length of G. rufa ranged from 8.5-19.1 cm and the total weights ranged from 5.8-58.7 g. The most intensive catching was in G. rufa population of 12.0-12.9 cm (30.0%) cm and 15.0-19.9 (25.2%) g in the groups. The mean condition factor was determined as 1.126±0.151 (0.607-1.646). The length-weight relationships were calculated as W= 0.0205 × TL2.758 (r2 = 0.891). The M: F ratio was 1:1.15. The sexual maturity length was recorded as 13 cm total length for males and 14 cm total length for females. Additionally, Paradiplozoon bingolensis was detected on only 218 G. rufa in this population. Of these positive samples, 173 P. bingolensis were isolated from male fish samples, while the females had 228 P. bingolensis. Therefore, female G. rufa specimens from this population were determined to be more predisposed to the infestation (p˂0.01).
References
- Abedi, M., Shiva, A.H., Mohammadi, H. & Malekpour, R. (2011). Reproductive biology and age determination of Garra rufa Heckel, 1843 (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae) in central Iran. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 35(3): 317–323. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-0810-11
- Avenant-Oldewage, A., Le Roux, L. E., Mashego S. N. & van Vuuren, B. J. (2014). Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon n. sp. (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) from Labeobarbus aeneus (Cyprinidae) in the Vaal River, South Africa. Journal of Helminthology, 88(2), 166–72. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X12000879
- Avşar, D. 2005. Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği. Nobel Publisher, Adana, 332 p.
- Barnham, C. & Baxter, A. (1998). Condition factor, K, for salmonid fish. Fisheries Note, State of Victoria, Department of Primary Industries, Melbourne, 3 p.
- Birecikligil, S. & Çiçek, E. (2011). Length-weight relationships for 16 freshwater fishes caught in tributaries of Euphrates and Orontes rivers in Gaziantep (southeastern Anatolia), Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 27(4), 1131–1132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01760.x
- Bogler, T. & Connolly, P. L. (1989). The selection of suitable indices for the measurement and analysis of fish condition. Journal of Fish Biology, 34(2), 171–182.
- Civanova, K., Koyun, M. & Koubkova, B. (2013). The molecular and morphometrical description of a new diplozoid species from the gills of the Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) (Cyprinidae) from Turkey including a commentary on taxonomic division of Diplozoidae. Parasitology Research, 112(8), 3053–3062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3480-6
- Coad, B. W. (1995). Freshwater fishes of Iran. Acta Scientarium Naturalium Academiae Scientarium Bohemicae, 29, 1–164.
- Crim, W. L. & Glebe, B. D. (1990). Reproduction. In C. B. Schreck & P. B. Moyle (Ed.), Methods for Fish Biology. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland, pp. 529–553.
- Çetinkaya, O., Şen, F. & Elp, M. (2005). Balıklarda Büyüme ve Büyüme Analizleri. In M. Karataş (Ed.), Balık Biyolojisi Araştırma Yöntemleri. Nobel Publisher, Ankara, pp. 93–120.
- Çiçek, E., Seçer, B., Öztürk, S. & Sungur, S. (2021). Age and Growth of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) from Merzimen Stream, Euphrates River Basin, Turkey. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, 7(1), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.17216/LimnoFish.710127
- Esmaeili, H. R. & Ebrahimi, M. (2006). Length-weight relationships of some freshwater fishes of Iran. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22, 328–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00653.x
- Fan, L., Meng, F., Bai, J., Xu, W. & Wang, X. (2018). Paradiplozoon yunnanensis n. sp. (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from Sikukia gudgeri (Cyprinidae, Barbinae) in southwest China. Parasite, 25, 46. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018047
- Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(4), 241–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x
- Geldiay, R. & Balik, S. (2002). Türkiye Tatlısu Balıkları. Ege University Faculty of Fisheries Publishing, İzmir, 644 p.
- Gerami, M. H., Abdollahi, D. & Patimar, R. (2013). Length-weight, length-length relationship and condition factor of Garra rufa in Cholvar River of Iran. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 5(4), 358–361. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.wjfms.2013.05.04.7371
- Jarvis, L. P. (2011). Biological Synopsis of Garra rufa. Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Burlington, 21 p.
- Jirsova, D., Ding, X., Civanova, K., Jirounkova, E., Ilgova, J., Koubkova, B., Kasny, M. & Gelnar, M. (2018). Redescription of Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from the type host Hemiculter leucisculus, with neotype designation. Parasite, 25: 4. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018004
- Jisr, N., Younes, G., Sukhn, C. & El-Dakdouki, M.H. (2018). Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of fish inhabiting the marine area of the Eastern Mediterranean city, Tripoli-Lebanon. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 44(4), 299–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2018.11.004
- Karaaslan, G. M. (2010). Sivas Kangal balıklı kaplıcadaki balıklarda (Cyprinidae), antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri üzerine değişik stres kaynaklarının etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 87 s.
- Karaman, M.S. 1971. Süsswasserfische der Türkei, 8. Teil: Revision der Barben Europas, Vorderasien und Nordafrika. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoology Museum und Institute, 67, 175–254.
- Karataş, M., Başusta, N. & Gökçe, M. A. (2005). Balıklarda Üreme. In M. Karataş (Ed.), Balık Biyolojisi Araştırma Yöntemleri. Nobel Publisher, Ankara, p. 63–97.
- Keivany Y, Zamani-Faradonbe M. 2017. Length-weight and length-length relationships for eight fish species from the Jarrahi River, southwestern Iran. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 33(4), 864–866. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13396
- Keivany, Y., Nezamoleslami, A., Dorafshan, S. & Eagderi, S. (2015). Length-weight and length-length relationships in populations of Garra rufa from different rivers and basins of Iran. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 3(6), 409–413.
- Kimmerer, W., Avent S. E. & Bollens S. M. (2005). Variability in Length-Weight Relationships Used to Estimate Biomass of Estuarine Fish From Survey Data. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 134, 481–495.
- Koyun, M. (2011). Biogeographical distributıon of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) in freshwater sources of TURKEY. Science Journal of Bingöl University, 1(1), 5–8.
- Koyun, M., Gül, B. & Korkut, N. (2018). The fish fauna of Göynük Stream (Bingöl). Commagene. Journal Biology, 2, 39–47. https://doi.org/10.31594/commagene.403367
- Krupp, F. & Schneider, W. (1989). The fishes of the Jordan River drainage basin and Azraq Oasis. Fauna of Saudi Arabia, 10, 347–416.
- Kund, G. C., Mishra, G. & Satpathy, D. (2011). Length weight relationship and relative condition factor of Mugil cephalus in Chilika lagoon, east coast of India. Journal of Applied Zoological Researches, 22(2), 153–156.
- Le Cren, E. D. (1951). The Length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). Journal of Animal Ecology, 20(2), 201–219.
- Martinez, A. M. & Vazquez, B. P. C. (2001). Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Mexico, Reproductive activity and condition index of Holacanthus passer (Teleostei: Pomacanthidae) in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 49(3-4), 939–943.
- Martin‐Smith, K. M. (1996). Length/weight relationships of fishes in a diverse tropical freshwater community, Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Fish Biology, 49(4), 731–734. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00069.x
- Menon, A. G. K. (1964). Monograph of the Cyprinid fishes of the genus Garra Hamilton, 1822. Mem. Ind. Mus, 14, 173–260.
- Mohamamad, R. & Mahsa, R. (2019). The study of morphometric and molecular Paradiplozoon chazarikum parasite in Caspian Sea the Rutilus frisii kutum. Genetics of Aquatic Organisms, 3 (1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.4194/2459-1831-v3_1_05
- Nikolsky, G. V. (1963). The Ecology of Fishes. Academic Press, London and New York, 352 p.
- Pajuelo, J. G. & Lorenzo, J. M. (1998). Population biology of common pandora Pagellus erythrinus (Pisces: Sparidae) of the Canary Islands. Fisheries Research, 36, 75–86.
- Patimar, R., Chalanchi, M.G., Chamanara, V. & Naderi, L. (2010). Some life history aspects of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) in the Kangir River, Western Iran. Zoology in the Middle East, 51(1), 57–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2010.10638441
- Pazira, A. R., Moghdani, S. & Ghanbari, F. (2013). Age structure and growth of the Gurra rufa (Cyprinidae), in southern Iran. International Journal of Biosciences, 3(12), 115–119.
- Ricker, W. E. (1975). Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 191, 1–382.
- Ricker, W. E. & Carter, N. M. (1958). Handbook of computations for biological statistics of fish populations, No. 119. The Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Queen’s printer and controller of stationary, Ottawa.
- Sakar, U. K., Kahn, G. E., Dabas, A., Pathak, A. K., Mir, J. I., Rebello, S. C., Pal, A. & Singh, S. P. (2013). Length weight relationship and condition factor of selected freshwater fish species found in river Ganga, Gomti and Rapti, India. Journal of Environmental Biology, 34(5), 951–956.
- Segherloo, I. H., Tabatabaei, S. N., Mansouri, A., Abdoli, A., Ghalenoei, M. & Golzarianpour, K. (2015). Length-weight relationships of Garra rufa, in the Tigris and Persian Gulf basins of Iran. International Journal of Aquatic Biology, 3(1), 25–27. https://doi.org/10.22034/ijab.v3i1.43
- Shafi S. (2012). Study of fecundity and gonadosomatic index of Carassius carassius (Linneaus, 1758- introduced) from Dal Lake Kashmir. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 2, 2224–3208.
- Wootton R. J. (1992). Fish ecology. Springer, Scotland, 224 p.
- Yılmaz, S., Yazıcıoğlu, O., Erbaşaran, M., Esen, S., Zengin, M. & Polat, N. (2012). Length weight relationship and relative condition factor of white bream, Blicca bjoerkna (L., 1758), from Lake Ladik, Turkey. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 18(3), 380–387.
- Zar, J. H. (1999). Biostatistical analysis. USA: Prentice Hall.
There are 46 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Structural Biology |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 1, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 17 Issue: 4 |
